1、Language points1. for sure = for certain 确切地；一定；肯定确切地；一定；肯定 e.g. 1) 我明天一定打给你！我明天一定打给你！ Ill call you tomorrow for sure/ certain. 2) 你周五能来打球吗？你周五能来打球吗？ - 我还不能确定。我还不能确定。 - Are you coming to play on Friday? - I dont know for sure/ certain. 3) 口语中还用于表赞同，口语中还用于表赞同，“当然可以当然可以” - 下周一起吃午饭吧？下周一起吃午饭吧？ - 当然可以。当然
2、可以。 - Lets have lunch together next week. - For sure. / Sure./ Certainly. /Of course复习：复习：make sure of / that be sure/ certain to do (1)(1)表示表示“确定确定” “确信确信” of /about sth./ doing sth. of /about sth./ doing sth. that clause that clause to do to do of /about sth. of /about sth. that clause that clause
3、(2)be /feel sure of oneself (2)be /feel sure of oneself 对自己有信心对自己有信心be suremake sure2. run out与与 run out of 1) run out 用完了用完了 ( = be used up ) ,不及物词组；其不及物词组；其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。 e.g.他的钱很快就花完了。他的钱很快就花完了。 His money soon ran out .= His money was soon used up. 2) run out 也有也有“流出流出 ”的意思，但不
4、可接宾语。的意思，但不可接宾语。 3) run out of “用完了用完了 ”,表示主动含义，主语一般是表示主动含义，主语一般是人。人。 e.g. 他在下个发薪日前就把钱花光了。他在下个发薪日前就把钱花光了。 He ran out of money before the next payday. = He used up his money before the next payday. 4) run out of +宾语宾语 “从从流出流出 ”，“跑出跑出”的意思的意思 My moneyMy money . I must go to the bank . I must go to the
5、bank to draw some of my savings before I have to draw some of my savings before I have done.done.A. has run out BA. has run out Bis running outis running outC. has been run out D. is being running C. has been run out D. is being running outout-Have we-Have we food?food?-Yes,-Yes, . We d better buy .
6、 We d better buy some.some.A.run out of ; we have run it outA.run out of ; we have run it outB.run out of ; our food has run outB.run out of ; our food has run outC.run out; our food has been run outC.run out; our food has been run outD.run out ;our food has run outD.run out ;our food has run outrun
7、 against 和和 (对抗对抗)；竞选；竞选 run after 追逐，追求追逐，追求 run away 逃跑逃跑run into sb. 遇到某人遇到某人run over 回顾，回想回顾，回想 run through 浏览浏览 run out 逃开，用完逃开，用完 run across 无意间碰到无意间碰到 in the long run 从长远的观点看来，毕竟，终究从长远的观点看来，毕竟，终究in the short run 从短期看来，在短期内从短期看来，在短期内 run有关的短语：有关的短语： 3. rely on / upon sb. / sth依赖某人或某物依赖某人或某物 re
8、ly on sb. to do指望某人做某事指望某人做某事 rely on it that clause 放心放心.指望指望.e.g. 1) 现在人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。现在人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。 Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help / to help us . 2) 我指望你早来。我指望你早来。 I relied on your coming early. 3) 你别指望她能说真话。你别指望她能说真话。 She cannot be relied on to tell the truth . 4)你可以放心，这项
9、工作将提前完成你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成 You can rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time. 其他类似的短语：其他类似的短语：depend on4. get rid of ( = get of ) 处理掉、去掉、摆脱处理掉、去掉、摆脱 e.g. 我们得把这些旧图片处理掉。我们得把这些旧图片处理掉。 We have to get rid of these old pictures . 这个年轻人决心改掉坏习惯。这个年轻人决心改掉坏习惯。 The young man made up his mind to get r
10、id of his bad habits. 摆脱：摆脱：break away from5. load huge spaceships with waste materials loadwith 用用装满装满; be loaded with 装满了装满了/结满了结满了/ 长满了长满了（沉甸甸（沉甸甸的感觉）的感觉）e.g. 农民在卡车上装满了土豆。农民在卡车上装满了土豆。 The peasant loaded the truck with potatoes. 马车上全是枪支。马车上全是枪支。 The carriage was loaded with guns. 树上果实累累。树上果实累累。 Th
