1、表语从句表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。表语从句就是指一个句子作为表语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。一般结构为“主语系动词表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。1. 从属连词that引导的表语从句从属连词that的用法：无意义；不充当成分不可省略The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。2. 从属连词whether引导的表语从句The point is whether we should lend him the money.关键在于我们是否
2、应该借钱给他。3. 连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。This is what I am interested in.这就是我所感兴趣的。4. because，as if/though等引导的表语从句Its just because he doesnt know her.这仅仅是因为他不认识她。Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。5. why和becaus
3、e引导的表语从句的区别Thats why.意为“那是的原因”，强调结果Thats because.意为“那是因为”，强调原因I didnt phone her, and thats why she got angry with me.(强调“没打电话”这一结果)我没有给她打电话。那就是她对我生气的原因。I didnt phone her, and thats because I got angry with her.(强调“生气”这一原因)我没有给她打电话。那是因为我生她的气了。6. 表语从句中的虚拟语气在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，
4、suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should动词原形”(should可以省略)。My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible.我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。练习：1. Although a number of tombs have survived with little damage, the truth is _ all have suffered at least some harm from centur
5、ies of rain,war,fire and theft. (用适当的词填空)2. You have made great progress in English. This is _ you have improved your studying methods. (用适当的词填空)3. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. (按要求补全句子)4. The reason why he was sent to the hospital was _ he was ill. (用适当的词填
6、空)5. The beautiful view of the city is _ attracts me most. (用适当的单词填空)6. The problem with building the factory is _we dont have enough money. (用适当的单词填空)7. Pressure is _ you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something.(用适当的单词填空)8. It seems _ most houses have been destroyed by the storm.
7、 (用适当的词填空)9. One reason why there are so many French words in English is _ the French ruled England for quite a number of years. (用适当的单词填空)10. But it seems _ many people dont cook fish at home. (用适当的词填空)【答案】1. that 2. because 3. where 4. that 5. what 6. that 7. what 8. that 9. that 10. that【解析】1. 考查
8、表语从句连接词。句意：尽管有一些墓穴没有受到什么破坏，但事实是，这些墓穴都受到了至少几个世纪以来的雨水、战争、火灾和盗窃的侵害。分析句子结构可知，the truth is后连接一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且句意也完整，因此表语从句用连接词that引导。故填 that 。2. 考查表语从句连接词。句意：你在英语方面已经取得很大的进步。这是因为你改进了你的学习方法。分析句子可知，空格所在句为表语从句，This指代前文的“You have made great progress in English”，“英语进步很大”的原因是“你改进了你的学习方法”，故应用because来引导从句，意为“因为”，
9、“This is because”意为“这是因为”，符合句意。故填because。3. 考查表语从句。句意：你可以说每个人都应该是平等的，这正是我不同意你的地方。_ I disagree.是一个表语从句，在从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。4. 考查表语从句。句意：他被送到医院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词用来引导从句，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故应用that引导从句，只起连接作用，构成“The reasonwas that”，意为“的原因是”。故填that。5. 考查表语从句。句意：这座城市的美丽景色最吸引我。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格
10、处单词引导表语从句，从句中缺主语，指代句中的“这座城市的美丽景色”，为物，故应用what引导表语从句。故填what。6. 考查表语从句的引导词。句意：建工厂的问题是我们没有足够的钱。设空处引导句子在句子中作表语，从句表达完整的意思，不缺成分。故答案为that。7. 考查表语从句。句意：压力就是当你担心或不舒服的时候的感觉。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个表语从句且缺少主语，故用连接代词，此处指你所感觉到的东西。故答案为what。8. 考查表语从句。句意：看来大多数房屋都被暴风雨毁坏了。分析句子结构，seems为系动词，设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故填that。9. 考
11、查表语从句。句意：英语中有这么多法语单词的一个原因是法国人统治了英国很长一段时间。此处放在系动词is后面为句法完整的句子，用that引导表语从句。故填that。10. 考查表语从句。句意：但是似乎很多人不在家做鱼。从句位于系动词seem“似乎”后，是表语从句，从句中句意完整，用that引导表语从句。故填that。巩固训练单词默背1. Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amount in the diet for the n_ (正常的) growth and maintenance of life of animals, inc
