1、新课标语法项目一览表1、 词类1.名词(1)可数名词及其单、复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)及物动词和不及物动词(3)系动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词3.形容词(1)形容词的基本形式(2)形容词的比较级和最高级4.副词(1)副词的基本形式(2)副词的比较级和最高级5.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词6.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词7.介词8.连词9.冠词10.感叹词二、构词法1.合成法2.派生法3.转化法4.缩写和简写三、句法1.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句a.一般疑问句b.特殊疑问
2、句c.选择疑问句d.附加疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句2.句子成分:按结构分类*(1)名词短语(2)动词短语(3)形容词短语(4)副词短语(5)介词短语3.句子成分:按功能分类(1)主语(S)(2)谓语(指谓语部分的主要动词,也称谓词)(V)(3)宾语(O)(4)补语(C)(5)状语(A)(6)表语(P)(7)定语(Attr.)4.基本句型(1)主谓(主语+ 谓词,下同)(SV)The bus is coming.(2)主(系)表(SP)Amy is kind.(3)主谓宾(SVO)John opened the fridge.(4)主谓宾宾(SVOO)My uncle bought me a
3、 new dictionary.(5)主谓宾补(SVOC)Most students have found her helpful.(6)主谓状(SVA)The children stayed in the room.(7)主谓宾状(SVOA)You can put the dish here.(8)存现句There is a tree behind the shop.5.谓语动词的时态(1)一般现在(2)一般过去(3)一般将来 (4)现在进行 (5)过去进行(6)现在完成(7)过去将来* (8)将来进行*(9)过去完成*(10)现在完成进行*6.被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态(2)一般过
4、去时的被动语态(3)一般将来时的被动语态(4)现在进行时的被动语态*(5)现在完成时的被动语态*(6)过去进行时的被动语态*(7)过去完成时的被动语态*7.动词的非谓语形式(1)动词不定式(作宾语、补语、目的状语、定语*、结果状语*、主语*、表语*)(2)动词的-ing 形式(作定语*、状语*、补语*、主语*、宾语*、表语*)(3)动词的-ed 形式(作定语*、状语*、补语*、表语*)8.主谓一致9.并列复合句10.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句a.由关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose 和关系副词when、where、why 引导的限制性定语从句*
5、b.由关系代词which、who、whom、whose 和关系副词when 和where 引导的非限制性定语从句*(4)主语从句*(5)表语从句*(6)同位语从句*11.省略*12.倒装*13.强调*14.虚拟语气*新课标词汇Unit 1a(an)actiona(an)/;eI;n/art.(非特指的)一(个);任何一个abandon/bndn/v.放弃;遗弃;丢弃(信仰等)派生abandoned/bnd()nd/adj.被遗弃的;被离弃的;废弃的ability/bIltI/n.U能力(反inability);C才能;才识;技能able/eIb()l/adj.能;有能力的;能干的(反unabl
6、e)搭配(be) able to do sth.能够做某事同族词able,ability,ably,disability,disabled,enable,inability,unableabnormal/bnm()l/adj.反常的;不正常的;变态的aboard/bd/adv.上船(飞机、车等)prep.在船(飞机、车等)上about/bat/prep.关于;在周围adv.大约;四处搭配be about to do sth.正要做某事above/bv/prep.在上面(反below)adj.(只用于名词前)上面的adv.在上面abroad/brd/adv.到(在)国外搭配go abroad出国
7、at home and abroad在国内外absence/bsns/n.缺席,不在;缺乏搭配in/during sb.s absence在某人不在时in the absence of缺乏,不存在absent/bsnt/adj.缺席的,不在的 搭配be absent from缺席absolutely/bslutl/adv肯定地absorb/bsb/v.吸收;理解;吸引,使全神贯注搭配be absorbed in全神贯注于abstract/bstrkt/adj.抽象的n抽象派作品;概要abuse/bjuz/v.滥用;辱骂;虐待/bjus/n.滥用;辱骂;虐待academic/kdemIk/adj
