1、课后作业(二十一)Starting out & Understanding ideas.单词拼写1_ (幸运的是), no one was hurt on the plane, which later landed safely in the citys airport.2The ocean is home to a whale and a _ (鲨鱼). 3People keep a dog to _ (吓唬) away thieves.4He took a deep breath and _ (潜水) into the lake.5The company has _ (以为目标) adul
2、ts as its primary customers.6The greatest discovery of all time is that a person can change his future by merely changing his _ (态度)7The species in this area is in danger of _ (灭绝).用方框内短语的适当形式填空due to； have an effect on； come across； be based on； be scared of； by mistake； cut off； the other way arou
3、nd； protect.from.1He was accused of stealing money from the girl but in fact _.2They were almost completely _ from the outside world because of the terrible earthquake.3My coat isnt there, so I guess someone must have taken it _.4We must do everything we can to _ the animals _ extinction.5_ the bad
4、traffic, I was late for work this morning.6Those violent TV shows might _ the childrens bad behaviour.7Almost every child _ something, from monsters to dogs.8Have you ever _ anything exciting on your way to school or back home?9The film Ne Zha was a great success this summer. It _ an ancient myth in
5、 China.完成句子1与其待在家里，我宁可去购物。_， I prefer to go shopping.2大雨不仅会冲走土壤，还会引起严重的水灾。Heavy rain would _ wash away the soil _ cause serious floods.3我们学生应该对学习保持积极的态度。We students should _ our study.4当他正沿着这条街开车时，他看见两个小偷正从一家商店里冲出来，朝一辆等候的汽车跑去。When he was driving along the Street, he saw two thieves _ and running tow
6、ards a waiting car.5这部电影获得了巨大的成功，吸引了大量观众并赢得了许多奖项。The film was a great success, attracting huge audiences and _.6这比赛定于星期六下午在城市体育场举行。The match _ this Saturday afternoon in the citys stadium.课文语法填空It is actually a longheld idea that sharks are 1._ (danger) animals, especially after the film Jaws hit th
7、e screen. Jaws gave an account of how sharks pull swimming people underwater, 2._ (attract) huge audiences and winning many awards. This film encouraged people to hunt and kill sharks. As a result. 3._ number of large sharks fell 4._ (quick), making it one of the endangered 5._ (animal). Another 6._
8、 (contribute) factor is finning. Every time there is finning, the sea floor would be covered with dead sharks. That had an unexpected effect 7._ Peter Benchley, the writer of the book on 8._ Jaws was based. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. That was why he
9、 9._ (fight) to protect sharks by first admitting that his book was wrong about sharks behaviour. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from 10._ (extinct).阅读理解A(CNN)This photograph of two men sharing a drink 30 meters below the water is part of an art proj
10、ect exploring the mysterious world of freedivinga form of underwater diving that relies on a divers ability to hold his or her breath until resurfacing rather than on the use of oxygen tanks (氧气瓶)Each man, dressed in shirt, jeans and sunglasses, sits in a chair at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea wit
11、h local sharksharmless to humansswimming just meters away. Of course, these arent ordinary men, but freedivers: extreme athletes who dive on a single breath of air.American photographer Lia Barrett had been taking pictures of brave divers competing at the Caribbean Cup off the coast of Honduras, whe
12、n she decided to create a fantastic underwater world in which humans go about everyday taskssuch as drinking coffee or riding bikes.“After the competitors had a great time in the new national and world records set at the competition, I took advantage of their breathholding skills to do photo shoots
13、I had only dreamed of before，” said the 29yearold photographer.Perhaps unsurprisingly, Barrett is often asked whether the amazing pictures are photoshopped. She laughs quietly as she insists theyre 100% real.The picture of two men having coffee took 50 minutes to create, with the men receiving oxyge
14、n from standby assistants around every three minutes.“On the way back up, we were holding onto the table during our decompression (减压) stop in the strong current (水流)it was quite a scene，” said Barrett.The underwater models made an 11minute stop on the way back to the surface, making sure they didnt
15、 rise too quickly and suffer decompression sicknesswhich can cause deadly blackouts (眩晕)1The photograph mentioned in the first paragraph _.Ahas set a new world recordBaims to call on people to protect sharksCrealizes the photographer Barretts dreamDis one activity of the Caribbean Cup2The Caribbean
