1、Unit 1 能力提升本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。第一部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节 （共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGrand Canyon Park Ranger ProgramsGuided Cedar Ridge Hike 7 am Daily(Meet at the South Kaibab Trailhead)A 3-mile (4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. Allow 4 hours. Minimum 2 liters of water per
2、person. Bring salty snacks, sunscreen, and wear hiking shoes. Not recommended for people with heart problems, or difficulty walking.Fossil Discovery Walk 9 am Daily(Meet at the Bright Angel Trailhead sign)Walk among sea creatures that lived on this part of the continent 270 million years ago, before
3、 the age of the dinosaurs. This easy 1/2-mile (0.8 km) one-way walk explores an exposed fossil bed.Critter Chat 9:30 am Daily(Meet at Grand Canyon Visitor Center)Learn about some of the Grand Canyons diverse wild creatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. Wh
4、eelchair accessible. Family friendly.Geology Walk 3:30 pm Daily(Meet at Yavapai Geology Museum)Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short introductory talk. Why is it so deep, wide, and grand? Why does it exist only here and nowhere else in the world?
5、Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.Note: Children must be accompanied by an adult in all programs. All programs are free of charge.1.What might you not experience in the programs above?A.Go on an exhausting hike.B.Walk the Trail of Time.C.Look for dinosaur fossils.D.Learn more
6、about existing animals.2.Which program is friendly to people with difficulty walking?A.Guided Cedar Ridge Hike.B.Fossil Discovery Walk.C.Critter Chat.D.Geology Walk.3.Where do you meet for the program introducing the formation of the Grand Canyon?A.At Yavapai Geology Museum.B.At the South Kaibab Tra
7、ilhead.C.At Grand Canyon Visitor Center.D.At the Bright Angel Trailhead sign.B Dont get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to
8、 the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term payoff of studying. For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting, says Professor Jatin Vaidya,
9、an author of the study. They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenagers best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults
10、. For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p. m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. Im not saying they shouldnt be allowed access
11、 to technology, says Vaidya. But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control skills. In their study, Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in ri
12、sky behavior because the frontal lobes(额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher-level reasoning. We wanted to try to understand the brains reward system and ho
13、w it changes from childhood to adulthood, says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. Weve been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe, he adds
14、. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate. In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological(神经学上的) aspects of their results.1.What does the passage mainly tell us?A.Always, rewards are attrac
15、tive to teenagers.B.Always, adolescents can resist rewards.C.Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.D.Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.2.What does the underlined word seductive in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Necessary.B.Attractive.C.Useful.D.Important.3.Which stat
16、ement agrees with Vaidyas idea?A.The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.B.Parents should help children in making decisions.C.Children should have access to the Internet.D.Children need help in refocusing their attention.4.What result does the teenagers brain underdevelopment lead to?A.Do
17、ing things after some thought.B.Making good decisions.C.Joining in dangerous actions.D.Escaping risky behavior.C Todays world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力),a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researcher
18、s from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence. BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence
19、gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school. There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers, Padilla-Walker said. This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistencewhich can be taughtare key to a childs life success. Researchers determi
20、ned that dads need to practice an authoritative parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and
21、 the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权). In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more
22、 likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school. This particular study examined 11-to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research
23、.(1).What is special about the BYU professors study?A.It centered on fathers role in parenting.B.It was based on a number of large families.C.It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.D.It aimed to improve kids achievement in school.(2).What would an authoritative father do when raising his ch
24、ildren?A.Ignore their demands.B.Make decisions for them.C.Control their behaviors.D.Explain the rules to them.(3).Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?A.Single parents.B.Children aged from 11 to 14.C.Authoritarian fathers.D.Mothers in two-parent homes.(4).Which o
25、f the following is the best title for the text?A.Three Characteristics of Authoritative FathersB.Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in FutureC.Children Tend to Learn Determination from FatherD.Family Relationship Influences School PerformanceDDuring the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I en
26、joyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among
27、whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-st
28、art interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequence
29、s. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the h
30、ighest in status based on student siirreys(调查研究). We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite
31、 effect on us.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play datesharing, kindness, opennesscarry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion:
32、Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, he said.1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of e
33、lementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lonely.C. Generous.D. Cool.2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.3. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find abou
34、t the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.4. What is the best title for the text?A. Be NiceYou Wont Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the BestYou Can Make ItD.
35、More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） If you are thinking about redecorating the home, you are probably searching about interior (室内的) decoration ideas. Redecorating presents a great chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interests. It will be easy
36、 to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction. _ Here are some tips on how to do so: Search some magazines. You can get dozens of home interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs. Some programs tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas._ Its a good way of comp
37、aring different styles. Here you can make distinction between broad styles, country, contemporary, etc. Fond of primitive style. If you are fond of primitive or traditional style, warmer colors are the best for the room. These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. _ Mo
38、dern style. If you like modern style, use brighter colors instead of white and off-white. Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light. Leather furniture matches the room: white or black with contrasting throw cushion (靠垫) per seating place. _ This ofte
39、n occurs anyway, especially if the people give you furniture or you inherit (继承) the same. If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them. This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.A.A white
40、 one on a black sofa suits here.B.There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.C.Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.D.The combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless.E.Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.F.Neve
41、rtheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.G.The walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time.第二部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节 （共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one abou
42、t a 1 is my mothers favorite.I was only two when the 2 occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and turned to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 3 to dash across the lawn(草坪)and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the tr
43、unk and 4 on my backside. Mom 5 me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I 6 myself up and kept right on going. Mom always adds here that, as many times as I 7 across the lawn after that, I never again 8 into that tree.Mom loves to use this story as an 9 It reminds her that childr
44、en dont enter life 10 to take risks or unwilling to try again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that 11 as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents home to
45、look for a 12 . Through years of 13 , I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high- need students.We are almost certain to get 14 at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, dont sit in the grass and cry. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be wort
46、h it 15 .1. A. tripB. raceC. treeD. driver2. A. incidentB. changeC. illnessD. problem3. A. delayB. absenceC. freedomD. rest4. A. landedB. sleptC. laughedD. wept5. A. promisedB. encouragedC. allowedD. expected6. A. wokeB. pickedC. warmedD. gave7. A. droveB. livedC. stoodD. zoomed8. A. crashedB. broke
47、C. climbedD. looked9. A. answerB. exampleC. excuseD. order10. A. ableB. ashamedC. afraidD. anxious11. A. honestyB. toughnessC. kindnessD. curiosity12. A. jobB. friendC. fortuneD. house13. A. memories B. effortsC. researchD. experience14. A. mixed upB. fed upC. knocked downD. settled down15. A. all at onceB. in the endC. in either caseD. as a result第二节 （共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sixty years ago, man firstly journeyed into outer space, _(symbolize) the start of outer space explorations._ decades of planning and construction went by, China possesses
