1、连连 词词 (Conjunction)一、连词定义一、连词定义: 用来用来连接连接词、短语或句子词、短语或句子的词。的词。 e.g. I study English and Chinese. Does he work at school or in the hospital? I get up early, but my brother gets up late. 二、二、连词分类：连词分类：并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词连词：连词：and, but, or, so, (for)连词连词词组词组: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand
2、, (as well as)that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, even if, asas 等等1.并列连词的分类：并列连词的分类：1.从属连词连词：从属连词连词：三、用法三、用法 1. 1.并列连词并列连词 - - 连接具有并列关系的连接具有并列关系的词，短语词，短语或句子或句子。 常见的有：常见的有：(1)表表并列并列关系的关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor，as well as（也，和）（
3、也，和）等。等。(2)表表选择选择关系的关系的or, eitheror等。等。(3)表表转折转折关系的关系的but, however等。等。(4)表表因果因果关系的关系的for, so等。等。一、一、 并列连词并列连词1. Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B
4、. but C. soand : : 表对等表对等 “ “和、并且和、并且” ” but: 表转折表转折 “ “但是但是”so: 表因果表因果 “ “所以所以”and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法1. Which do you like better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or2. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. oror: 1. 用于用于疑问疑问句句, , 表表选择选择 2. 用于用于否定否定句句, , 表表并列并列（肯定句用（肯定句用andand）3.Christine,
5、 Aileen _ (和和) I are good friends. Study hard, _ (否则否则)youll fall behind. 4. Are you coming by bus _(或者或者) on foot? 1. Try your best _ youll make more progress. A. and B. but C. or2. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. orand and 和和 or or 都可以在祈使句中使用都可以在祈使句中使用. . and 通常是比较好的结果通常是比较好的结果;
6、 ;or 则表示不愉快或不理想的结果则表示不愉快或不理想的结果. . and, or, but, so 基本用法基本用法1. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and B. but C. or2. He or the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from4. Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. areadj.比比 + and + adj.比比 表示越来越表示越来越A or B 和和 not A but B 结构作主语结构
7、作主语时，谓语动词要使用时，谓语动词要使用就近原则就近原则。and, or, but, so 特殊用法特殊用法 考点一：考点一：1 1）判断改错：判断改错： They sat down and talk about something. They started to dance and sang. I saw two men sitting behind and ate there.FFFeatingsingtalkedand (“和，并且和，并且”) 与与 or (“否则否则”)“and” 连接连接平行平行结构。结构。 （1）肯定句中用）肯定句中用“and” 表表“和和”；（2）否定句中用
8、）否定句中用“or”表表“和和” 。2 2）翻译：翻译： 我喜欢英语我喜欢英语和和数学。数学。 我不喜欢英语我不喜欢英语和和数学。数学。 I like English _ math. I dont like English _ math.and or= Study hard, _ your math will be worse.3 3）用）用 “andand” 或或“or or” 填空：填空： Study hard, _ your math will be better.and or “and”意为意为“这样，那么这样，那么”； “or” 意为意为 “否则否则” 。 表表转折转折的连词的连词b
9、utbut 和和howeverhowever： e.g. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。他努力工作，但以失败告终。) He worked hard, _ he failed at last. He worked hard. _, he failed at last.区别区别: : but but 后后没有逗号，直接连接分句；没有逗号，直接连接分句； howeverhowever 后后有逗号相隔，可放句首。有逗号相隔，可放句首。butHowever考点二考点二 ：1. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the resu
10、lt. A. and B. but C. /and, or, but, so 特殊用法特殊用法2.So的特殊用法的特殊用法观察句子观察句子 ： （1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.改为：改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.（2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”
11、* *although/ though although/ though 和和butbut这两个关联词不能同时用。这两个关联词不能同时用。 ?同样，此句错误，同样，此句错误， because because 和和 soso 等关联词都不能同时使用。等关联词都不能同时使用。考点三考点三 ：either A or B “或者或者A或者或者B”neither A nor B “既不既不A也不也不B”not only A but also B “不仅不仅A而且而且B” - 连词词组连词词组 ：Either you or I _ going to the party.(或者你或者我将去晚会。或者你或者我
12、将去晚会。)Neither I nor he _ seen the movie.（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）Not only you but also he _ French.（不但你而且他也讲法语。）（不但你而且他也讲法语。） 【连接主语连接主语 时，谓语时，谓语“就近原就近原则则”】amhasspeaks考点四考点四 1. Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou. A. are B. is C. am2. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. /3
13、. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to4. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. ambothandeitherorneithernornot onlybut also以上结构做主语，除以上结构做主语，除bothand bothand 谓语要用复数外，其谓语要用复数外，其余都使用余都使用就近原则就近原则。1、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。The weat
14、her here is _too hot _too cold.2、她不但美丽而且聪明。、她不但美丽而且聪明。She is _pretty _ clever.3、不是你对就是我对。、不是你对就是我对。_ you _ I _ correct (形容词：正确的形容词：正确的).neithernornot onlybut alsoEitheroram连连 词词 练练 习习2. 2. 从属连词从属连词-用来用来引导从句引导从句。常见的。常见的从属连词从属连词有：有：(1)(1)引导引导时间时间状语从句的状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, after, before,
15、 when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon asuntil, till, since, as soon as等。等。(2)(2)引导引导条件条件状语从句的状语从句的if, unlessif, unless等。等。(3)(3)引导引导原因原因状语从句的状语从句的because, as, sincebecause, as, since等。等。(4)(4)引导引导目的目的状语从句的状语从句的so that, in order thatso that, in order that等。等。(5)(5)引导引导让步让步状语从句的状语从句的though, al
16、though, even ifthough, although, even if等。等。(6)(6)引导引导结果结果状语从句的状语从句的so that, soso that, sothat, suchthat, suchthatthat等。等。(7)(7)引导引导比较比较状语从句的状语从句的than, asthan, asasas等。等。(8)(8)引导引导宾语从句宾语从句的的that, if , whetherthat, if , whether等。等。when，while，as连连 词词 用用 法法 比比 较较 Mr. White was taking a shower _ the UFO