16、Cup held off the coast of Honduras mainly shows competitors _.Aswimming skills BPhotoshop skillsCphotography skills Dbreathholding skills3Many people think the picture of two men having coffee below the water is _.Anot real Bnot perfectCnot surprising Dnot interesting4Why did the two models make an
17、11minute stop on the way back to the surface?ATo have more photographs taken.BTo enioy the underwater world.CTo bring back the table.DTo avoid getting sick.BGoing green seems to be a fad (时尚) for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we cant really say, but for the two of us, goin
18、g green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April 22,2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 36
19、5 different green things to do and this was no easy task.With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to he
20、lp the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic (有机的) stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we dont need. We have given away h
21、alf of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of homemade fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.Our minds have been changed by Our Green
22、 Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.5What might be the best title for the passage?AGoing GreenBProtecting the PlanetCKeeping OpenMindedDCelebrating Our Green Year6It was diff
23、icult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because _.Athey were expected to follow the green fadBthey didnt know how to educate other peopleCthey were unwilling to reduce their energyDthey needed to perform unusual green tasks7What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Yea
24、r?AThey chose better chemical cleaners.BThey ignored others ungreen behaviour.CThey tried to get out of their ungreen habits.DThey sold their homemade food.8What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe government will give support to the green project.BThe couple may continue their project in the
25、future.CSome people disagree with the couples green ideas.DOur Green Year is becoming a national campaign.七选五Youve seen news reports about people who need help after a natural disaster, or TV programmes about how lonely and isolated (孤立的) older people can get. Maybe youve walked past people who are
26、living on the streets. _1_ The answer: you can volunteer. Volunteering gives you an opportunity to change peoples lives, including your own. Helping others in need is such an important part of life. So how do you go about it?Find whats right for you.Volunteering isnt school. _2_ You can choose what
27、really interests you and who or what is most deserving of your time._3_After youve discovered what interests you, decide how much time you want to spend and what fits into your schedule.Expand your mind.Volunteering is a great way to learn new skillsfrom working as part of a team to setting and reac
28、hing goals. _4_ And it can help you develop a new understanding of people who are different from youpeople with disabilities, people in financial problems, sick kids, or the elderly.Feel good.Volunteering helps people feel they make a differencethat they do have the power to change things for the be
29、tter. When people depend on you, it can change the way you look at yourself. _5_ Volunteering is also a great way to get a view on your own life.AChange things for the better.BFind what fits your schedule.CYou can feel proud of what youve achieved.DSo what can you do about any of those things?EDoing
30、 something for others helps people to change the world.FInstead of having the choices made for you, youve got to pick.GIt can give you a chance to discover what kinds of things youre best at and enjoy most.语法填空Each year 1._ (thousand) of tourists visit the polar regions of the Arctic and Antarctica.
31、 But the increasing number of people traveling to the ends of the Earth can have 2._ negative effect on fragile ecosystems. Should tourists 3._ (allow) to visit polar regions?About 40,000 tourists visit Antarctica each year. More than five million travel to the Arctic and subArctic. Transporting tou
32、rists to the regions 4._ (increase) ship and airplane traffic, adding to the risk of pollution, oil spills, and other 5._ (environment) damage. Because the places where wildlife is accessible 6._ (be) few in number, tourist traffic can become concentrated in specific areas, 7._ (put) Arctic vegetati
33、on (植被) at risk.Others say that access 8._ these very special parts of the world should not be restricted to only researchers and scientists. Polar tourism allows people to develop deep 9._ (person) connections with polar regions. “Those 10._ travel to the Arctic or Antarctica often become cheerlead
