1、Unit5 Developing ideas一、单词拼写1.Emitting too much greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide lies at the(根源) of global warming. 2.Currently, timely (发现) and isolation is still the best method to deal with the novel coronavirus epidemic situation.3.Each time we smoke, we breathe in about a million particl
2、es for each cubic (厘米).4.When computers are networked, they are l together so that information can be transferred between them.二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空drive.away; after all; dance to; side by side; tiny amounts of1.I thought you might know the expert. , youre also a famous person in this area.2.From the stud
3、y, the researchers confirm that the Martian atmosphere contains onlywater. 3.People believe that the tea leaves picked on the day of Guyu can make eyes clear and bad luck. 4.On festival days they gather in the plaza to the sound of wooden pipes and drums.5.Talking to each other, the two men walked t
4、hrough the long gallery.三、阅读理解Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot.When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws.But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.Some plants h
5、ave their own ways to keep animals away.For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grasseating animals.Holly on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches.This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.Some plants, such
6、as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.Some grass may contain a sandy material；eating such grass wears down the animals teeth.Many plants also have chemical defenses.Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction.Some plants
7、 may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals.When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.Many plan
8、ts depend on both physical and chemical defenses.A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液)A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.1The leaves of the holly plant have mor
9、e spines on the lower branches because most animals_.Aare not tall enoughBlike the lower leaves onlyCare not clever enoughDcan get the lower leaves easily2To defend themselves, oak trees use _.Achemical meansBphysical meansCbitter chemicals Dsandy materials3How does tobacco protect itself against an
10、 attack from a caterpillar?AIts leaves fight against the attack by physical means.BIts roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.CIts roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.DIts leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.4What would be the best titl
11、e for this passage?APlants and AnimalsBHow Plants Defend ThemselvesCAttacks and DefensesDHow Animals Eat Plants Leaves四、阅读七选五Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen n
12、ew memories.2We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain
13、can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.3Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.4The synapses(突触) in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between n
14、eurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new experiences.The research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over ti
15、me even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seemed to be protected and stayed the same size.5“You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.B.Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C.Similarly, wh
16、en people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E.Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F.“Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed t
17、he idea.G.Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.一、单词拼写1.root2.detection3.centimetre4.linked二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空1.After all2.tiny amounts of3.drive away4.dance to5.side by side三、阅读理解1.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lower leaves are easier for most
18、animals to reach.可知，冬青树底部叶子上的刺比上部多的原因是动物更容易够到底部的叶子。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.可知，橡树的叶子又厚又硬，很难被动物吃掉。所以橡树使用的是物理方法来保护自己。故B项正确。3.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemic
19、al messenger.This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.可知，当毛毛虫叮咬烟叶时，烟叶会产生一种化学信使，这个信使会把信息传送到树根以分泌出更多的尼古丁来驱赶毛毛虫。4.B标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理方法，有些采取了化学方法。四、阅读七选五1.C根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed to s
20、leep,they die within a month.可知如果实验鼠不睡觉,一个月内它们就死了。同样,人几天不睡觉,就会生病。人和动物形成对应,死和生病形成对应,故选C。2.E前一句提到睡觉有助于我们加强新的记忆。所以学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉,他们在测试中就会表现得更好,前后为因果关系,故选E。3.F根据下文中的he可知,此处要提到一个人以及他的理论,正好F项中有,故选F。4.G根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知,他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验,G项有关键词synapses和mice,都与他的实验有关,故答案为G。5.B根据后一句提到的You keep what matters“你记住重要的东西”可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来,前后逻辑关系顺畅,故选B。第8页（共8页）
