1、 【New words and expressions】生词和短语生词和短语 sound n. 声音声音 n. 声音声音 sound n. 任何声音都可以任何声音都可以 voice n. 人的声音人的声音 noise n. 和周围不和谐的声音和周围不和谐的声音, 躁音躁音 v. 听起来听起来 adj. 合理的（等于合理的（等于reasonable adj.合理的合理的, 有道理的有道理的, 通情达理的通情达理的, 讲道理的）讲道理的） I have a piece of sound advice. 我有一个合我有一个合理的建议。理的建议。 soundly adj. 香甜的香甜的 sleep s
2、oundly excitement n. 激动激动, 兴奋兴奋 to ones excitement 令某人激动的是令某人激动的是 The most exciting thing is that 最令人激最令人激动的是动的是 The most surprising thing about it is that 最令人惊讶的事情是最令人惊讶的事情是 It excited me that 让我激动的是让我激动的是 handsome adj. 漂亮的漂亮的, 美观的美观的 handsome adj. 形容男孩形容男孩, 英俊英俊, 一般与男孩一般与男孩子连如子连如 handsome与人连用有阳刚的美
3、，与物相连表示与人连用有阳刚的美，与物相连表示美观大方，并表示制作精良；美观大方，并表示制作精良；handsome跟女性跟女性连用的时连用的时 候就表示这个女孩子有阳刚气，类似女侠的概念候就表示这个女孩子有阳刚气，类似女侠的概念 Your husband is handsome. beautiful 形容人的时候表示内在和外在美的统形容人的时候表示内在和外在美的统一一, 完美的概念完美的概念 You look beautiful. Flowers are beautiful. The picture is beautiful. pretty adj. 美丽美丽(用于女孩或小孩用于女孩或小孩)，
4、有柔美的，有柔美的意思意思 pretty跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化 Your wife is pretty. pretty boy / pretty girl / pretty woman nice adj. 美好的美好的(人，天气人，天气, 食物食物, 物品的品质物品的品质等等) You are nice. 你长得不错你长得不错 lovely adj. 可爱的可爱的 This is a lovely story. 这是一个可爱的故事这是一个可爱的故事 good-looking adj. 很好看的很好看的 smart adj. 小巧而美丽的小巧而美丽的
5、(物物)或时髦而美丽或时髦而美丽的的(人人) She is smart. cute adj.漂亮漂亮, 常用来形容小孩常用来形容小孩 The baby is cute. What a cute baby! 多漂亮的宝宝啊多漂亮的宝宝啊! How cute you are! 你多漂亮啊你多漂亮啊!(可爱啊可爱啊!) explosion n. 爆炸爆炸, 轰响轰响 explosive n. 爆炸物爆炸物,炸药；炸药；adj. 爆炸爆炸(性性)的的, 爆发爆发(性性)的的, 暴露暴露 explode vt. 使爆炸；使爆炸；vi. 爆炸爆炸, 爆发爆发, 破除破除, 推推翻翻, 激发激发 bomb
6、n. 炸弹；炸弹；vt. 投弹于投弹于, 轰炸轰炸 The bomb exploded. course n. 跑道，行程跑道，行程 n. 跑道，行程跑道，行程 on the course 按照轨道运行按照轨道运行 off course 偏离轨道偏离轨道 of course 当然当然 n. 课程课程 This term, I took/take seven courses. 这学期我学了七门课这学期我学了七门课 rival n. 对手对手 competition n. 竞争竞争, 竞赛竞赛 The person who takes part in the competition. competi
7、tor n. 竞争者竞争者, 对手对手 opposite n. 相反的事物；相反的事物；adj. 相对的相对的, 对面的对面的, 对立的对立的, 相反的相反的, 对等的对等的, 对应的对应的 opponent n. 对手对手, 反对者反对者(持反对意见的持反对意见的人人, 如辩论赛上的和政治上的如辩论赛上的和政治上的) enemy n. 敌人敌人 rival adj. 势均力敌的；势均力敌的；n. 势均力敌的对势均力敌的对手手 speed（sped，sped） v. 疾驶疾驶 v. 疾驶，急行疾驶，急行 The police car sped past us. The two men sped
8、 out of the room. n. 速度速度 at the speed of 以以的速度的速度 The car goes at the speed of 40 miles an hour / at 40 miles an hour. 在车后的在车后的3 speed/4 speed表示档位表示档位 speed up 速度的增加速度的增加, 加速；加速；slow down 减减速速 blow up 风力的增加风力的增加 1、Once a year, a race is held for old cars. =Old car race is held once a year. once +表示
9、时间的名词表示时间的名词 每每一次一次 The postman calls once a day. be held for 比赛为比赛为而举行而举行 2、A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. enter for 报名参加报名参加 a great deal of +不可数名词不可数名词 大量的大量的 There was/is a great deal of excitement. 人人们非常激动们非常激动 a grea
10、t number of +可数名词可数名词 a great many +可数名词可数名词 许多许多 a large amount of +不可数名词不可数名词 just before =just 起强调作用起强调作用 3、One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. one of 直接作主语的时候直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的它是做单数看待的 One of the answers is ture. One of those people is good. 如果在定语从句中出现了如果在定语从句中出现了one of
11、作为先行词，它作为先行词，它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在在one of前面还有一修饰词前面还有一修饰词only，那么后边的关系代词，那么后边的关系代词将指代将指代one这个词，才作单数看这个词，才作单数看 He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 4、Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. The car was built in 1885. taking part 理解为理解为
12、taking part (in the race) 5、After a great many loud explosions, the race began. after explosions 许多爆炸声之后许多爆炸声之后 6、Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! many cars 许多车子；许多车子；many of the cars 车子当中车子当中的许多的许多 many students 许多学生；许多学生；many
13、 of my students 我教过的许多学生我教过的许多学生 some pictures 一些照片；一些照片；some of the pictures 那些照片中的一些那些照片中的一些 break down 车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障，出毛病车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障，出毛病 This morning I was late for work, because my car broke down twice. under the car指在车下面修理；指在车下面修理；in the car指正常驾驶。指正常驾驶。句中的句中的under 和和in都是斜体，英文中的斜体字起强调作都是斜体，英文中的
14、斜体字起强调作用用 spent more time under their cars than in them 他们花在车下的时间比在车里的时间还多他们花在车下的时间比在车里的时间还多 7、The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour - much faster than any of its rivals. the wining car 获胜车获胜车 a speed of +数量词数量词 速度为速度为 You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour.
