1、Developing ideas知识点.重点单词一、写作单词记其形1._ n.周年纪念日2._ n.金额，款项3._ n.谷物，粮食anniversarysumgrain二、单词1.sardine n._2.dire adj._3.disrupt v._4.daunting adj._5.fortify v._6.shirk v._7.depict v._8.peer n._沙丁鱼极其严重的扰乱吓人的，使人气馁的激励，加强逃避描述，描写同龄人；同辈9.misty adj._10.breeze n._11.crowning adj._12.prominent adj._13.representa
2、tive n._memorate v._15.reaffirm v._16.collective adj._17.blueprint n._多雾的微风使圆满的，使完美的著名的，杰出的代表庆祝，为举行纪念活动重申，再次确定集体的；共同的蓝图三、拓展单词1.academic adj.学术的_ adv.学术上，学业上2.aggression n.侵略_ adj.侵略性的，好斗的_ n.侵略者，挑衅者3.intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的_ adv.智力上；理智地academicallyaggressiveaggressorintellectually4.associate vt.联想；
3、联系_ adj.联合的_ n.社团；联系；联想5.rough adj.简单的；粗糙的_ adv.粗糙地6.emerge v.出现；显露_ n.出现，浮现，发生7.invade v.侵略，侵袭_ n.侵略者，侵略军_ n.入侵，侵略associatedassociationroughlyemergenceinvaderinvasion 8.glory n.辉煌的成就；荣耀的事_ adj.值得称道的；光荣的；荣耀的；辉煌的9.dedicate vt.把奉献给_n.奉献_ adj.献身的，专心致志的10.relevant adj.有关的，切题的_ n.相关性_ adv.贴切地；得要领地gloriou
4、sdedicationdedicatedrelevancerelevantly.核心短语1._ 由于，因为2._ 按住；压制；压缩3._ 一笔4._ 冲破障碍；(在某领域)有进展或突破5.a sense of _6.fight against _7.track down _due tohold downa sum ofbreak through感与作斗争追查，追踪1.sum n.金额，款项；和，总和 v.概括；求的和教材原句In 1938，the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yangs head.1938年，日军拿出一大笔钱，要
5、杨的人头(1)a large sum of许多，大量the sum of 的数目；的总和in sum 总之，总而言之(2)sum up 总结，概括；简而言之，概括地说the I set aside a large sum of money for an emergency.我留出了一笔不小的钱以备不时之需。If they went for the circle，they would be rewarded with _ sum of the numbers17 in this example.(全国卷)在这个例子中，如果他们选择了圆圈，他们将得到这些数字的总和17。链接写作一句多译 总而言之，
6、我希望你能够不辜负我们学校的期望。我坚信努力学习会有回报的！(致辞)_，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!_，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!To sum upIn sum2.relevant adj.有关的，切题的教材原句Prepare a short
7、 presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic.就活动2中的一个主题准备一个简短的演示，或想另一个相关主题。(1)be relevant to与有关(2)irrelevant adj.无关紧要的，不相关的relevantly adv.贴切地；得要领地relevance n.意义，相关性irrelevant Recently,an outstanding movie festival will be held in our school.Welcome to join us
8、！Here are some relevant details about it.(告知信)最近，一场优秀的电影节将在我们学校举行。欢迎加入我们！这里有一些相关的细节。Be sure to stay on topic and not offer _(relevant)information.(全国卷)确保话题切题，而不是提供不相关的信息。It is investigated that many peoples illness is relevant _ polluted air.据调查，许多人的疾病与空气污染有关。to3.lay the foundation for 为奠定基础教材原句“Lia
9、nda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made，”Yang recalled.“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回忆道。lay aside把放一边lay off 解雇lay out 布置，安排，设计lay in 储备，贮存laid aside She _ her book and went to answer the phone.她把书放在一边去接电话。100，000 federal workers will be _ to reduce the deficit.为了减少赤字，10万名联邦工作人员将被解雇。He s
10、howed us how to _ a printed page.他教我们如何排版印刷品。laid offlay outlays a solid foundation for my success链接写作完成句子 My interest and skill in teamwork and sports contribute to my application for the job.Meanwhile,my experience of such kind of jobs _.(申请信)我在团队合作与运动方面的兴趣和技能有利于我申请这份工作。同时，我在这类工作方面的经验为我的成功奠定了坚实的基础
11、。4.hold down 按住；压制；压缩教材原句“On windy days，we had to hold down the paper on the desk，which would otherwise be blown away，”he said.“在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。hold on坚持；(打电话时用语)别挂断，等一下hold back 阻碍；克制；隐瞒hold up 举起；支撑；阻延hold out 坚持；伸出；递出hold on to 紧紧抓住5.fight against 与作斗争教材原句In 1937 Yang became le
12、ader of the Northeast AntiJapanese United Army and fought a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders.1937年，杨成为东北抗日联军领导人，并与日本侵略者进行游击战。fight for为而战/奋斗fight with 与并肩作战fight back 反击；克制1.Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops，while Nankai University was completely d
