1、Unit 6 SurvivalUsing language一、完成句子1.在某种程度上,我们可以将造纸术和印刷术的发明与20世纪早期互联网的引入相媲美。In a way,we can compare the invention of paper and printing with the introduction of the Internet .2.有一些健康问题,如果不及时治疗,以后会酿成大问题。There are some health problems that,if not ,can become bigger ones later on.3.这名球员接受了两年的治疗,他很有可能在下
2、一场比赛中及时从伤病中恢复过来。The player was under a and the chances are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next race.4.法官裁定越狱的犯人没有犯罪,因为他被关押在恶劣的环境中。A judge has ruled that the prisoner who escaped from prison committed no offense because he had been held .5.这是这位年轻的歌手自成名以来第一次在他的家乡表演。 This is the f
3、irst time that the young singer has performed in his hometown since his fame.二、阅读理解In the past 50 years, the amount of water in the open ocean with zero oxygen has gone up more than fourfold. In coastal water bodies，including river mouths and seas, lowoxygen sites have increased more than tenfold si
4、nce 1950.Scientists expect oxygen to continue dropping even outside these zones as Earth warms.“Oxygen is fundamental to life in the oceans，” said Denise Breitburg, a marine ecologist with the Smithsonian Environmental Research Centre. “The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effect
5、s of human activities on the Earths environment. Actually, its a great loss to all the support services that rely on recreation and tourism, including hotels and restaurants and taxi drivers and everything else. The reverberations(严重影响) of unhealthy ecosystems in the ocean can be extensive.”In areas
6、 traditionally called “dead zones”， like those in Chesapeake Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, oxygen plummets(大幅下跌) to so low levels that many animals die. As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and theyre easier to be attacked or caught. But the problem goes far beyond “dead zones”. Ev
7、en smaller oxygen decline can prevent growth in animals, hinder reproduction and lead to disease or even death. It can also cause the release of dangerous chemicals such as nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas up to 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide. While some animals can boom in “dead zones”，
8、 overall biodiversity falls.Climate change is the key criminal in the open ocean. Warming surface waters make it harder for oxygen to reach the inside of the ocean. Furthermore, as the ocean as a whole gets warmer, it holds less oxygen. In coastal waters, too much nutrient pollution from land create
9、s algal blooms, which use up oxygen as they die and break down.Peoples livelihoods are also on the line, the scientists reported, especially in developing nations. Smaller fisheries(渔场) may be unable to relocate when low oxygen destroys their harvests or forces fish to move elsewhere. So we humans h
10、ave to carry on a war now and win the war.1What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?AThe ocean has been losing its oxygen.BThe amount of sea water is increasing.CThe coastal water bodies are dangerous.DEarth becomes warmer and warmer.2What can we infer from Denise Breitburgs words?ADifferent
11、oceans have different levels of oxygen.BThe decline in ocean oxygen has great influences.CThe future of tourism relies on the levels of ocean oxygen.DThe decrease in ocean oxygen is the most serious environmental problem.3How does the “dead zone” affect sea animals?AIt offers more food.BIt forms dan
12、gerous gas.CIt reduces their living areas.DIt produces more carbon dioxide.4How can we win the war according to the text?ABy closing smaller fisheries.BBy controlling humans bad activities.CBy improving peoples living standards.DBy stopping nutrients entering the ocean.三、完形填空When I was very young, I
13、 got badly burned by hot water. At that time, technology wasnt 1. I did get skin grafts(移植), but it was still pretty bad. Most of the damage was on my 2 and the skin was grafted from my leg, causing another large scar. As I grew up, I struggled with my scars. In beach pictures I would3 try to cover
14、up my leg with my hand or hold something in front of me. I would hide in a high-necked dress, or else 4 any swim-suit-wearing activities completely. I missed out on a lot of fun. I could not 5 the fact that I had these scars and that they were a 6. When I was 19, one friend said to me, “Michelle, st
15、op7! Your burns are battle scars. You need to 8 them like a medal of honor! ”9, it took me 15 years to discover she was 10. There are so many people with disabilities, but they didnt feel 11 for themselves like I was. Scars can be difficult to12. But in fact, its just damaged skin. Its not a life se
16、ntence. Im 13 that it took me so long to get over myself and my scars. Life is about so much more than worrying about the flaws(瑕疵) on our 14. Now what I once considered burdens are indeed just battle wounds I can carry with 15. 1. A. popularB. practicalC. fashionableD. advanced2. A. headB. backC. f