12、luding man.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）2. Water is e_ (维持生命必需的) for all known forms of life.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）3. The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we need to _ (处理) them soon.（根据汉语意思填空）4. Genes determine the _ (特征) of every living thing. (根据汉语意思填空)5. He lost his leg when he was ten, but learned to _ (克服) his han
13、dicap. (根据汉语意思填空)6. It will also help people to use their l_ (休闲) time well. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)7. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of _ (化学制剂) in agriculture. (根据汉语意思填空)8. Most authorities agree that play is an _ (至关重要的) part of a childs development. (根据汉语意思填空)9. The plan received _ (广泛的) s
14、upport throughout the country. (根据汉语意思填空)10. You cannot a_ (假定) that a speaker of English is qualified to teach English for granted. (根据汉语意思填空)阅读理解Ninety-seven percent of Earths water is ocean. No blue, no green. If you think the ocean isnt important, imagine Earth without it. Fifty years ago, when
15、I began exploring the ocean, no one realized that we human being could do anything to harm the ocean.For me, as a woman scientist, it all began in 1953 when I first tried diving. In 1979, by using a submersible, I had a chance to reach the ocean floor which was six miles offshore and 1,250 feet down
16、. Since then, Ive used about 30 kinds of submarines. We need new deep-diving submersible. We need to see the undersea mountains and understand life in the deep sea. Exploring and protecting the wild ocean is my big wish.Whats worrying us is that an ice free Arctic Ocean may happen in this century. T
17、hats bad news for the polar bears. Additional CO2 is not only driving global warming, but also changing ocean chemistry, making the sea more acidic. Thats bad news for coral reefs and oxygen-producing plankton. Actually, nearly half of the coral reefs have disappeared. Were putting hundreds of milli
18、ons of tons of plastic and other rubbish into the sea. Were blocking the ocean, poisoning the planets circulatory system. Most of the turtles, sharks, tunas and whales are way down in numbers. All of these are part of our life support system. Health to the ocean means health for us. I wish we would
19、use all meansfilms, explorations, the web, new submarinesand campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas. My wish is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean, the blue heart of the planet. For the children of today, for tomorrows children:
20、as never again, now is the time.11. Why does the writer say “No blue, no green.” in the first paragraph?A. To tell us the colors of the earth.B. To refer to the ocean and the landC. To show the importance of ocean.D. To encourage us to explore the ocean.12. What should we do to protect the ocean acc
21、ording to the text?A. Make joint effortsB. Save life support system.C. Encourage children to take action.D. Explore the ocean by new technology.13. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Means.B. Campaign.C. Public support.D. Wish.14. Whats the writers attitude towards
22、the current situation of the ocean?A. Negative.B. Concerned.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.七选五Tips for Cutting the Cost of TravelWhether for pleasure or business reasons, it is normal for us to sometimes want to pack our bags, hit the road, and head to a new destination. 15 , it is not without its expe
23、nses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in ones pocket if not properly planned out beforehand. Below are several tips to ensure you dont end up too much out of pocket by the end of your travels. 16 . More often than not, people go directly to the airline websites to book their tickets