17、 landed on the street. A. where B. while C. when D. whetherCWhile Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street.考点一考点一 “when” 和和 “while”when引导的状语从句的动作引导的状语从句的动作多为多为终止性动词终止性动词，也为也为可持续动词可持续动词；但；但while只能只能是是可持续动词可持续动词。考点二考点二 我会一直我会一直工作到工作到你回来。你回来。 I will work till you come back.notuntil/ t
18、ill 直到直到才才till 直到直到为止为止翻译：翻译：我会我会到到你回来时你回来时才才睡觉。睡觉。 I wont go to bed until/ till you come back.考点二考点二 我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 My father _ come back until we had supper.notuntil/ till 直到直到才才till 直到直到为止为止翻译：翻译：他直到他直到3岁才会讲话。岁才会讲话。He _get up until his mother wakes him up.didnt 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。他经常等到妈
19、妈叫他才起床。 He _ speak until he was 3.couldntdoesntHe took the MP3 player with him _ he could enjoy music during the trip.A. because B. so that C. whenB考点三考点三 他起早是他起早是为了为了赶上早班车。赶上早班车。(表目的表目的) He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.He got up early so that he caught the early bus.他起早，他起早，结果结
20、果赶上了早班车。（表结果）赶上了早班车。（表结果） He got up so early that he caught the early bus. sothatso that：为了；为了； 所以，结果所以，结果如此如此以致以致1) sothat中的中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而副词，而such.that中的中的such是个形容词是个形容词，后接名，后接名词或名词短语。例如：词或名词短语。例如：Im so tired that I cant walk any farther.It was such a warm day that he went swi
21、mming.2) 如果在如果在名词之前名词之前有有many, much, little, few时，时，用用so,不用不用such。例如：。例如：He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.sothat, such.that连连 词词 用用 法法 比比 较较连接连接条件条件状语从句：状语从句：1、Youll be late _(如果如果) you dont get up early tomorrow.2、Ill come to see you _(如果如果) Im free next Saturday. 3、Well ha
22、ve a picnic tomorrow _(如果如果) it doesnt rain tomorrow.* * 注意状语从句的时态：注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现主将从现”。ififif连连 词词 练练 习习连接连接时间时间状语从句状语从句连接连接原因、结果原因、结果状语从句状语从句1. You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry. A. so that B. because C. before 2. He was hurt _ badly _ he had to see a doctor. A.
23、 tooto B. so that C. so that 3.He took off his coat _ it was too hot in the room. A.And B. since C. but 4. Solo missed the bus _ he was late for school. A. because B. so C. or连接连接让步让步状语从句状语从句1. Tom is still doing his homework _ it is very late. A. so that B. even though C. if 2. I never seem to put
24、on any weight,_ hard I try. A. though B. no matter how 3. I enjoy learning English, _ it takes me a lot of time. A. unless B. although C. because 4. I will never give up learning English _ (即使即使) it is difficult.even though1) 1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用becausebecause。因此，。因此，becausebecaus
25、e引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：I stayed at home because it rained.I stayed at home because it rained.-Why arent you going? -Because I dont want to.-Why arent you going? -Because I dont want to.2) 2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用asas或或sincesince。sincesince比比asas稍微正式一点。稍微正式一点。as
26、as和和since since 引导的从句一引导的从句一般放在般放在句子的开头句子的开头。例如：。例如：As he wasnt ready, we left without him.As he wasnt ready, we left without him.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.3) for3) for用用来补来补充说明一种理由，因此，充说明一种理由，因此，forfor引导的从句几乎可以放引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。在括号里。forfor引导
27、的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：I decided to stop and have lunchI decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite for I was feeling quite hungry.hungry.as, because, since , for连连 词词 用用 法法 比比 较较when，while，as连连 词词 用用 法法 比比 较较if, whether连连 词词 用用 法法 比比 较较1. Ill tell your father the truth as soon
28、as he _ here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at2. We dont know if he _ us for the picnic. Ill call you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But Ill tell you when I _ the answer. A. broke; find out B. broken; will find out C. were b
29、roken; find out连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习4. You wont understand until you _ him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but7. It has been seven years since he _ here. A. le
30、ft B. leaves C. leave连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate from C. graduated for 11. Tom wor
31、ks in a hospital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell alseep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to 表示对比，表示对比，“然而，而然而，而” while表示表示“当当的时候的时候”。 两个动词两
32、个动词同时发生。必须使用同时发生。必须使用延续性延续性动词。动词。 14. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or15. The mountain was _ steep(陡峭的）陡峭的）_ few people in our city reached the top. A. soas B. sothat C. asas D. tooto 连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习用适当的连词填空用适当的连词填空 1. _they are brothers, they dont look like each
33、other at all.2. The dress was very expensive, _ I didnt buy it.3. -Do you know _ I could pass the exam? -Sorry, Ive no idea.4. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, _ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.Although/Though连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习 and before since连连 词词 用用 法法 练练 习习
