1、第一单元writing for myself 文章讲解2Unit One Text A: Writing for Myself1. Introduction of the author2. Cultural Background4. Abstract of the Text3. Text organization5. Text A study6. Summary of Text A3Russell Baker (1925-)1. The Introduction of Russell Baker 41. The Introduction of Russell Baker A Pulitzer
2、Prize winner 普利策奖普利策奖An award for achievements in newspaper and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States.Distinguish achievements 5Discourse analysisnWhat type is this essay? A narration B description C exposition D argumentation记叙文记叙文描写文描写文说明文说明文议论文议论文6Discourse a
3、nalysisnWhat sequence/pattern does the author follow to compose the essay? A problem-solution B cause-effect C general-specific D time / chronological sequence问题问题-解决解决(问答问答)因果因果概括概括-具体具体时间时间 顺序顺序 Scan the text, try to find out all the time words, expressions and clauses.7What is the story? Retell p
4、lease.nsince my childhood in Belleville (Para. 1)nuntil my third year in high school (Para. 1)nwhen our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English (Para. 2)nlate in the year (Para. 3)nuntil the night before the essay was due (Para. 3)nwhen I finished (Para. 6)nnext morning (Para. 6) nt
5、wo days passed (Para. 6)nwhen I saw him lift my paper from his desk . (Para. 6) nwhen Mr. Fleagle finished (Para. 9)8Detailed learning910The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took
6、 hold. 从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。the possibility of becoming a writerParagraph 1-1:* 11Words and Expressions:off and on / on and off:from time to time, now and again, irregularly有时，不时地有时，不时地断断续续地断断续续地12take
7、 hold:ideas/habits。 taken hold 。Bad habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.Words and Expressions:生根，确立生根，确立become established坏习惯很难摆脱。这就是为什么坏习惯很难摆脱。这就是为什么/所以你在所以你在（抽烟）习惯养成前应该戒烟。（抽烟）习惯养成前应该戒烟。13 Until then Ive been bored by everything associated with English cou
8、rses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。味。Paragraph 1-2:*14bore:Words and Expressions:make sb. feel tired and lose interestPatt
9、ern:使（人）厌烦使（人）厌烦15associate: vt. 人们经常把中国和长城、埃及与金字塔联系起来。人们经常把中国和长城、埃及与金字塔联系起来。People often associate China with the Great Wall, and Egypt with pyramids.join or connect together; connect or bring in the mindWords and Expressions:联系，联想联系，联想16Words and Expressions:associate: vt. 联系，联想联系，联想（派生词）（派生词）17co
10、mpose / write 写作写作painful I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote.Difficult sentences:homework 作业作业18 turn out:1. produce, makeWords and Expressions:培养，生产、制造培养，生产、制造The school has turned out some great scholars.19Words and Expr
11、essions: turn out:2. prove (to be)结果是，证明为结果是，证明为The plan turned out (to be) a failure.20Words and Expressions: turn out:3. shut off, switch off关掉，熄灭关掉，熄灭21Paragraph OnenHeading of Para One: Bakers Feelings about English Courses.22Detailed learningnWhen did the story take place?nHow old is the author
12、?232. Cultural Background Grade schools in the U.S.:U.S. students generally go through Kindergarten elementary school (to 5th or 6th grade.), middle school (grades 6-8 ) or junior high schools ( grades 7-9), high schools (grades 9-12 or 10-12).“the third year in high school” (Para 1) equals “the ele
13、venth grade” (Para 9).24 When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. 弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。 Paragraph 2-1:What information we get from this phr
14、ase?Before Mr. Fleagle became Bakers English teacher, all English courses were dull or boring.Paraphrase this sentence:When it was decided that Mr. Fleagle would teach us English druing my third year in high school, I expected the E course to be as boring as before.25Synonyms:劳拉觉得乔治很无趣，所以决定不再见他。劳拉觉得
15、乔治很无趣，所以决定不再见他。Laura found George to be tedious and decided not to see him any more.boringWords and Expressions:tedious:boring and lasting for a long time令人厌倦的，乏味的，烦人的令人厌倦的，乏味的，烦人的dulldeadly26Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very fo
16、rmal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. Paragraph 2-2:old-fashionedsb is said/ reported/believed to be / do (据说，据报道，人们认为据说，据报道，人们认为/相信相信)- It is said thatOpposite: up-to-date 最新的最新的fashionable 时尚的时尚的27Other collocations:establish/build up/make reputation 树立树立/博得声誉博得声誉Words and Expressions:reputation
17、:Have a reputation for卓别林以喜剧而著名。卓别林以喜剧而著名。名声，声誉，名气名声，声誉，名气ruin reputation 损害名誉损害名誉28 The Presidents speech inspired us greatly.Words and Expressions:inspire:fill (sb) with confidence, eagerness, etc.激励，激励， 启发，赋予（灵感）启发，赋予（灵感）29To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim. He wore priml
18、y severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic
19、antique.How many “prim” or “primly” are used? Translate them please.Paragraph 2-3:我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟。一丝不苟。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬
20、彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。个滑稽的老古董。30Mr. Fleagledullness & inabilityformal,rigid, out of date,excessively primsixty or seventyprimly severewavy, primly cut & primly combedprim suit with . primly pointedprimly straightprim, correct, gentlemanlyBy selecting details, the author creates an unfavorable image of Mr.