8、.教学的;学术的n大学教师accent/ksnt/n.口音;腔调;重音accept/ksept/v.接受;接纳派生acceptable/kseptb()l/adj.可接受的access/kses/n.通道,入口;使用/接近的权利或机会v接近,进入;使用;存取搭配have/get access to有/得到的机会(权利)accessible/ksesIb()l/adj.易进入的;平易近人的accident/ksIdnt/n.(交通)事故;意外的事搭配by accident偶然,意外地bring about/cause/create an accident造成事故accommodation/kmd
9、eI()n/n.住处;住宿;工作场所;和解accompany/kmpnI/v.陪伴;为伴奏;伴随according to /kd t/ prep.据(所说);按(所报道);依照;按照;根据account/kant/n.描写,报道;账户;(pl.)账目 v认为搭配on account of由于take sth.into account考虑到,顾及account for说明、解释的原因;(数量、比例上)占on no account绝不accountant/kant()nt/n.会计,会计师accuracy/kjrsI/n.准确,精确accurate/kjrt/adj.准确的,精确的(反inaccu
10、rate)accuse/kjuz/v.指责;控告;搭配accuse sb.of (doing) sth.因为某事指责、控诉某人ache/eIk/v.& n痛,疼痛achieve/tiv/v.达到,完成achievement/tivmnt/ nU完成;C成就,功绩搭配a sense of achievementa feeling of pride成就感 make achievements取得成就acid/sId/n.酸adj.酸的,酸性的acknowledge/knlId/v.承认;(公开)感谢;致意;告知acquire/kwaI(r)/v.(经过努力)获得;购得acquisition/kwIz
11、I()n/n.获得;习得across/krs/prep.横过,穿过adv.横过act/kt/v.行动,做事;举止,表现;假装;演(戏),扮演(角色);起作用n法令,条例;行为搭配act as担任,充当;起作用act as if/act like表现得好像action/k()n/n.行动;作用搭配take action采取行动in action在活动中;在运转out of action失去作用;停止运转Unit 2activeagendaactive/ktIv/adj.活跃的;积极的 activity/ktIvItI/n.活动actor/kt(r)/n.男演员 actress/ktrIs/n.女
12、演员 actuallyktl事实上AD/A.D./eIdi/n.公元 ad/d/(缩)(advertisement) n广告adapt/dpt/v.(使)适应,(使)适合;改编搭配adapt to适应adaptation dpten n/n.改编;改造;适应add/d/v.增添,增加;(使)相加搭配add to增加add up把加起来add up to合计addict/dkt/有瘾的人addition/dI()n/n.增添;数加法搭配in addition另外in addition to除.之外(还)address/dres/n.地址;演说vt.发表演说;处理adjust/dst/v.调整,调
13、节;(使)适应搭配adjust.to.调整以适应adjust to (doing) sth.适应(做)某事adjustment/dstmnt/n.调整;适应administration/dmInIstreI()n/n.管理;行政部门admirable/dmrb()l/adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的 admirationdmren钦佩 admire/dmaI(r)/v.钦佩;欣赏admission/dmI()n/n.准许加入;承认;入场费admit/dmIt/v.容许进入;接纳;承认 admit doing 承认干。 搭配admit sb./sth.to/into sth.准许某人/某物进入某处
14、adopt/dpt/v.收养,领养;采用,采纳搭配adopt ones advice采纳某人的建议adore/d(r)/v.(不用于进行时)热爱,爱慕(某人) adorable drbl 可爱的adult/dlt/n.成年人dvance/dvns;(Am)dvns/v.& n前进;推进,促进;(时间)提前搭配in advance提前,事先advance towards向(某人或某处)推进/逼近advantage/dvntId/n.有利条件,优势;优点(反disadvantage)搭配take advantage of利用have the advantage of/over胜过;优于advent
15、ure/dvent(r)/n.U冒险的刺激;C冒险;奇遇advertise/dvtaIz/v.(为)做广告/宣传 advertisement/dvtIsmnt/n.广告advice/dvaIs/n.U忠告;建议搭配take/follow ones advice听从/采纳某人的意见accept/act on advice接受/听从劝告ask sb.for advice征求某人的意见advise/dvaIz/v.忠告;建议搭配advise doing/sb.to do/that sb.(should) do建议某人做advocate/dvkeIt/v.提倡;主张;拥护affair/fe(r)/n.