24、. But did you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize in finding cheap flights for travelers? This is a great go-to website whenever you want to book your flight.Choose a cheaper means of transportation. While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination for ease
25、and speed, flying isnt the only transport option available. Depending on where youre living and where youre headed, you can always select public transport. 17 .Dont use hotels. 18 By using Airbnb or any of its popular competitors, travelers have the opportunity to not only live like locals but also
26、spend far less. Use a travel credit card. When you apply for these cards, you can control opportunities like signing-up bonuses(红利), most of which are offered by airline credit cards. 19 You can save yourself a lot of money by way of extra miles, whenever youre ready to hit the road.A. Save on airfa
27、reB. Surf the website for ticketsC. While traveling is an exciting experienceD. These bonus points can help you increase a lot of milesE. Staying at someones house can be cheaper than booking a hotelF. So research whats available and choose the best option for your budgetG. If youre a budget sensibl
28、e traveler looking to reduce the travel costs写作（提纲类）假定你晨光中学的李津。你校的英文社团正在举办“How can we reduce garbage pollution”的征文活动。请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文投稿。(1)介绍垃圾污染的现状；(2)提出减少垃圾污染的措施(不少于两点)；(3)谈谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。注意：(1)词数不少于100；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；How can we reduce garbage pollution_答案单词默背【答案】1. normal 2. essential 3. tackle
29、 4. characteristics 5. overcome 6. leisure 7. chemicals 8. essential 9. widespread 10. assume 【解析】1. 考查形容词。句意：维生素是一种有机化合物，在日常饮食中小剂量对于动物的正常生长和维持生命是必需的，包括人类。该空修饰名词growth，用形容词，所以填normal。2. 考查形容词。句意：水对所有已知的生命形式都是必不可少的。根据汉语意思“维持生命必需的”可知应填形容词essential，作表语。故填essential。3. 考查动词。句意：问题不严重，不过我们还是需要尽快处理。根据汉语意思“处
30、理”可知应填动词tackle，且上文为短语need to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填tackle。4. 考查名词。句意：基因决定每个生物的特征。在定冠词the后应是名词；根据汉语意思；应是名词characteristic；“每个生物的特征”应是指多种特征，characteristic应用复数形式。故填characteristics。5. 考查动词。句意：他10岁时失去了一条腿，但学会了战胜自己的残疾。根据汉语意思“克服”可知应填动词overcome，且上文为短语learn to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填overcome。6. 考查形容词。句意：它也将帮助人们更好地利用
31、他们的闲暇时间。该空修饰名词time，用形容词，所以填leisure。7. 考查名词。句意：整个食物链都受到农业中过度使用化学制剂的影响。在介词of后应是名词；根据汉语意思，应是名词chemical；根据生活常识，应是指多种化学制剂，chemical应用复数形式。故填chemicals。8. 考查形容词。句意：大多数权威人士认为玩耍是孩子成长的一个至关重要的部分。根据汉语意思“至关重要的”可知应填形容词essential，修饰后文名词part，作定语。故填essential。9. 考查形容词。句意：这项计划得到了全国的广泛的支持。根据汉语意思“广泛的”可知应填形容词widespread，修饰后
32、文名词support，作定语。故填widespread。10. 考查动词。句意：你不能想当然地认为会说英语的人就有资格教英语。在情态动词cannot后应该接动词原形；根据所给汉语意思应该是动词assume。故填assume。阅读理解【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文中强调了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人类的破坏，作者认为海洋的健康意味着我们的健康，我们应该共同努力保护海洋。11. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ninety-seven percent of Earths water is ocean. No blue, no green. If
33、you think the ocean isnt important, imagine Earth without it.(地球上97%的水是海洋。没有海洋，就没有绿色。如果你认为海洋不重要，想象一下没有海洋的地球)”可推知，作者在第一段说“No blue, No green.”是为了显示海洋的重要性。故选C。12. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I wish we would use all meansfilms, explorations, the web, new submarinesand campaign to stimulate public support for ocean pr
34、otected areas.(我希望我们能利用一切手段电影、探险、网络、新潜艇和运动来激发公众对海洋保护区的支持)”可知，我们应该通过共同努力来保护海洋。故选A。13. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“I wish we would use all meansfilms, explorations, the web, new submarinesand campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.(我希望我们能利用一切手段电影、探险、网络、新潜艇和运动来激发公众对海洋保护区的支持)”以及画线词所在句“My wish