21、 Fleagle, his formal English teacher.Reputaion:Impression:Age:Eyeglasses:Hair:Clothes:Jaw:Nose:Manner of speaking:31To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties primly a
22、gainst the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique.Paragraph 2-3:我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。发剪得笔齐
23、，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟。一丝不苟。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。个滑稽的老古董。32Describing peopleDescribing a person does not usually mean giving a detailed description of a persons physical appearance. A better way to answe
24、r the question is to say what sort of person he or she is and perhaps to mention a few noticeable characteristics.33Describing a person? How ?n1. Who is he?n2 . H i s p h y s i c a l descriptionn3. His clothingn4. His personalityn5. His background 1.General personal impression2. Age 3. Height, weigh
25、t, build or figure4. Face, hair, eyes, complexion1.Interests, sports, and hobbies2.Their life so far: achievements, family 34nCrayon is a famous cartoon image, which is popular among youth.nHe is a tiny little boy. nNot much than 100cm tall, with plum round cheeks and big eyes.nHe wears a blue schoo
26、l uniform, with a matching hat.nHe is very naughty and cute.3536Sister Lotus She is an internet celebrity (star).She is a plump woman, with long wavy hair and pink-and-white cheeks.She is spicy in a way, with a fancy evening dress.37Paragraph TwonHeading of Para. 2: Bakers Impression of His New Engl
27、ish Teacher.Part One: Main Idea38Part One: Main IdeaPara 1:Para 2:The main idea of Part One:Baker was bored by everything associated with _, including _.English coursesessay writingBakers feeling about English coursesBakers impression of his new English teacher.39I prepared for an unfruitful year wi
28、th Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed.Paragraph 3-1:40Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a home-work sheet offering us a choice of topics. 后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。Paragraph 3-2:41tackle
29、:Words and Expressions:deal / cope with东芝设计了一种机器人，几乎可以处理所有的家务。东芝设计了一种机器人，几乎可以处理所有的家务。应付，处理，解决应付，处理，解决42这种工厂遍布全国。这种工厂遍布全国。This kind of plant is distributed in many areas in China.Words and Expressions:distribute:divide and give out among people, places, etc.分发，分配，分送，分发，分配，分送，分布分布distribute leafletsdi
30、stribute test papersdistribute samples 散传单散传单送样品送样品发试卷发试卷43None was quite so simple-minded as “What I Did on My Summer Vacation,” but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due.我把作文题带回家，但一直到要交作业的前我把作文题带回家，但一直到要交作业的前一天晚上还什么也没写。一天晚上还
31、什么也没写。Paragraph 3-3:silly, dull记暑假一件事，暑假见闻，记暑假一件事，暑假见闻， 暑假二三事暑假二三事44 书明天到期。书明天到期。The book is due tomorrow.When is the rent due?Words and Expressions:due:(to be) scheduled, arranged or expected (for a certain time or date)预定，约定，预期，该预定，约定，预期，该的的45Words and Expressions:due to:owing to, because of由于，由由于
32、，由引起引起The accident was due to careless driving.The teams success was largely due to the efforts of all its members.46Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was “The Art of Eating Spaghetti.” 我躺在
33、沙发上，最终不得不我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在粗一看。我的目光落在“吃吃意大利细面条的艺术意大利细面条的艺术”这个这个题目上。题目上。Paragraph 3-4:47nSpaghetti with tomato saucenIs eating Spaghetti an art?nFor Chinese, hard to imagine!nFor westerners, Spaghetti is the staple food. Yes.48nEating spaghetti with
34、 a fork and a spoon .nA polite way?nTwirl the fork to gather the spaghetti around the prongs.nchopsticks49既然你女儿已经出生了，你就应该承担起做父亲的责任。既然你女儿已经出生了，你就应该承担起做父亲的责任。In the competitive society, we will have to face up to every challenge before us. Now that your daughter is born, youll have to face up to the r
35、esponsibilities of being a father.face up to:Words and Expressions:be brave enough to accept/deal with 勇敢地接受或对付勇敢地接受或对付 50face up to the fact that Words and Expressions:face up to:勇敢地接受或对付勇敢地接受或对付face up to a problem face up to a difficulty51Paragraph ThreenHeading of Para. 3: A Topic That Attracts