16、用复数事务;用单数事件,事情affect/fekt/v.影响;使感动affection/fek()n/n.喜爱,钟爱afford/fd/v.买得起;承担得起(时间、后果等);提供afraid/freId/adj.害怕的;担心的搭配be afraid to do sth.不敢做某事be afraid of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事Africa/frIk/n.非洲 African/frIkn/adj.非洲的,非洲人的n非洲人after/ft(r)/prep.在之后;在后面adv.后来;以后conj.在之后搭配after all毕竟soon after在之后不久one after an
17、other一个接一个地,接连地afternoon/ftnun/n.下午;午后 afterward(s)/ftwd(z)/adv.后来;以后again/geIn/adv.又,再;而且搭配again and again 再三地;反复地against/geInst/prep.反对;违背;和比赛、对抗等搭配be against反对go against违背,与作对;不利于age/eId/n.年龄;时代,年代vi.变老 agency/eIdnsI/n.代理处;机构搭配travel/news/housing agency旅行社/新闻通讯社/房屋中介agenda/dend/n.议程;议程表Unit 3agen
18、tamazingagent/eIdnt/n.代理人;代理商;经纪人 ago/g/adv.以前agree/gri/v.(意见、观点等)一致(反disagree);同意,赞同(反refuse)搭配agree on就达成一致意见agree with同意;与相符,与一致;适合句型The service in the restaurant is terrible.这家餐馆的服务真差劲。I couldnt agree more./I quite agree.我完全赞同。agreement/grimnt/n.U同意,(意见)一致;C协定,协议搭配arrive at/come to/reach an agre
19、ement (with)(与)达成协议agricultural/grIkltr()l/adj.农业的 agriculture/rIklt(r)/n.农业;农学ahead/hed/adv.在前,向前搭配go ahead去吧,去做吧ahead of在的前面aid/eId/n.援助;救护;辅助者v帮助,援助搭配come/go to ones aid来/去帮助某人with the aid of在的帮助下,借助于aid sb.in/with sth.帮助某人做某事aim/eIm/n.U瞄准;C目标v力求达到;瞄准;针对搭配take aim (at.)(向)瞄准aim (sth.) at sb./sth.
20、(用)瞄准air/e(r)/n.空气;天空搭配by air乘飞机in the open air在户外airline/elaIn/n.航空公司 airmail/emeIl/n.航空邮件airplane/epleIn/n.美飞机 airport/ept/n.飞机场;航空站alarm/lm/n.警报;闹钟;惊恐v使惊恐搭配fire alarm火警turn off an alarm关上闹钟be alarmed by被吓一跳alcohol/lkhl/n.酒;酒精 alcoholic/lkhlIk/adj.(含)酒精的n酗酒者alive/laIv/adj.活着的,仍存在的;有活力的搭配come alive
21、come to life变得有趣,生动起来;精神起来;变得繁忙all/l/adj.全(部)的;所有的;总的;整个的adv.完全地pron.全部;全体搭配all in all总的来说in all总共not.at all完全不not at all一点儿也不;不客气first of all首先all the same依然 allow/la/v.允许,准许;使有可能搭配allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事allow doing sth.允许做某事allow for考虑到allowance/lans/n.津贴,补助;零用钱;限额almost/lmst/adv.几乎,差不多alone/ln
22、/adj.单独的;独自的;孤独的adv.独自;仅仅搭配leave sb.alone不打扰某人,不管某人 let alone更不用说along/l/adv.向前;一起prep.沿着搭配get along well with sb.和某人友好相处along with与一起;除以外alongside/lsaId;(Am)lsaId/adv.&prep.在旁边;与同时aloud/lad/adv.出声地;大声地 already/lredI/adv.已经also/ls/adv.也;还alternative/ltntIv/adj.可供替代的;非传统的 n供选择的东西句型I had no alternativ
23、e but to report him to the police.除了向警察举报他,我别无选择。although/l/conj.尽管,虽然 altogether/lte(r)/adv.总共always/lweIz/adv.总是,一直;永远搭配 am/m/v.be的人称形式之一a.m./am(A.M./AM)/eIem/abbr.上午,午前amateur/mt(r)/adj.业余(爱好)的n业余爱好者amaze/meIz/v.使大为惊奇,使惊愕派生amazed/meIzd/adj.感到惊奇的amazement/meIzmnt/n.惊愕;惊讶搭配be amazed to do sth.惊奇地做某
24、事be amazed at/by对感到惊奇to ones amazement让某人震惊的是 amazing/meIzI/adj.令人惊异的Unit 4ambitionappearanceambition/mbI()n/n.抱负,雄心,野心;志向 ambitiousmbs有抱负的ambulance/mbjlns/n.救护车America/merIk/n.美国;美洲American/merIkn/n.美国人adj.美国的;美国人的among/m/prep.在中间;在(三个以上)之中amount/mant/n.数量,数额vi.合计;相当于搭配a large/huge amount of大量的amou