11、e tree is loaded with fruits. Icy temperatures have damaged thousants of Icy temperatures have damaged thousants of trucks and trains trucks and trains with food, coal with food, coal and passengers in the most servere winterand passengers in the most servere winter in 50 years in southern China.in
12、50 years in southern China.A. loading; seenA. loading; seenB. loading; seeingB. loading; seeingC. loaded; sawC. loaded; sawD. loaded; seenD. loaded; seen6limit n(事物的事物的)界限；限度；极限界限；限度；极限 vt.限定；限定；限制限制归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)set a limit toput a limit on限制；对限制；对加以加以限制限制to the limit达到极点达到极点within limits适度地，有限地适度地，有限
13、地(2)limit sth.to限定；把限定；把限制在限制在limit sb.to (doing) sth.限制某人做某事限制某人做某事(3)limited adj.有限的，受限制的有限的，受限制的be limited to局限于局限于They attempt to They attempt to puput a limit on consumer t a limit on consumer waste.waste.他们试图设定消费者的浪费限度。他们试图设定消费者的浪费限度。No fishing is allowed within a twentyNo fishing is allowed w
14、ithin a twentymile mile limit.limit.2020英里以内不准垂钓。英里以内不准垂钓。I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day.I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day.我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。The teaching of history should not be limited The teaching of history should not be limited to time and figure.to time and f
15、igure.历史教学不能只局限于时间和人物。历史教学不能只局限于时间和人物。7 7charge charge vt.vt.控告；指控；要价，收费；使充满控告；指控；要价，收费；使充满n n看管；费用；控告；掌管看管；费用；控告；掌管归纳拓展归纳拓展补充：补充：charge v.1.收费收费 charge sb some money for sth. e.g. 这俱乐部对使用场地收了我这俱乐部对使用场地收了我20元。元。 The club charged me 20 for using the courts.2. 指控某人指控某人 charge sb. with sth. e.g. 警察指控他谋
16、杀。警察指控他谋杀。 The police charged him with murder. The police charged LiTianyi with raping a girl with other four boys.3. 冲锋，冲刺。冲锋，冲刺。( into/ down/ around) e.g. 大卡车突然冲进了商店。大卡车突然冲进了商店。 The lorry suddenly charged into the shop. 4. （给（给）充电）充电 (chargeup ) e.g. 电话不充电就没法使用。电话不充电就没法使用。 The phone wont work if i
17、t isnt charged up.The police charged him with careless driving.警察指控他开车疏忽。警察指控他开车疏忽。The hotel charged me 10 for a room for one night.那个旅馆一个房间一晚上收了我那个旅馆一个房间一晚上收了我10英镑。英镑。He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.经理不在时，他留下来负责这个经理不在时，他留下来负责这个商店。商店。The park is open to the public free o
18、f charge.公园对公众免费开放。公园对公众免费开放。费用：费用：charge , cost , expense charge 表示费用时指的是某种表示费用时指的是某种“收费收费”或或“征费征费”cost 表示费用时指的是为某中目的的表示费用时指的是为某中目的的“支出性的、支出性的、投资性的、成本性的投资性的、成本性的”费用。费用。expense 表示费用时，指的是各种可能的表示费用时，指的是各种可能的“开支、开支、消费消费”，常用复数形式。，常用复数形式。 The _ of the construction was great . Farmers find it hard to pay
19、school _ for their children. The _ of living tends to grow higher and higher . costchargeexpense【链接训练链接训练】She was complaining that the doctor was _ too much for the treatment he was giving her.Aexpending Boffering Ccosting Dcharging【解析解析】句意为：她一直报怨医生收费过高。句意为：她一直报怨医生收费过高。charge“要价，收费要价，收费”，符合题意。，符合题意。
20、A项项“花费花费(时时间、精力、金钱等间、精力、金钱等)”；B项项“出价、开价出价、开价(买买)”；C项项“使花费使花费(主语为物主语为物)”。【答案答案】D同类辨析同类辨析charge与与accusecharge与与accuse都含有都含有“控告；谴责控告；谴责”的意思。的意思。(1)charge指指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉正式法律控诉”。(2)accuse指指“当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法庭庭”。例句：例句：They accused him of taking bribes.他他们指控他受贿。们指控他受贿。8. at
21、 the flick of a switch (尤指通过使用计算机尤指通过使用计算机)迅迅速地，轻易地速地，轻易地e.g. 汽车总动员汽车总动员2里的里的Mater可以轻易的改变外形。可以轻易的改变外形。 Mater in Cars 2 can change his appearance at the flick of a switch.9. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their
