1、初中英语阅读短文回答问题初中英语阅读短文回答问题的解题技巧的解题技巧课标课标初中生要达到的五级初中生要达到的五级 阅读目标要求：阅读目标要求：l能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系l能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物l能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息 考试说明考试说明要求：要求：1. 能获取文章的具体信息2. 能理解归纳文章的主旨要义题型介绍题型介绍文章文章字数字数一般一般疑问疑问句句选择选择疑问疑问句句特殊疑特殊疑问句问句事实事实细节细节概括概括主旨主旨201324875题题无无76-7975-7879201422665题题66题题67-6965-686920158365题题无无66-
2、6965-68692016186无无无无64-6864-6768历史回顾历史回顾近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的比例在增大，比例在增大，2012年达到了年达到了100%；选择疑问句近五年中考只在选择疑问句近五年中考只在2010年考了年考了1题；一般疑问句由原来的必考题；一般疑问句由原来的必考1题在题在2012年也宣告了它的终结。年也宣告了它的终结。未来预测未来预测命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得
3、信息的能力外更多的是测试综合确获得信息的能力外更多的是测试综合运用英语的能力。运用英语的能力。1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或或No回答）回答）2.由选择疑问句（由选择疑问句（ A or B）来提问文章的细节。）来提问文章的细节。（选择选择A或者或者B来回答来回答）3.由特殊疑问词由特殊疑问词Who(人物人物)、Where(地点地点)、 When(时间时间)、What(事件事件)、Why(原因原因)、 How(方式方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章 的细节。（的细节。（根据文章细节回答根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下
4、：用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：Whats the main idea of the passage?What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?What are the main points about . in this passage?（概括文章大意概括文章大意）解题技巧解题技巧66Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s? It was poor. 真题链接真题链接66. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?A good cho
5、ice. 模拟链接模拟链接解题解题技巧技巧79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day? 真题链接真题链接To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action. 69. What is the writers purpose of writing this passage? To give suggestions about whatto do to feel good and h
6、ave fun onhot days. 模拟链接模拟链接67. Why should they have proper weight? 真题链接真题链接Because they wont get hurt when they land ,or get blown by strong winds.67Why did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English? 真题链接真题链接Because they often worked 17 hours a day.78. Why did Chinese people have “ByeBye
7、 Throwaway Culture Week”? 真题链接真题链接Because they wanted everyone to stop throwing away plastic bags.18. How did young Chico get money? 真题链接真题链接 By taking a little rubber66. How do we make our mother feel close to us? 模拟链接模拟链接By respecting her point of view. 20. When was Chico murdered? 真题链接真题链接 On Dec
8、ember 22，198865. Where do they jump from? 真题链接真题链接 They jump from planes.64. What are Smokejumpers? 真题链接真题链接 Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter. 65. What can help us understand our mother better? 模拟链接模拟链接Remembering / Knowing our mothers age.解题步骤解题步骤根据问题中的根据问题中的 key words 在文章中定位在文章中定位 信息
9、。信息。-稳、准、快稳、准、快3. 表述信息表述信息 精（炼）精（炼） 准准 (确确) 变变人称人称时态时态阅读回答问题第阅读回答问题第5题的解题的解法法1.要点通常包括要点通常包括两个两个或或多于两个多于两个。2.抓住文章的抓住文章的结构结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。主旨大意。3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：development (n.), history (n.) ,(dis)advantage (n.) , Importance (n.) , suggestion (n.) value (n.) information (
10、n.), Introduction (n.), feature (n.)，responsible (adj.) , creative (adj.) successful (adj.) confident, (adj.) achieve (v.), encourage (v.)4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：住这些有用的句型：Its( about)Whatis and howTo helpand encourage Para4. Although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. Mos
11、t important are your weight and height. Smokejumpers in the U.S. for example ,must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they dont get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds. Para5. Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness. in Russia ,many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest a
12、nd even make simple furniture from trees. Para6. They work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumpers isnt just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the b
13、est job for the strong and brave.” 真题链接真题链接68. Whats needed to be a smokejumpers? 此题答案应在此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，划线部分为答题段中找，划线部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。To be a smokejumper,one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job. We need to be responsible f
14、or our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean? Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. . Wear It Out You do not always need to hav
15、e new things. Suppose your sneakers anymore. Then you can get a new one. 真题链接真题链接68. What does the writer want to tell us?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总文章为总-分分结构。总结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也就是第也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说责，下面每一个小标题都在说what exactly a
16、 frugal consumer means，也就是，也就是how to be a frugal consumer。Why and how to be a responsible consumer. 模拟链接模拟链接68. What does the writer want to tell us?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为文章为总总-分结构。总分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也也就是第一段中找。就是第一段中找。the road rules是关键词，下面是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说的小标题都是在说road
17、rules,最后的小标题在说最后的小标题在说more information，也需要总结。，也需要总结。Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in New Zealand. 真题链接真题链接69.What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为Where it is，其余段落作者，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为是按照时间顺序写的可总结为how it has developed。Where it
18、 is and how it has developed. Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of LondonIt is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury AvenueGerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the areaThere is a large Chinese community（社区）（社区）with a lot of Chinese restaurants
19、, Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything was very cheap.In the 1970s and 1980s, British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought .Now everyone knows about Londons ChinatownDuring the Chinese New Year, . 模拟链接模拟链接69.What ar
20、e the main points about the Twins Day Festival in this passage? 归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为What the Twins Day Festival is，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为可总结为how it has developed。What the Twins Day Festival is and how it has developed. 真题链接真题链接79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?To help m
21、ore people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action. 真题链接真题链接 One cool April 22 morning, people started the day as usual. Yet it was not a normal day. Whats so special about April 22? The answer is simple. It is Earth Day. People all over the world celebrate t
22、his important day. The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s. Life was very different then. Few people talked or even thought about the environment. Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were. On April 22, 1970, twenty million (百万百万) Americans joined the fi
23、rst Earth Day activities. They showed that people really did want to do something about the environment. Since then laws have been passed to protect the air, water, land, and animals. The vehicles such as cars and buses you ride in must pass tests to make sure they dont cause too much pollution. Tha
24、nks to this law, cars today release (排放排放) about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970. As a result, the air we breathe is cleaner than it once was. Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s. Its a good thing because they needed a lot of help. The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire! Today, the river is cleaner. It no longer burns. Its healthy enough for birds, fish, and other animals. Now the celebration has spread to other countries. More than 175 countries take part each year.