25、nt to总计;等于amuse/mjuz/v.逗笑;给提供娱乐例句The children amused themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.孩子们玩捉迷藏的游戏来取乐。amusement/mjuzmnt/n.娱乐,乐趣搭配to sb.s amusement使某人感到开心的是analyse(Am analyze)/nlaIz/v.分析 analysis/nlsIs/n.(pl.analyses)分析ancestor/nsest(r)/n.祖宗,祖先 ancient/eInnt/adj.古代的;古老的and/nd;nd/conj.和;又;而 ang
26、er/(r)/n.U生气,愤怒vt.使生气angle/()l/n.角度;角angry/rI/adj.发怒的;生气的 animal/nIm()l/n.动物;牲畜ankle/k()l/n.踝;脚踝anniversary/nIvsrI/n.周年纪念(日)annual/njl/adj.每年的,年度的announce/nans/v.宣布,宣告派生announcement/nansmnt/n.通告,通知annoy/nI/v.使烦恼;使生气搭配be annoyed with sb.对某人感到恼怒another/n(r)/adj.又一的;再一个的;另一的 pron.又一个;另一个answer/ns(r);(A
27、m)ns(r)/n.回答,答复;答案v回答,答复搭配in answer for作为对的回答;应的要求answer for对负责answer the door开门,应门 ant/nt/n.蚂蚁Antarctic/ntktIk/n.南极地区(与the连用)adj.南极的;南极地区的anticipatentspet预料 antique/ntik/n.古董adj.古老的;古董的anxiety/zaItI/n.焦虑;担心;渴望anxious/ks/adj.忧虑的,焦虑的;渴望的搭配be anxious about对感到焦虑例句The parents suggested sleeping in the h
28、otel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.父母建议旅行期间住宾馆,但孩子们渴望露营。any/enI/adj.一些;任何pron.(用于否定句、疑问句或条件句)任何一个,任何一些,一些adv.稍微;有点anybody/enIbdI/pron.任何人anyhow/enIha/adv.不管怎样;无论如何(anyway)anyone/enIwn/pron.任何人anything/enII/pron.任何事(物);无论什么东西anyway/enIweI/adv.无论如何;尽管如此anywhere/enIwe(r)/
29、adv.在/去任何地方apart/pt/adv.& adj.相隔,相距;除外apartment/ptmnt/n.美一套公寓房间;公寓大楼(BrE flat)apologize(apologise)/pldaIz/vi.道歉;表示歉意搭配apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉apology/pldI/n.道歉,歉意搭配make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉apparentlyprntl显然 appeal/pil/v.呼吁;有吸引力;上诉,申诉n呼吁;吸引力;上诉,申诉搭配appeal
30、to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人去做某事 appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力appear/pI(r)/v.出现;似乎(反disappear)句型It appears that he has a taste for music.他似乎有音乐天赋。appearance/pIrns/n.外貌;出现;公开露面搭配judge by appearances以貌取人Unit 5appetiteaspectappetite/pItaIt/n.胃口,食欲;欲望applaud/pld/v.鼓掌;称赞,赞许派生applause/plz/n.鼓掌;掌声;喝彩apple/p()l/n.苹果applican
31、t/plIknt/n.申请人application/plIkeI()n/n.申请;应用apply/plaI/v.申请;应用;(对)适用;使专注于搭配apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物apply A to B把A应用于Bapply to适用于例句Over the next months,he applied himself to improving the technique.接下来的几个月,他一门心思改进技术。appoint/pInt/v.任命,委派;指定,约定appoint sb.as.指定某人为appointment/pIntmnt/n.约会;预约;任命搭配have a
32、n appointment with sb.和某人约会/预约make an appointment with预约appreciate/priIeIt/v.欣赏;感激;理解搭配appreciate (sb.) doing sth.感激.做某句型Id appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity.如果你能给我这个机会的话我将不胜感激。appreciation/priIeI()n/n.欣赏;感激;理解approach/prt/v.靠近,接近;处理n靠近,接近;通道;(处理的)方法appropriate/prprIt/adj.恰当的,合适的app
33、roval/pruvl/n.批准,认可;赞成,赞同approve/pruv/v.赞成,同意(反disapprove);批准,通过搭配approve of sth.批准某事approve of sb.s/sb. doing sth.赞成某人做某事Aprileprl四月arch/t/n.拱;拱门architect/kItekt/n.建筑师;设计师architecture/kItekt(r)/n.建筑学;建筑式样Arctic/ktIk/n.(与the连用)北极;北极圈area/erI/n.面积;地域,地方,区域;范围,领域argue/ju/v.争论,争辩,争吵搭配argue with sb.abou