13、estroyed by bombing.北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。句型公式|while作连词的用法(1)while作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比；(2)while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”；(3)while还可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当时候”。walking Schools in the south tend to be better equipped,while those in the north are relatively poor.南方的学校设施往往要好一些，而北方的学校则相对差一些。While _(walk)back hom
14、e with an excited mind,I conceived many plans about how to dispose of it.(心理描写)当我怀着兴奋的心情走回家时，我想到了很多关于如何处理它的计划。While traveling can broaden your mind链接写作完成句子 _，I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(建议信)尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。【名师提醒】while引导的状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一
15、致或从句中的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be动词可同时省略。2.the nations intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。句型公式|not only.but(also).不但而且(1)not only A but also BB as well as A(2)not only.bu
16、t also.连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。(3)not only.but also.连接并列主语时，谓语动词的选择要遵循“就近一致”原则。(4)not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略。are Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents _(be)fond of watching football matches.不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜欢看足球比赛。Not only you but also he _(be)tired of having
17、one examination after another.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。is3.Only under difficult circumstances can students succeed.只有在困难的环境下，学生才能取得成功。句型公式|“only状语(从句)”位于句首的倒装“only状语(从句)”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把原句中的助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。具体用法如下：(1)当only位于句首修饰副词、介词短语时，句子用部分倒装。(2)当only修饰状语从句位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，而从句不用倒装。.语法填空There was a dyn
18、asty 1.(call)Zhou in the Chinese history.One day,the king of Zhou asked his 2.(official)for advice on dealing with the prisoners of war.An official said,“If you love someone,you 3.(suppose)to love even the crows(乌鸦)on the roof of his house,and vice versa(反之亦然).The prisoners of war are enemies 4.(fig
19、ht)against us.In my opinion,wed better kill them all.”But the king didnt agree with him.“I think we should treat the prisoners of war 5.(different)by separating those who are guilty from those who are not.The guilty ones will be sentenced 6._death in order to avoid future disasters.”Then another one
20、 said,“Your majesty,I think all the prisoners should be set free and sent back home to work in the fields and support 7.(they)by their own labor.Moreover,you should enforce strictly the rules of reward and 8._(punish).The people will believe in you 9.you govern our country by morals and laws.”The ki
21、ng thought the officials proposal was quite reasonable so he accepted and followed it.As 10.result,the domestic(国内的)situation soon settled down and gradually the country became stronger.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。中国古代的周朝皇帝向大臣们征求处理战俘的建议，他采纳了一位大臣的合理建议，国内局势很快安定下来，国家逐渐变得更加强大。1.called考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国历史上有一个称为“周”的朝代。分析句子结
22、构可知，此处dynasty和call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填called。2.officials考查名词的数。根据语境和下文有两位大臣发言可知，此处应该用名词的复数形式。3.are supposed考查时态和主谓一致。be supposed to do sth“应该做某事”。根据空处上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时，又因主语是you，故填are supposed。4.fighting考查非谓语动词。此处fight与enemies是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式作后置定语。5.differently考查词性转换。修饰动词treat应用副词，故填different
23、ly。6.to考查介词。句意：为了避免未来的祸患，有罪的那些人将被判处死刑。be sentenced to.“被判处(刑)”为固定词组，故填to。7.themselves考查代词。句意：我认为所有的囚犯都应该被释放，被遣送回家在地里干活，靠自己的劳动养活自己。support oneself“养活自己”，故填themselves。8.punishment考查词性转换。句意：另外，你应该严格实施奖励和惩罚的规定。and连接两个并列成分，空处应为名词，故填punishment。9.if考查状语从句。句意：如果你通过道德和法律来治理我们的国家，人民会相信你。根据语境可知，此处用if引导条件状语从句。10.a考查冠词。as a result为固定短语，意为“结果”。Thanks!
