1、Shyness 概要写作 文本内容与结构解读 写作思路解读 写作思路微技能之策略 表达微技能之同义/近义词（组）替换篇 牛刀小试 参考范文欣赏体裁：说明文主题： shyness结构：Para 1Para 3Para 2Para 41.文本内容与结构解读Para 5阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some poin
2、t in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies
3、are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found 66 percen
4、t of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. You may also be shy be
5、cause of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have differen
6、t opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and ri
7、sk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversat
8、ion. And dont forget-if you are shy, you are not the only one. cause 1phenomenon evaluation/suggestioncause 2cause 3写作思路解读 Para. 1 Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days
9、, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. 要点1: Shyness is becoming more and more common, and scientists have some interesting ideas about why people are shy Para. 2: Is it possible to be bo
10、rn shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.要点2:Some shyness is genetic.总
11、分总结构 Para. 3: Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up al
12、one, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families. 要点3: Family size might cause people to be shy as well.主 题 句Para. 4: You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they fo
13、und surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves.
14、They blame themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are l
15、ess shy.要点4: You may also be shy because of where you were born, as different countries/cultures shape peoples attitudes towards failure, which affects shyness.主 题 句Para. 5: For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get o
16、ver your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And dont forgetif you are shy, you are not the only one.要点5: Shyness can cause people some trouble, but scientists say you can get over your shyness by trying new things and practicing conversation.Shyness is becoming more
17、 and more common, and scientists have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. Some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. You may also be shy because of where you were born, as different countries/cultures shape peoples attitudes towards failure, which affects
18、 shyness. Shyness can cause people some trouble, but scientists say you can get over your shyness by trying new things and practicing conversation.若将上述的所有要点连句成文，便得到了这样一段概要：点评：该概要完全覆盖了文章全部要点，但是有多处表达抄袭原文。仔细观察，我们发现本概要多处涉及表达原因的内容， 因此，在表达微技能中，我们将聚焦如何表达因果关系。3.表达微技能之因果关系12 因果关系词原因原因account for; be a result
19、/cause of; be a (leading/major) cause of; be responsible for; be a contributing factor; be to blame（for); lie in ; play a (major) role/part in; result from; as a result/consequence of; because ofdue to; owing to; on account of; thanks to结果结果bring about; cause sb to do; contribute to lead to; give ri
20、se to; as a result; accordingly; consequently; therefore; thus; so; so that一、根据要求完成下列句子改写和翻译1.不同的文化造就了人们对于失败的不同态度，因此，也造成了人们不同程度的害羞。_ the fact that different cultures shape peoples different attitudes to failure, people growing up in some cultures tend to be more shy than others. Different cultures s
21、hape peoples different attitudes to failure. _, people growing up in some cultures tend to be more shy than others.5.牛刀小试Due to; Owing toAs a result; As a consequence; Consequently; Therefore2. 因特网的广泛使用引起了社会的巨大变化。 The popularity of the Internet _ enormous changes in society. The Internet is being wi
22、dely used, which _. (用非限制性定语从句) The Internet is being widely used,_. (用现在分词作结果状语) has brought abouthas brought about enormous changes in societybringing about enormous changes in society3. 以下是几个可能导致害羞的原因。（一句多译） _. (account for) _.(contribute to) _.(responsible for) Here are some possible reasons acc
23、ounting for shynessThe following are the possible reasons contributing to shynessThe following may be the factors responsible for shyness4. 家庭规模的大小也可能会导致害羞。（一句多译）_. (lead to) _. (cause sb. to do) _. (play a part in) Family size can also lead to some shynessFamily size may also cause people to be shy
24、Family size may also play a part in peoples shyness.5. 大量摄入盐被认为会引起高血压。(一句多译)_. (give rise to) _. (be to blame) _. (a contributing factor) High intake of salt is believed to give rise to high blood pressureIt is believed that high intake of salt is to blame for high blood pressureHigh intake of salt
25、is believed to be a contributing factor of high blood pressure参考范文欣赏 Shyness is becoming increasingly common. Now scientists have worked out the possible reasons for shyness. Some shyness is decided by genes. Family size may also play a role. Besides, where you were born can be another factor, as different cultures shape peoples attitudes towards failure. Surely, shyness can cause people some troubles, but scientists say people can get over it by trying something new and practicing conversation.THANKS