15、much faster 快得多；快得多；a little faster 快一点快一点 any of its rivalsany rival 任何一个任何一个 any 在比较级中一旦出现在比较级中一旦出现, 它往往要加可数名词的单数它往往要加可数名词的单数 Beijing is bigger than any other city. （注意（注意 “other” 不能丢）不能丢） 如果是不定代词如果是不定代词, 可以说可以说someone else, anyone else；如果不是不定代词如果不是不定代词, 要在名词前加要在名词前加other. any other competitor 8、I
16、t sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. at the end of 在在的末尾的末尾/最后部分最后部分 He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting. have trouble (in) doing sth. 干干有麻烦，有麻烦，做做很困难（很困难（trouble既可数又不可数）既可数又不可数） They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fi
17、re. 9、The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. give sb.+n. 给某人给某人 give sb. pleasure It will give sb. a great deal of pleasure. =There was a great deal of excitement. give sb. a fright 吓了某人一跳吓了某人一跳 give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜给某人一个惊喜 10、It was very different from modern car races but no less e
18、xciting. modern car race 现代车赛现代车赛 be different from 和和不同不同 no more和和no less都表示都表示“和和一样一样”, 相当相当于于only, the same There are no more than 100 students. 这个这个房间仅有一百个学生。房间仅有一百个学生。 no less exciting 一样的激动一样的激动 no more than you 和你一样和你一样 表示表示“和和不相同不相同”用用not more= more；not less= less not less exciting 更令人激动更令人
19、激动 【Key structures】 比较关系的句型比较关系的句型 asas 和和一样一样 the same () as 与与相同相同/同样同样 Youve made the same mistake as Tom. 有时有时the same可以单独使用：可以单独使用： My mother is much younger than yours. She isnt! Theyre about the same age. Those two dress are the same. not soas / not asas 不如不如 different from 与与不同（不同（different前
20、面可前面可加加very，much，a little等修饰语）等修饰语） Is French food very different from Italian food? A Frenchman could tell you better than I can! Were planning something different this year from what we did last year. litte和和 few在口语中多用在口语中多用not much，not many代替：代替： There isnt much sugar/arent many sweets, but you c
21、an have a little/few. much 和和 many 通常用于否定句和疑问句（正式通常用于否定句和疑问句（正式文体除外）。在日常谈话中，通常避免在肯定句文体除外）。在日常谈话中，通常避免在肯定句中使用中使用much和和many，而用别的数量词。口语中，而用别的数量词。口语中用得最多的表示用得最多的表示“许多许多”的数量词是的数量词是 a lot of，它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用，后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词。词连用，后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词。比比a lot of正式一些的表达方式有：正式一些的表达方
22、式有：a great/good deal of+不可数名词，不可数名词，a great/good/large number of+复数名词，复数名词，a great/good many of+复数名词。复数名词。 在在what引导的感叹句中不用引导的感叹句中不用much/many： What a lot of sweets Toms bought! I am less lucky. 我还不如他们幸运我还不如他们幸运. more exciting 更激动更激动 = not less exciting. speed（sped，sped） v. 疾驶疾驶 v. 疾驶，急行疾驶，急行 The poli
23、ce car sped past us. The two men sped out of the room. n. 速度速度 at the speed of 以以的速度的速度 The car goes at the speed of 40 miles an hour / at 40 miles an hour. 在车后的在车后的3 speed/4 speed表示档位表示档位 speed up 速度的增加速度的增加, 加速；加速；slow down 减减速速 blow up 风力的增加风力的增加 1、Once a year, a race is held for old cars. =Old c
24、ar race is held once a year. once +表示时间的名词表示时间的名词 每每一次一次 The postman calls once a day. be held for 比赛为比赛为而举行而举行 2、A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. enter for 报名参加报名参加 a great deal of +不可数名词不可数名词 大量的大量的 There was/is a great de
25、al of excitement. 人人们非常激动们非常激动 a great number of +可数名词可数名词 a great many +可数名词可数名词 许多许多 a large amount of +不可数名词不可数名词 just before =just 起强调作用起强调作用 3、One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. one of 直接作主语的时候直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的它是做单数看待的 One of the answers is ture. One of those people
26、is good. 如果在定语从句中出现了如果在定语从句中出现了one of作为先行词，它作为先行词，它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在在one of前面还有一修饰词前面还有一修饰词only，那么后边的关系代词，那么后边的关系代词将指代将指代one这个词，才作单数看这个词，才作单数看 He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 4、Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. The car
27、was built in 1885. taking part 理解为理解为taking part (in the race) 5、After a great many loud explosions, the race began. after explosions 许多爆炸声之后许多爆炸声之后 【Multiple choice questions】 1 Nothing could have been more annoying. It was _annoying thing that could have happened. a.the more b.more c.most d. the most 8 She was busy mixing butter and flour. She was _. a.joining them b.uniting them c. unifying them d. putting them together 10 She was dismayed when she heard Helen Bates. She felt _. a.pity b.sorry c.ill d.tired