36、Bakers Attention52This title produced an extra-ordinary sequence of mental images. 这个题目在我脑海里唤这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的起了一连串不同寻常的图像图像.Paragraph 4-1:53Words and Expressions:sequence:set of events , numbers, actions, etc (in a particular order). 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序A sequence of bad harvests forced
37、some African countries to ask for foreign aid.连续的欠收迫使一些非洲国家请求外国援助。连续的欠收迫使一些非洲国家请求外国援助。54Words and Expressions:sequence: 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序55Many pop stars try to improve their public image by participating in charity events.self-image 自我形像自我形像Words and Expressions:image:a picture formed in
38、 the mind形像，印象，图象形像，印象，图象56Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table - Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal - and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days
39、. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti, and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. Paragraph 4-2:生动的，栩栩如生的生动的，栩栩如生的*57Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table - Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Dor
40、is, Uncle Hal - and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper.Difficult sentence:Vivid memories came flooding back 清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来Vivid memories of a night in Belleville when all of us came flooding back.贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们般涌来，当时，我们 58All the good humor of Uncle Allens hous
41、e in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着该中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。 respectable: socially acc
42、eptable 可敬的，可敬的， 体面的体面的C.f.: respect respectablerespectfulrespectiveParagraph 4-3:59Words and Expressions:recall:1) bring back to mind, rememberPattern: n. / v.-ing / that-clause回想起，回忆起回想起，回忆起60Paragraph Four nHeading of Para 4Vivid Memories the Title Brought Back-This paragraph serves as a flashbac
43、k.61*Paragraph 5-1:How many “wanted” are used? Think about the function of the repetition here.62To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition Id learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else fo
44、r Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也肯里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它一个不及格。定会打它一个不及格。 *Paragraph 5-2:63这些发现违背了物理原则。这些发现违背了物理原则。These findings appear to violate the laws of physics.sviolation n.violate:Words and Expressions:ac
45、t against, break (a rule), disturb违背，违反，侵犯违背，违反，侵犯64Paragraph FivenHeading of Para. 5:Bakers Sudden Desire to write about that Topic.Part Two: Main Idea65Part Two: Main IdeaPara 3:Para 4:Para 5:a topic that attracts Bakers attentionvivid memories the title brought backBakers sudden desire to write a
46、bout the topicBaker found himself attracted by_ and wrote about it _.The main idea of Part Two:one particular topicfor his own joy66When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. 等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔
47、先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。 What can I do?*Paragraph 6-1:67John Lennon composed the song “Beautiful Boy” for his son.Words and Expressions:compose: 1) write or create (music, poetry, etc.)写作，创作，谱曲写作，创作，谱曲约翰为他的儿子写了一首歌。约翰为他的儿子写了一首歌。68compose, comprise, consist, make up, constitute, include,
48、 containWords and Expressions:compose: 2) make up, form构成，组成构成，组成The medical team is composed of three doctors and two nurses.69There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyones b
49、ut mine.第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。 There was no choice but to do sth. I could do nothing but do sth.What would be the result?*Paragraph 6-2:70turn on / off / down / up / back / out / over / toWords and Expressions:turn in:hand in (work that one has done,
50、 etc.)交（作业）交（作业）You are required to turn in your homework in time.c.f.71I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the classs attention. 我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他