22、 head.1)people with disabilities = disabled people - disable - disabled able - disability - ability probable - probability capable capability possible possibility responsible responsibility 9.attach (v.) 1)把某物系在、缚在或附在另一物上把某物系在、缚在或附在另一物上 2)使隶属于使隶属于每件行李上都加上标签每件行李上都加上标签 Attach a label to each piece of
23、luggage你在年底前将暂属于这一部门。你在年底前将暂属于这一部门。 Youll be attached to this department until the end of the year. attach sth. to sth. 将某事物与另一事物相联系。将某事物与另一事物相联系。 你认为他说的话重要吗？你认为他说的话重要吗？ Do you attach any importance to what he said ? attach to sb. 与某人相关联，归于某物与某人相关联，归于某物 这件事不怪你。这件事不怪你。 No blame attaches to you in thi
24、s affair . 【链接训练链接训练】I will _ a document to the letter.Please sign it and mail it back to me as soon as possible.Asend Battach Cfix Dfollow【解析解析】考查固定短语考查固定短语attach.to.“将将固定到固定到上上”。句意为：我将一份文件附在信上。句意为：我将一份文件附在信上。请签字后速寄回给我。请签字后速寄回给我。【答案答案】BWeve grown very _ to this house and would hate to move.Aattache
25、d BresponsibleCresistant Dcontrary【解析解析】句意为：我们十分留恋这所房子，句意为：我们十分留恋这所房子，真舍不得搬家。真舍不得搬家。be attached to sb./sth.“依恋、留依恋、留恋、酷爱某物恋、酷爱某物(人人)”；be responsible to sb.“为自为自己的行为对己的行为对(主管或上级主管或上级)承担责任承担责任”；resistant to“抵抗，对抗抵抗，对抗”；contrary to“与与相反相反”。根据句意可知答案为根据句意可知答案为A。【答案答案】A10. be optimistic about 对对乐观乐观 be pe
26、ssimistic about 对对悲观悲观 optimism 乐观主义乐观主义 pessimism 悲观主义悲观主义 optimist 乐观主义者乐观主义者 pessimist 悲观主义者悲观主义者 11. at a given moment 在既定的时间在既定的时间e.g. 在特定情况下，这些方法中不止一个可以使用。在特定情况下，这些方法中不止一个可以使用。 In a given situation, more than one of these methods may be used.拓展：拓展：given可以引导条件从句可以引导条件从句 e.g. Given that you can
27、not avoid it, you need to learn how to manage it. 如果不能避免，就应该学会如何应对。如果不能避免，就应该学会如何应对。12. Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future. 我乐于活在当下，顾不上考虑将来。我乐于活在当下，顾不上考虑将来。13. guitar music is on the way out. 即将被淘汰，即将过时即将被淘汰，即将过时14shape vt.做成某物的形状；定形；做成某物的形状；定形；(使使)成成形；对形；对有重大影响；进展；使有重大影响；进展；
28、使(衣服衣服)合身合身n形状；外形；样子；身段形状；外形；样子；身段归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)in shape在形状上；身体状况良好在形状上；身体状况良好be in bad shape情况处于混乱状态；健康情况情况处于混乱状态；健康情况不佳不佳in the shape/form of以以的形式；某种形状的形式；某种形状的的out of shape状况不佳；变形；走样状况不佳；变形；走样(2)shape.into.做成做成(某事某事)；塑造成；塑造成(某形状某形状)shape.from.用用材料使材料使成型成型例句：例句：The pool was in the shape of a heart.游泳
29、池呈心形。游泳池呈心形。Considering how old the car is，it is not in bad shape.这么老的汽车，车况就算不错了。这么老的汽车，车况就算不错了。Marys sweater has stretched completely out of shape.玛丽的毛衣撑得完全走样了。玛丽的毛衣撑得完全走样了。The children are shaping the sand into a tower.孩子们把沙子堆成塔形。孩子们把沙子堆成塔形。【链接训练链接训练】He keeps far too many things in his pockets, so
30、 his suit looks badly out of_. Adate Bstyle Corder Dshape 【解析解析】考查考查out ofn.的用法。的用法。out of date“过时过时”；out of style“不再流行不再流行”；out of order“出故障，有毛病出故障，有毛病”；out of shape“变形变形”。句意为：他在口袋里装了许多东西，因此他的西装句意为：他在口袋里装了许多东西，因此他的西装看起来严重走形了。根据题意可知答案为看起来严重走形了。根据题意可知答案为D。【答案答案】Dbe made of e.g. 这窗子是由钢和玻璃组成的。这窗子是由钢和玻璃
31、组成的。The window is made of steel and glass. (看得看得出原材料出原材料)be made frome.g. 这种纸是由树木制成了。这种纸是由树木制成了。This paper is made from wood. (看不出原材料看不出原材料)be made out ofe.g. 这雕塑是由一大块石头制成的。这雕塑是由一大块石头制成的。 This sculpture is made out of a big stone. (强调成品出自某整体的原材料强调成品出自某整体的原材料)consist of (主动语态主动语态)e.g. 这个公司由这个公司由10个部门组成。个部门组成。This company consists of 10 departments.由由组成；组成；由由构成构成