35、is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean”可知，作者认为自己的愿望是一个很大的愿望，但如果我们能实现它，这个愿望就能真正拯救和恢复海洋。故it指的是“愿望”。故选D。14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Health to the ocean means health for us.(海洋的健康意味着我们的健康)”以及“For the children of today, for tomorrows children: as never again, now is th
36、e time.(为了今天的孩子，也为了明天的孩子：永远不要再这样了，现在是时候采取行动了)”结合作者在文中强调了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人类的破坏，作者认为海洋的健康意味着我们的健康，我们应该共同努力保护海洋。可推知，作者对海洋现状持关心态度。故选B。七选五【答案】15. C 16. A 17. F 18. E 19. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减少旅行费用的一些小贴士。15. 根据下文“it is not without its expenses and those expenses are capable of drilling a hole in ones pocke
37、t if not properly planned out beforehand. (它不是没有费用，如果没有事先妥善计划，这些费用有能力在一个人的口袋掏出一个洞。)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系，内容与旅行有关，选项C中连词While表示转折，因此选项C“While traveling is an exciting experience (虽然旅行是一种令人兴奋的经验)”符合题意。故选C。16. 根据下文“But did you know that there are so many websites, like Traveligo, which specialize in finding
38、cheap flights for travelers? (但是你知道有很多像Traveligo这样专门为旅行者寻找便宜机票的网站吗？)”可知，此处是本段的小标题，内容与节省机票钱有关，选项A“Save on airfare (节省机票)”符合题意。故选A。17. 根据上文“While everyone likes to fly to their travel destination for ease and speed, flying isnt the only transport option available. Depending on where youre living and w
39、here youre headed, you can always select public transport. (虽然每个人因为方便和快速都喜欢坐飞机去他们的旅行目的地，但飞机并不是唯一的交通选择。根据你住的哪里和你要去哪里，你总可以选择公共交通。)”可知，此处内容与选择合适的交通工具有关，选项F“So research whats available and choose the best option for your budget (所以，研究一下什么是可用的，然后根据你的预算选择最好的选择。)”符合题意。故选F。18. 根据本段小标题“Dont use hotels.”和下文“t
40、ravelers have the opportunity to not only live like locals but also spend far less (旅行者不仅有机会像当地人一样生活，而且花费也少得多)”可知，此处内容与住当地人的家里可能比住酒店花费少有关，选项E“Staying at someones house can be cheaper than booking a hotel (住在别人家里可能比预订酒店便宜。)”符合题意。故选E。19. 根据上文“When you apply for these cards, you can control opportuniti
41、es like signing-up bonuses(红利), most of which are offered by airline credit cards. (当你申请这些卡时，你可以有机会得到如注册红利，其中大部分是由航空公司的信用卡提供的。)”可知，此处内容与红利积分的用处有关，选项D“These bonus points can help you increase a lot of miles (这些额外的红利积分可以帮助你增加很多里程。)”符合题意。故选D。写作（提纲类）【答案】At present, a great deal of garbage is being produ
42、ced every day. The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and people are suffering from the consequences of it.To solve the problem of garbage pollution, we are supposed to take some effective measures. First, we shoul
43、d economize on resources so as to reduce the amount of garbage. Second, we should sort the garbage properly so that they can be treated easily and differently. Third, reusable garbage should be recycled as much as possible.In my opinion, it is everyones responsibility to reduce garbage pollution. On
44、ly if we work together to reduce garbage pollution can we live in a better environment and leave a more beautiful world for future generations.【解析】这是一篇说明文写作。第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为写一篇短文；假定你晨光中学的李津。你校的英文社团正在举办“How can we reduce garbage pollution”的征文活动。请根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文投稿。(1)介绍垃圾污染的现状；(2)提出减少垃圾污染的措施(不少于两点)；(3)谈
45、谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：a great deal of（大量的），garbage pollution（垃圾污染），be surrounded by（被包围），be supposed to（应该）；economize（节约）；the amount of（的数量）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。范文内
46、容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world are now being surrounded by garbage and people are suffering from the consequences of it.运用了结果状语从句；Second, we should sort the garbage properly so that they can be treated easily and differently.运用了目的状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
