1、初高中衔接点津第十四讲【语言知识概要】I.词汇搜索entry upstairs guard downstairs sculpture either unusual positionwaste metal energy recycle hopeless reuse care material accident scientific network relative spirit communicate beauty helicopter hardware detail trouble include ceremony movement II.单词拼写1.熟悉的 2.实验 3.交流、沟通 4.污染
2、 5.减少、减小 6.必要的 7.环境的 8.短语、表达方式 9.盼望 10.祝贺 III.短语填空1.pay to集中注意力于 2. work 设法弄懂，计算出 3.drop 顺便走访4. away扔掉，抛弃（某物）5.do to对造成伤害 6. make a to对产生重大影响 7.be up of组成，构成 8. to同相似 9.try 试用，试验，检验 10. pick 接，捡起IV.语法扫描时态（二）1现在进行时（1）现在进行时的构成现在进行时由“主语+am/is/are+ V-ing”构成。否定形式：主语+ am/is/are+ not+ V-ing. 疑问形式：Am/is/are
3、 + 主语 + V-ing ?肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are 否定回答：No, 主语+ am/is/are + not.（2）现在进行时的用法 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如：What are you doing?你在干什么？Im reading English.我正在读英语。 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。如：We are picking apples on a farm these days.这些天我们一直在农场摘苹果。 go, leave, arrive, start等动词用现在进行时表示将来。如：The bus is coming soon.公共汽车马上就要来
4、了。2现在完成时（1）表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗？Yes, I have. Ive just had it.是的，我刚吃过。（说明现在饱了）I have lost my pen.我把钢笔弄丢了。（过去某时候弄丢的，现在还没有找到。）His books have been translated into more than 50 languages.他的书已经被翻译成五十多种语言。（表示translate这一动作已经完成）（2）表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和
5、for, since连用，表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如：We have lived here since 2000.自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里。（说明一直住在这里，也许还会住下去）（3）几个副词在现在完成时中的用法。just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。如：He has just come back from Beijing.他刚从北京回来。ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?你去过上海吗？never意为“从来没有”，常与before连用，多放在助
6、动词与过去分词之间。如：I have never traveled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。如：I havent heard of it before.我以前从来没有听说过这件事。since+时间点，for+时间段如：I have studied here since 2006. I have studied here for four years.（4）延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，而与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词需是延
7、续性动词，非延续性动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：我离开这所学校已经八年了。误：Ive left this school for eight years.正：Ive been away from this school for eight years.他借用我的词点已经两天了。误：He has borrowed my dictionary for two days.正：He has kept my dictionary for two days.注意，在否定句中非延续性动词可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：I havent gone to see him for several
8、months. 我已经好几个月没去看他了。时态练习1.Whats your question, Mr. Andrew? I suppose you _ to me. A. arent listeningB. didnt listenC. werent listeningD. dont listen 2. I guess that they _ their stories which _ between them and their parents when they were children. A. are talking about, are happening B. are talkin
9、g about, were happened C. talk about, are happeningD. are talking about, happened3. Kate, lets go out for a walk now. Sorry, but I _ my composition. A. am writing B. wrote C. will be writing D. was writing4. Dont worry. The bus _ soon. A. comes B. is coming C. came D. has come5. In the past two year
10、s great changes _ in our town. A. took place B. take place C. will place D. have taken place6. My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didnt go with them because I_ it before. A. have seen B. had seen C. saw D. would see 7. I _ Professor Wang the result of the experiment, so youd better not go
11、 there. A. had told B. told C. will tell D. have told 8. He _ an investigation these months. A. is making B. was making C. have made D. will made9. Since the World Wide Web was invented in 1989, more and more people _ it to create, see and read multimedia documents. A. have used B. had used C. will
12、use D. are using10. Woo! How terrible! I _ of this kind of matter before. A. hadnt heard B. havent heard C. didnt hear D. dont hear11. Peter joined our baseball team 2 years ago. You mean that he _a baseball player for 2 years. A. was B. is C. has beenD. had been12. Whats that terrible noise? The te
13、enagers _ for their performance. A. will prepare B. prepare C. are preparing D. prepared13. The picture of the earth from space _ the most important environmental photograph ever taken. A. has called B. was called C. is called D. has been called14. Dont bother him. He _ his cartoon collection. A. wa
14、s looking for B. looks for C. is looking for D. has looked for15. So far we _ many Australian cities. A. visited B. have visited C. are visiting D. will visit 【语言技能】I.句型转换1.You mustnt go up there.You are _ _ to go up there.2.The Internet is used by people around the world.The Internet is used by peo
15、ple _ _ the world.3.You mustnt touch it, and you cant take a photo, either.You can _ touch it _ take a photo.4.We should stop the factories from polluting the river.We should _ the factories_ polluting the river.5.One of the great heroes was an Aboriginal runner whose name was Cathy Freeman.One of t
16、he great heroes was an Aboriginal runner _ Cathy Freeman.II. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子1.下次你如果去伦敦，一定要去参观科学博物馆，那是世界上我最喜爱的博物馆。If you go to London next time, _ _ you visit the Science Museum. Its my _ _ in the world.2.你可以与那里的动物比速度。You can _ your speed _animals there.3. 扔掉玻璃、纸和金属太浪费了，所以每个班级收集可回收的废物。It is _ to_ _ glas
17、s, paper and metal, so every class _ _ _.4. 许多去过澳大利亚的人常说，那儿的海滩比其它国家多。Many people _ _ _ _ Australia often say that Australia has _ _ than _ _ _.5. 即使所有的照片都很好，我们也不能为每个人发奖。_ _ all of the photos are excellent, we cant _ _ to _.III 根据短文意思，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。environment local abroad last change waste throw e
18、nergy burn possible save necessary repair make recycleReduce means “useless”. Dont 1_ things. This 2_ money and reduces pollution and waste goes into the 3_. Before we buy something new, think whether it is really 4_ or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy things, choose 5_ product
19、s if 6_, and try not to buy too many things from 7_.Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they 8_ a long time. We should look after them so that they will last, and we should 9_ them if we can instead of 10_ them away and buying new ones. Don
20、t use a paper cup or a paper bag. Its better to use a china cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.Recycle means “11_ things into something else”. Although it takes 12_ to change something into something else, its better than throwing things away or 13_ them. Find out what can be recycle
21、d in your neighborhood and take part in 14_ programmes. We should also buy products 15_ from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees.【学习策略指导】 语言学习说到底是一个习惯的问题，习惯的养成需要的只是时间和毅力。只要养成每天听英语、看英语、读英语、说英语甚至写英语的习惯，很快，英语自然就会成为你生活中的一部分，不知不觉，英语自然被攻克！ The first law I will obey is that I wil
22、l form good habits and become their slave.第十四讲答案I. 单词拼写familiar experiment communication pollution reduce necessary environmental expression expect congratulationII. 短语填空attention out in throw harm difference made similar out up语法扫描1-5. CDABD 6-10. BDAAB 11-15. CCDCBI. 句型转换1.not allowed 2.all over 3
23、.neither; nor 4.keep/ prevent; from 5.called/ namedII.完成句子1. make sure; favorite museum pare; with 3.wasteful; throw away; collects reusable waste 4.that have been to; more beaches; any other country 5.Even though; give prizes; everyone短文填空waste saves environment necessary local possible abroad last repair throwing change energy burning recycling made