17、aceD. chest3. A. desperatelyB. similarlyC. happilyD. painfully4. A. postB. avoidC. organizeD. join5. A. get overB. find outC. go againstD. look into6. A. burdenB. honorC. dangerD. comfort7. A. showingB. quittingC. hidingD. talking8. A. careB. wearC. exhibitD. collect9. A. SimilarlyB. LuckilyC. Unfor
18、tunatelyD. Excitedly10. A. reliableB. rightC. fairD. honest11. A. pityB. regretfulC. puzzledD. angry12. A. hide awayB. look atC. deal withD. leave out13. A. surprisedB. convincedC. curiousD. disappointed14. A. lifeB. characterC. soulD. body15. A. respectB. responsibilityC. prideD. anxiety四、语法填空阅读下面短
19、文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Giant pandas are seen as living proof 1. _ conservation works, the numbers of which in the wild are recovering after years of decline. The distinctive black and white bear 2. _ (regard)as an “umbrella species”. That means protecting the mountain forests 3. _ they live has
20、 been good for many other animals, including birds and small animals that mainly feed on meat. Yet, according to a new study published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution, its a 4. _ (complete)different story for larger predators(食肉动物) such as leopards and wolves. Asian wild dogs have disappea
21、red from 95% of areas set up 5. _ (protect) pandas in the 1960s. Leopards, wolves and snow leopards have also been found much 6. _ (few) than before. Scientists in China say these four predators are being driven 7. _ near extinction by illegal hunting and destruction of 8. _(they) habitat. Conservat
22、ion efforts have often been based on protecting specific species such as the panda. But experts argue for a new approach that 9. _ (aim) to protect whole ecosystems, rather than focusing on a single species. Thus, the 10. _(disappear) of larger predators will hopefully slow down. 一、完成句子1.early in th
23、e 20th century2.treated in time3.two-year treatment4.in fierce conditions5.rise to二、阅读理解1.A段落大意题。通读第一段可知海洋面临的现状，在过去的50年里，海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多，低氧场所自1950年以来增加了十倍多。通过这些现状科学家预计，随着地球变暖，即使在这些区域之外，氧气含量也会继续下降，故选A。2.B推理判断题。根据第二段Denise Breitburg所说的话可知，海洋氧气的减少是人类活动对地球环境最严重的影响之一，这种不良的海洋生态系统的严重影响还会扩大，由此可见海洋氧气的减少有很大影
24、响，故选B。3.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的In areas traditionally called “dead zones” . oxygen plummets(大幅下跌) to so low levels that many animals die.As fish avoid these zones, their habitats become smaller and theyre easier to be attacked or caught.可知，在“死亡地带”，氧气大幅下跌，许多动物死去。当鱼类避开这些区域时，它们的栖息地变小，更容易被攻击或捕获，故选C。4.B推理判断题。根据第二
25、段中的The decline in ocean oxygen ranks among the most serious effects of human activities on the Earths environment.Actually, its a great loss to all the support services that rely on recreation and tourism, including hotels and restaurants and taxi drivers and everything else.可知，是人类活动导致了海洋氧气减少，所以要解决此
26、问题必须控制人类的有害活动，故选B。三、完形填空1.D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 当时, 技术并不先进。 popular受欢迎的; practical实用的; fashionable时尚的; advanced先进的。根据后文“I did get skin grafts, but it was still pretty bad. (我确实做了植皮手术, 但还是很糟糕。)”可知, 因为植皮手术不是很成功, 由此可知, 当时这项技术不先进。故选D。2.D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 大部分损伤都在我的胸部, 腿部皮肤被移植, 造成了另一个大疤痕。 head头; back背部; face脸; ches
27、t胸部。根据第二段“hold something in front of me. ”可知, 作者胸部有伤, 所以在沙滩边拍照时会在胸前拿东西挡着。故选D。3.A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 在沙滩上拍照片时, 我会拼命地用手遮住腿, 或者在我前面拿着什么东西挡着。 desperately拼命地, 不顾一切地; similarly相似地; happily开心地; painfully痛苦地。根据前文“. . . causing another large scar. ”可知, 因为作者身上有伤疤, 所以作者在沙滩拍照时, 拼命地用手遮住伤疤处。故选A。4.B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我会(把伤疤)
28、藏在高领连衣裙里, 或者完全避免任何穿泳衣的活动。 post邮寄; avoid避免; organize组织; join加入。根据本段第一句“As I grew up, I struggled with my scars. ”可知, 因为作者身上有伤疤, 所以作者避免穿泳衣的任何活动。故选B。5.A。考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 我无法接受我身上有这些伤疤, 它们是我的负担。 get over克服, 接受; find out找出; go against违反; look into调查。根据前文“I missed out on a lot of fun. ”可知, 因为作者无法接受自己的这些伤疤,
29、所以他错过了生活中的许多乐趣。故选A。6.A。考查名词词义辨析。burden负担; honor荣誉; danger危险; comfort安慰。根据前文“I could not _the fact that I had these scars”可知, 因为作者无法接受自己的这些伤疤, 所以这对作者来说是负担。故选A。7.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Michelle, 别躲了! showing展示; quitting放弃, 停止; hiding躲藏; talking谈话。根据前文描述“I would hide in a high-necked dress, or else _any swim-s
30、uit-wearing activities completely. ”可知, 作者总是掩藏自己的伤疤, 不想让别人看到。故选C。8.B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 你得像戴荣誉勋章一样戴着它们! care在乎; wear穿戴; exhibit展览; collect收集。因为作者身上有伤疤, 所以此处表示朋友建议作者要像戴荣誉勋章一样戴着它们。故选B。9.C。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 不幸的是, 我花了15年才发现她是对的。 Similarly相似地; Luckily幸运地; Unfortunately不幸地; Excitedly激动地。根据后文“it took me 15 years. . .