34、ers for supporting those places，” Jim Sano, vice president for travel and conservation at World Wildlife Fund, told TFK.课后作业(二十一)Starting out & Understanding ideas.单词拼写1Fortunately2.shark3.scare4.dive5.targeted6.attitude7extinction.用方框内短语的适当形式填空1the other way around2.cut off3.by mistake4.protectfrom
35、5Due to6.have an effect on7.is scared ofe across9was based on.完成句子1Rather than stay at home2.not onlybut also3.take a positive attitude to/towards4.rushing out of the shop5.winning many awards6.is due to take place.课文语法填空1答案与解析：dangerous考查形容词。句意：事实上，人们长久以来都认为鲨鱼是危险的动物，尤其是在电影大白鲨上映后。dangerous危险的。2答案与解析
36、：attracting考查非谓语动词。句意：大白鲨讲述了鲨鱼是如何把游泳的人拖到水下的，吸引了大批观众并赢得了许多奖项。attract与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故用attracting。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。句意：因此，大型鲨鱼的数量迅速下降，成为濒临灭绝的动物之一。the number of的数目。4答案与解析：quickly考查副词。句意：同上。设空处修饰谓语动词，故应用副词。5答案与解析：animals考查名词复数。句意：同上。one of名词复数表示“之一”。6答案与解析：contributing考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个影响因素是猎鳍。contributing facto
37、r影响因素；起作用的因素。7答案与解析：on考查固定搭配。句意：那对Peter Benchley产生了意想不到的影响。have an effect on意为“对产生影响”。8答案与解析：which考查定语从句。句意：大白鲨就是以这本书为基础(拍摄)的。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作介词on的宾语，先行词为the book，故填which。9答案与解析：fought考查动词的时态。句意：那就是为什么他首先承认他的书中关于鲨鱼行为的内容是错误的，以此来争取保护鲨鱼。根据语境可知，应当使用一般过去时。10答案与解析：extinction考查名词。句意：如今，随着我们对鲨鱼的了解越来越多，想保护它们免
38、于灭绝的人比以往更多了。.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了美国摄影师Lia Barrett拍摄的模拟人类在水中生活的场景的作品。1答案与解析：C细节理解题。由第三段中的to create a fantastic underwater world in which humans go about everyday tasks和第四段中的to do photo shoots I had only dreamed of before可知，29岁的美国摄影师Lia Barrett梦想在水下拍摄人类进行日常活动的愿望实现了。即第一段中提到的照片实现了摄影师Barrett的梦想。故选C
39、。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。由第三段中的brave divers competing at the Caribbean Cup和第四段中的I took advantage of their breathholding skills可推知，在洪都拉斯海岸举办的该项比赛主要展示了潜水选手的憋气能力。故选D。3答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Perhaps unsurprisingly, Barrett is often asked whether the amazing pictures are photoshopped.可知，Barrett时常被问到她的令人惊奇的照片是否是用计算机软
40、件处理过的，由此可知，很多人认为这张照片不真实。故选A。4答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段The underwater models made an 11minute stop on the way back to the surface, making sure they didnt rise too quickly and suffer decompression sicknesswhich can cause deadly blackouts(眩晕)。可知，在返回海面时，为了预防可能会导致致命性眩晕的减压病的发生，潜水模特缓慢上升，并在中途停留了11分钟。故选D。B【语篇解读】这是
41、一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇培养环保的生活方式并去影响身边人的经历。5答案与解析：A标题归纳题。根据文章围绕作者和妻子在生活中逐步形成环保的生活方式，并且用自己的行动去影响他人，使环保的生活方式普及化可知，文章标题为Going Green。6答案与解析：D细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things.”可知，对于作者夫妇来说，一年的环保生活难点就在于他们必须挑战自己去完成一些
42、非同寻常的环保任务。7答案与解析：C细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things that could be done to help the environment.”及文章第四段可知，作者及妻子在这一年中不仅改变了以往不环保的生活习惯，而且还教育他人培养环保的生活习惯。8答案与解析：B推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“Our minds
43、have been changed by Our Green Year.”可知，适应了一年的环保生活，作者及妻子很庆幸能有机会去尝试这样的生活方式，由此可推断，环保生活将会继续下去。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。志愿活动给了我们改变他人的生活和我们自己的生活的机会。帮助有需要的人是生活中非常重要的一部分。本文介绍了志愿服务是如何帮助他人和志愿者自己的。1答案与解析：D根据设空处后一句The answer: you can volunteer.可知，设空处要提出问题，D项符合语境。2答案与解析：F设空处后一句You can choose what really interests you
44、 and who or what is most deserving of your time.中的choose和F项中的youve got to pick相呼应；设空处前一句Volunteering isnt school.与F项中的Instead of呼应。故选F项。3答案与解析：B此空是小标题，应该用短小精练的祈使句，所以在A项和B项中选择。根据下文中的what fits into your schedule可知B项(找到适合你的时间表的活动。)切题。此处关键词为schedule。故选B项。4答案与解析：G根据本段语境可知本段讲志愿活动的好处，G项讲的是志愿活动使我们有机会发现我们最擅长
45、、最喜欢的事情，符合语境。G项中的It指代的是上文中的Volunteering，且G项与设空处后一句的结构相似。故选G项。5答案与解析：C根据上文it can change the way you look at yourself可知，C项(你可以为自己所取得的成就感到自豪。)承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了每年有成千上万的游客前往北极和南极地区，人们对此持有不同的观点。1答案与解析：thousands考查数词。句意：每年有成千上万的游客前往北极和南极地区。thousands of“成千上万的”，为固定词组。故填thousands。2答案与解析：a考
46、查冠词。have an effect on“对有影响”，为固定搭配，又因为negative以辅音音素开头，因此应使用不定冠词a。故填a。3答案与解析：be allowed考查动词的语态。句意：游客们应该被允许参观极地地区吗？根据句意可知，此处应使用被动语态。故填be allowed。4答案与解析：increases考查主谓一致。句意：运送游客到该地区增加了船只和飞机的交通。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Transporting tourists to the regions，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填increases。5答案与解析：environmental考查形容词。此处修饰名词damage，应使用形容词。故填environmental。6答案与解析：are考查主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；且主语为the places，谓语动词应使用复数形式。故填are。7答案与解析：putting考查非谓语动词。此处与主语tourist traffic构成逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填putting。8答案与解析：to考查介词。
