1、Unit 4 A glimpse of the future A卷 基础练习2021-2022学年高二英语外研版(2019)选择性必修三单元测试AB卷本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分）第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A More than one million single-use straws (吸管), most of them plastic, are used in the United States each day. They end up in w
2、aterways,harm sea animals, and break down into micro-plastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem. Straw materials: advantages and disadvantages 1. Metal Made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even titanium, metal straws hav
3、e become popular. They draw some criticism for having a metallic taste and conducting heat from a hot drink, but theyre strong and can be reused. 2. Paper Paper drinking straws, which date from the late 1800s, often absorb liquid over time and can leave a taste or fibers in drinks. Theyre the most p
4、opular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans. 3. Glass Though glass straws may be more breakable and thus less portable than reusable straws of other materials, they hold up well to washing and reuse. Some straws are made to look artistic, with colors and blown-glass designs. 4. Bamboo
5、This natural material can be sustainably produced and is a plant-based replacement of plastic straws. Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer. They are reusable but can be hard to clean completely and may absorb flavors.1. What is the major problem with plastic straws?A. Func
6、tion. B. Flavor. C. Weight. D. Pollution. 2. Which of the following belongs to single-use straws?A. Metal straw. B. Paper straw. C. Glass straw. D. Bamboo straw. 3. what is the advantage of the bamboo straw?A. It can become fertilizer. B. It is easy to clean. C. It is portable and bendable. D. It ha
7、s different designs. B Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into his back and regrew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car
8、. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step on a long journey. The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻子的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly regrows. The
9、 idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and put it into an area that doesnt repair itself, Professor Raisman said. Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidykas spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a
10、 bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves. Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. I think the moment of discovery for me was when I first saw a rat that couldnt control its
11、 hand put its hand out to me in 1997. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true. Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thoug
12、ht impossible has been realized. David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe. What youve got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks
13、 like a totally brighter place than it did yesterday, he said.1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose?A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.C.Cells in the nose reproduce rapidly.D.He just wanted to give it a try.2.Why d
14、id the operation work for Darek Fidyka?A.The nasal cells reproduced and spread quickly.B.The nerves from his ankle cured the injury.C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe th
15、e nervous system can be repaired?A.His study on animals.B.His operation on a paralysed patient.C.His sudden thoughts about cells.D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.4.What do David Nicholls words suggest?A.The world is becoming better and brighter.B.Paralysed people have the hope of recovery.C.
16、The report of the breakthrough will be published soon.D.Researchers across the globe will carry out the operation immediately.C If youre the kind of person who loves travel but finds it difficult to break down language barriers, you may want to check out ICONSPEAK, a T-shirt covered in basic pictogr
17、aphs (图画文字) ranging from clocks to bathrooms. Simply point to the symbol associated with your need, and hopefully, the person youre talking to will understand you soon. I can tell you that its better than having to make gestures to strangers. ICONSPEAK is the brainchild of friends George and Florian
18、. They were traveling through Asia in 2013 and found themselves in a remote village with no vehicle, no tourism, and just some locals. The problems they had while trying to express their needs to the locals inspired them to start working on a simple yet effective solution to the language gap. Two ye
19、ars later, they came up with the ICONSPEAK T-shirt. In the furthest and deepest corners of our world we were repeatedly left with no words, either in breathtaking awe (赞叹) due to the scenery or in empty silence due to our lacking linguistic talents, its website states. Such situations got us thinkin
20、g about how to bridge (消除)language barriers with simplicity on a global level. The answer came to us after a remarkable experience in Vietnam: ICONs. Because with ICONs, you can SPEAK, and you can SPEAK to the world. The ICONSPEAK collection consists of three types of T-shirts long, short, sleeveles
21、s as well as large bags and hats that feature fewer icons. The products are available internationally through the website, with the founders attesting that they can work anywhere in the world. I have used it in Norway, said George. It works beautifully the people you ask are surprisingly quick in ge
22、tting what you want or mean since they are anyway thinking in a certain context. If you point to the bus and the clock on the shirt and you do this at a bus stop, anybody will know that you want to know when the next bus leaves. ICONSPEAK is a clear example that the answer to complex problems can be
23、 very simple. I have yet to try the shirt, but somehow I have no doubt that it actually works. It might not always help, but for common problems, like finding a telephone, the nearest hotel or an ATM, ICONSPEAK seems like a good solution.1.What should people do when they turn to the ICONSPEAK T-shir
24、t for help?A.Draw a picture on it.B.Scan the pictographs on it by phone.C.Point to the symbols on it.D.Use the translation equipment built in it.2.Whats Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.How ICONSPEAK was born.B.How ICONSPEAK was advertised.C.What concepts ICONSPEAK conveys.D.What contributed to ICONSPEAKs
25、 popularity.3.What does the underlined word attesting in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Suspecting.B.Proving.C.Remembering.D.Deciding.4.What does the example of ICONSPEAK indicate?A.Successful people tend to be creative.B.Cultural differences deserve to be valued.C.Traveling is the source of inspiration.D.We ma