31、 ”可知, 因为作者花费很长时间才明白朋友说的话, 所以这对作者来说是不幸的。故选C。10.B。考查形容词词义辨析。reliable可靠的; right对的; fair公平的; honest诚实的。根据后文“There are so many people with disabilities, but they didnt. . . ”和“But in fact, its just damaged skin. Its not a life sentence. ”可知, 作者后来明白作者说的话是对的。故选B。11.A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 有那么多残疾人, 但他们不像我那样自怜。 pity
32、同情, 怜悯; regretful遗憾的, 后悔的; puzzled困惑的; angry生气的。根据转折连词but可知, 这是指残疾人不会对自己感到惋惜; feel pity for. . . 为感到惋惜, 固定搭配。故选A。12.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 疤痕很难处理。hide away隐藏; look at看; deal with处理; leave out排除, 不包括。根据前文描述的作者因为伤疤产生的生活障碍可知, 此处表示伤疤很难处理。故选C。13.D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 我很失望, 我花了这么长时间才战胜我自己和我的伤疤。 surprised惊讶的; convinced说
33、服的; curious好奇的; disappointed失望的。根据后文“it took me so long to get over myself and my scars. ”描述可知, 因为作者花了很长时间才克服自己对伤疤的心理阴影, 所以作者对自己感到失望。故选D。14.D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 生活不仅仅是担心我们身体上的缺陷。 life生活; character性格; soul灵魂; body身体。根据前文“But in fact, its just damaged skin. ”和前几段的描述可知, 作者建议我们不要担心身体上的缺陷。故选D。15.C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
34、 我曾经认为是负担的, 其实只是战场上的伤痕, 我可以骄傲地扛在肩上。 respect尊重; responsibility责任; pride骄傲; anxiety焦虑。根据前文“Now what I once considered burdens are indeed just battle wounds. . . ”可知, 作者现在认清了所谓的伤疤, 她可以自豪地去接受了。故选C。四、语法填空1.that。考查同位语从句连接词。句意: 大熊猫被视为保护工作切实有效的活生生的证据, 野生大熊猫的数量在经历多年的下降后正在恢复。空格处引导同位语从句解释说明proof, 从句句意完整, 成分齐全,
35、 应该用that引导同位语从句。故填that。2. is regarded。考查动词时态语态。句意: 这种独特的黑白相间的熊被认为是“伞形物种”。空处缺少本句的谓语。regard与bear存在动宾关系, 此处要用被动语态, 构成be+done结构。主语bear是单数形式, 根据句意可知, 应用一般现在时。故填is regarded。3.where。考查定语从句。句意: 这意味着保护它们生活的山区森林对许多其他动物有好处, 包括鸟类和以肉食为主的小动物。本句中, 先行词是forests, 作定语从句的地点状语, 用where引导。故填where。4. completely。考查副词。句意: 然而
36、, 根据发表在自然生态与进化杂志上的一项新研究, 对于像豹子和狼这样的大型掠食者来说, 情况就完全不同了。空处修饰形容词different, 用副词形式。complete完全的, 副词形式为completely。故填completely。5. to protect。考查动词不定式。句意: 在上世纪60年代为保护大熊猫而建立的保护区中, 95%的亚洲野狗已经消失。此处用动词不定式to protect作目的状语。故填to protect。6. fewer。考查形容词比较级。句意: 豹子、狼和雪豹的数量也比以前少了很多。根据than可知, 此处应该填写比较级, 且much修饰比较级。此处用fewer
37、作主语补足语。故填fewer。7. to。考查介词。句意: 中国科学家表示, 由于非法捕猎和栖息地的破坏, 这四种食肉动物正濒临灭绝。be driven to为固定搭配, 意思为: 被迫。to为介词, 与其后名词构成介宾结构。故填to。8. their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意同上。空处放在名词habitat前, 用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。9. aims/is aimed。考查主谓一致和固定短语。句意: 但专家们主张采用一种新的方法, 旨在保护整个生态系统, 而不是只关注单一物种。此句中包含定语从句, 先行词为approach, 作定语从句的主语。主语为单数形式, 根据主谓一致原则, 谓语动词用第三人称单数aims。aim to do意思为: 旨在做某事。也可以写成be aimed to do。故填aims/is aimed。10. disappearance。考查名词。句意: 因此, 大型掠食者的消失速度有望放缓。空处缺少句子的主语, 应该用disappear对应的名词disappearance, 且为不可数名词。故填disappearance。第17页（共17页）