34、t/over sth.就某事和.争论 argument/jmnt/n.争论,辩论搭配have an argument with sb.about/over sth.就某事和某人争论arise(arose,arisen)/raIz/v.发生,产生;起来,升起;引起例句Accidents often arise from/out of carelessness.事故往往由粗心引起。arm/m/n.手臂;扶手;(pl.)武器装备v武装,装备搭配arm in arm手挽手例句We welcomed Henrys offer with open arms.我们举双手赞成亨利的提议。army/mI/n.陆
35、军;大群around/rand/prep.在周围;在附近adv.大约;在周围;到处arrange/reInd/v.安排;整理,布置搭配arrangement/reIndmnt/n.安排arrest/rest/v.& n逮捕,拘留;阻止搭配arrest sb.for sth.因某事而逮捕某人arrival/raIv()l/n.到来,到达搭配on/upon arrival一到达arrive/raIv/vi.到达;到来搭配arrive at/in到达arrive at a conclusion/an agreement得出结论/达成协议 arrow/r/n.箭;箭头(符号) art/t/n.艺术,美
36、术;技巧 artist/tIst/n.艺术家;画家article/tIk()l/n.文章;冠词;东西,物品artificial/tIfIl/adj.人造的,人工的;不自然的as/z;z/conj.当时,随着;因为,由于;按照adv.同样地prep.像,如同;作为,当作搭配as for/to至于as if/though好像as it is/was(置于句首)实际上ashamed/eImd/adj.惭愧的,羞愧的搭配be ashamed of (doing)/to do sth.对某事/做某事很惭愧Asia/eI/n.亚洲 Asian/eI()n;eI()n/adj.亚洲(人)的n亚洲人aside
37、/saId/adv.在/到/向旁边搭配aside from除之外(apart from)ask/sk/v.问;请示,要求;邀请搭配ask sb.sth.问某人某事ask (sb.) about询问ask (sb.) for请求得到asleep/slip/adj.睡着的,熟睡的(反awake)搭配fall/drop asleep睡着aspect/spekt/n.C方面;U外观,外表Unit 6assessawkwardassess/ses/v.评价,评定(性质、质量) assessment/sesmnt/n.评价assignsan布置assist/sIst/v.帮助;协助搭配assist sb.
38、with/in sth.帮助某人做某事assistance/sIst()ns/n.帮助;援助;协助assistant/sIst()nt/n.助手,助理adj.副的;助理的associate/sIeIt/v.联想;联系n同事;伙伴搭配associate A with B把A和B联系起来associate with sb.和某人交往association/ssIeI()n/n.协会,社团;关联;交往assume/sjum;(Am)sum/v.假定,设想assumption/smp()n/n.假定,假设astonish/stnI/v.使惊讶派生astonished/stnIt/adj.惊讶的,吃惊的
39、astonishment/stnI mnt/n.惊讶搭配sb.be astonished at sth./to do sth./that.某人对感到震惊to ones astonishment让某人震惊的是with/in astonishment惊讶地astronaut/strnt/n.宇航员 astronomer/strnm(r)/n.天文学家astronomy/strnmI/n.天文学at/t;t/prep.在;由于;以(某种价格,速度等)athlete/lit/n.运动员 athletic/letIk/adj.健壮的;运动的Atlantic/tlntIk/adj.大西洋的atmosphe
40、re/tmsfI(r)/n.大气(层);气氛attach/tt/v.贴,系,固定,附上;重视;喜欢搭配attach A to B把A附在B上attach importance/significance/value/weight to.认为有重要性/意义/价值/分量;重视attack/tk/v.& n攻击;抨击;侵袭attain/teIn/v.(经过努力)得到;达到attempt/tempt/v.& n试图,尝试搭配make an attempt to do sth.企图(尝试)做某事attempt to do sth.企图做某事attend/tend/v.出席,参加;看护,照料;上(学)搭配a
41、ttend a meeting/school参加会议/上学attend to照料;处理;接待attention/ten()n/n.注意;关心;照料搭配pay attention to注意attract/catch/get the attention of.吸引/引起/得到的注意 attentively/tentIvli/adv.专心地,注意地attitude/tItjud;(Am)tItud/n.态度,看法attract/trkt/v.吸引;引起(的兴趣)搭配attract sb.(to sth.)吸引某人;引起的好感attraction/trk()n/n.吸引;爱慕;有魅力之物attract
42、ive/trktIv/adj.有吸引力的audience/dIns/n.观众,听众搭配a large/small audience大量的/少量的观众August/gst/n.八月(简写为Aug.)aunt/nt;(Am)nt/n.姑母;姨母;婶婶;伯母;舅母Australiastrel澳大利亚 Australianstrelin澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人author/(r)/n.作者;作家authority/rItI/n.权力,权威;授权;(pl.)官方automatic/tmtIk/adj.自动的;无意识的autonomous/tnms/adj.自治的;自主的 autumn/tm/n.秋天,秋季available/veIlbl/adj.可用的,可得到的;(人)有空的a