26、y find easy solutions to the headache.D The dangers of sitting all day are obvious. Researchers have shown that remaining sitting for extended periods of time (like at your 9-to-5 desk job) can do harm to your health. While exercise is a big part of reducing the harmful effects of sitting, it is unc
27、lear how many gym periods are needed to help-until now. A new study, published in The Lancet, shows the ideal formula for reducing the negative effects of a sedentary (久坐的) job. Instead of a fixed number of hours spent exercising, the ratio (比率) depends on how much you sit: people who work a typical
28、 eight-hour day should spend at least one hour each day moving. If you sit six hours a day, you should spend half an hour exercising. The research also indicates that the exercise doesnt have to be all onceor rigorous (严格的).It can be spread throughout the day and be as simple as walking. The team be
29、hind the study analyzed data from a pool of a million adults over the age of 45 in Western Europe, the United States, and Australia. Using previous data, the researchers examined data from 16 published studies and used it to determine how much exercise is required to compensate for sitting. Their re
30、commended daily exercise goal is higher than previous advice but not necessarily less achievable, given it can be completed throughout the day. Fitting in an hour of exercise a day sounds especially discouraging if you have a desk job, but there are plenty of workouts you can complete before and aft
31、er work. Even if it means taking a 10-minute walk during lunch, your body will thank you in the long run.1. What do the underlined words compensate for probably mean?A. Make up for. B. Break away from. C. Give up. D. Take the place of. 2. According to the new study, good news for the people working
32、long hours at desk is that _. A. workouts may reduce the harm of sitting for longB. the harm of sitting for long has been provedC. they dont have to exercise as long as suggested previouslyD. the time spent on exercise is flexible3. What can be inferred from the article?A. The best form of workouts
33、is walking. B. The longer you exercise, the better. C. The new exercise goal is practical though higher. D. A desk job makes it impossible to exercise regularly. 4. How does the second paragraph mainly develop?A. By example. B. By process. C. By comparison. D. By contrast. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
34、阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Five ways to improve creativity Creativity is the ability to go beyond traditional rules, ideas or relationships and create something new through imagination or progressiveness. There are many ways to improve your creative mind. Exercise the mind. Exercisin
35、g your mind is an ideal way to improve creativity. Like the body, the mind needs exercise to work the creative muscles and make them stronger. Exercise your brain by learning new subjects, getting into an argument about politics and talking to other creative and intelligent people. _ Be enthusiastic
36、. One aspect of creativity is enthusiasm. _ Find your internal motivation and follow your enthusiasm to improve your creativity. Change your routine (常规). _ To improve your creativity, consider changing one to two parts of your daily routine. If you are working on a certain project, consider stoppin
37、g one project to work on another project at regular intervals throughout the day or week. Read. While reading provides many intellectual benefits, reading is also beneficial for improving creativity, exercising your brain and providing creative inspiration. _ Consider reading about subjects that wer
38、e previously uninteresting to you. This change in the norm(常态) might arouse your creative interest. _ Our packed schedules have no room for creative thinking. Take a certain amount of time every day to quiet, refresh and clear the mind while relaxing the body. This quiet time can consist of yoga or
39、simply sitting still in a dark and quiet room, in a peaceful garden or on a beautiful beach. A.Schedule quiet time. B.Creativity is a natural quality. C.It can become weak due to stresses. D.These activities will encourage a flow of creativity. E.Often, creativity is stopped due to a too familiar ro
40、utine. F.Read as much as possible about several different subjects. G.Typically, students will do well in subjects they are interested in.第二部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分）第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） Dear Wang Shi, How is it going? Thank you for your interest in joining the school 1 team. As you know, our 2 has a
41、great reputation, but we are always 3 new talent to sharpen the team for the future. It is not usual for a freshman to be selected, 4 it is wonderful to hear that you are finding strength in teamwork and that basketball is giving you a 5 in life. If you are 6 for the school team, the following is wh
42、at our talent scouts are always looking for. Firstly, you need to show us that you can 7 intensely, intently and effectively basketball. This means that you are always concentrating on the play, moving on the court, running for balls, and strong in both defense and attacking 8 . We need to see that
43、you can take charge of the ball, control your opponents, take shots and 9 goals for our team. So, you will need to work on your skills in these areas. Trust me and this hard work will really 10 off when we are searching for new players. Secondly, the tallest players are not always the ones that get
44、11 . We are looking for strength, speed and skills, but we also want people who have good 12 , who are humble and who can act as team players. No individual can win a basketball match; its the team who gets to the rostrum, and our coaches are always emphasizing 13 both on and off the court. These ar
45、e the 14 that make for an outstanding basketball player. I hope these 15 can help you become a qualified basketball player and hope to see you when we start to recruit new members. Welcome to our school basketball team!Yours sincerely, Michael Jack1.A. footballB. basketballC. volleyballD. baseball2.
46、A. classB. schoolC. clubD. team3.A. investigatingB. questioningC. seekingD. testing4.A. butB. orC. forD.so5.A. possibilityB. lessonC. awardD. goal6.A. callingB. aimingC. answeringD. acting7.A. playB. buyC. makeD. borrow8.A. posesB. bouncesC. movesD. shots9.A. kickB. setC. keepD. score10.A. takeB. ke
47、epC. payD. switch11.A. chosenB. awardedC. promotedD. fired12.A. talentB. charactersC. shapeD. intelligence13.A. hardworkB. heroismC. individualismD. teamwork14.A. rulesB. qualitiesC. traditionsD. conditions15.A. tipsB. warningsC. requirementsD. announcements第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A humanoid named Sophia has made history _ becoming the first robot in the world with citizenship. The journalist, Andrew Ross Sorkin, made the_ (announce) at the end of an interview with Sophia. Sophia, weve just le
