1、 1. differ vi.Differ from in 与与在某方面不同在某方面不同Chinese differs greatly from English in pronunciation.Ex.这对双胞胎外貌相似，但兴趣不同。这对双胞胎外貌相似，但兴趣不同。The twins look exactly the same, but_.Differ with/from sb on sth 与与在在持异议持异议Ex.在如何解决经济问题上，我在如何解决经济问题上，我 和他观点不一。和他观点不一。I differ with him on _. A：重点单词短语讲解：重点单词短语讲解differ i
2、n interestshow to solve the financial problem 2. The procedure is difficult to undertake, of course. 当然当然, 这个过程很难实施。这个过程很难实施。undertake vt. 过去式过去式_ 过去分词过去分词_Ex. Since he knew a little Italian, he would _(担任翻译工作担任翻译工作).尽管很困难，我的侄子还是承担了这个重要的使命尽管很困难，我的侄子还是承担了这个重要的使命(mission)。My nephew undertook the impor
3、tant mission despite great hardship. 谁将承担这个任务呢？谁将承担这个任务呢？Who will undertake the task?undertookundertakenundertake some translation workexact adj. 确切的确切的,精确的精确的很难说出她的确实年龄。很难说出她的确实年龄。 It was difficult to tell her exact age. He is in his fifties; well, fifty-six, to be exact. 确切来说确切来说(作插入语作插入语) =exactl
4、y speaking identical adj. 完全相同的完全相同的（常和常和with连用连用）e.g. My opinion is identical with his. 3. At last the determination and patience of scientists paid off 最终科学家们的决心和耐心得到了回报最终科学家们的决心和耐心得到了回报.pay off (事业、计划等事业、计划等) 成功、偿还（债务等）成功、偿还（债务等）我决心要成为一名心理学家，我的努力终于得到了回报。我决心要成为一名心理学家，我的努力终于得到了回报。I was determined t
5、o be a psychologist, and finally _.经过多年的努力，他终于还清了债务。经过多年的努力，他终于还清了债务。He paid off his debt with years of hard work.my effort paid off 4. Then came disturbing news that Dolly became seriously ill. 然后传来了多莉得了重病的令人烦恼的消息。然后传来了多莉得了重病的令人烦恼的消息。disturbing adj.令人不安的令人不安的 昨晚我做了一个令我不安的梦。昨晚我做了一个令我不安的梦。I had a dis
6、turbing dream last night.He walked quietly so as not to _(惊扰睡着了的孩子惊扰睡着了的孩子).I felt _ with the loud noise while reading.disturb the sleeping babydisturbed同位语从句同位语从句 breakthrough n.突破点突破点, 突破性进展突破性进展, 重要的新发现重要的新发现 科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有突破。科学家在治疗那种疾病方面已有突破。 Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatmen
7、t of that disease. break through 突破突破 carrier n. 1. 搬运人搬运人; 送信人送信人; 运输工具运输工具 2.病原携带者病原携带者 Mosquitoes are carriers of disease.蚊子是疾病的传播媒介。蚊子是疾病的传播媒介。 5. Cloning Scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illness were more appropriate to a much older animal. 克隆科学家克隆科学家沮丧地沮丧地发现多莉的病更容易在年老的羊身上。发现多莉的病更容
8、易在年老的羊身上。cast down 使沮丧使沮丧 （常用于被动语态或作表语）（常用于被动语态或作表语）Be/ feel cast down by sth be cast down to do sth听到这个令人不安的消息，他感到很沮丧。听到这个令人不安的消息，他感到很沮丧。He felt cast down by the disturbing news.He was cast down to hear the disturbing news. be appropriate to/ for sth/ doing = be suitable for普通鞋不适于跑步。普通鞋不适于跑步。 Ordin
9、ary shoes are not appropriate to running. 6. object (v. ) & objection ( n.) On the other hand , Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 另一方面另一方面, 多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对 激发了传激发了传媒的热炒和公众的想像力。媒的热炒和公众的想像力。raise an objection to/ again
10、st对对提出异议提出异议have/ make an objection to doing sth 对对表示反对表示反对许多人强烈反对改革司法制度。许多人强烈反对改革司法制度。A good many people have a strong objection to reforming legal systems.所有人都支持这一计划。所有人都支持这一计划。All raised no objection against the plan.= All are in favor of the plan. object vi.Object to sb/ sthObject to doing sth没有
11、人反对这个商业计划。没有人反对这个商业计划。No one objects to the commercial plan.很多年轻人反对沿袭无意义的传统习俗。很多年轻人反对沿袭无意义的传统习俗。A great many young people object to keeping up meaningless traditional customs. arbitrary adj. 1.(行动、决定、规章等）任意的；武断的；行动、决定、规章等）任意的；武断的；随心所欲的随心所欲的 你可以随便做选择。你可以随便做选择。 You can make an arbitrary choice.2.专横的专横
12、的, 独断专行的，专制的独断专行的，专制的 一个优秀的法官不会作武断的判决。一个优秀的法官不会作武断的判决。A good judge does not make arbitrary decisions. have/make a strong/great impact/influence/effect on对对有（或产生）巨大影响有（或产生）巨大影响这本书对其读者产生了巨大的影响。这本书对其读者产生了巨大的影响。 This book made a great impact on its readers.大多数人反对这项计划。大多数人反对这项计划。The majority objected to
13、this plan.The majority had an objection to this plan.The majority opposed this plan.The majority were opposed to this plan.改错：改错：They objected to go there by bus because it would take a long time. going have an impact on 对对有很大的影响有很大的影响妈妈对我的人生有很大的影响。妈妈对我的人生有很大的影响。My mother has a great impact on my li
14、fe.他悲惨的童年对他的心理健康产生很大的影响。他悲惨的童年对他的心理健康产生很大的影响。His miserable childhood has a great impact on his psychological health. 拓展：拓展： have an effect on have an influence on 7. Governments became nervous and many forbade research into human cloning. 政府开始感到不安政府开始感到不安, 有许多政府禁止对克隆的研究。有许多政府禁止对克隆的研究。forbid vt. 过去式过
15、去式_过去分词过去分词_forbadeforbidden(doing) sth.sb. to do sth.sb.(from) doing sth.forbid公共场所应禁止吸烟。公共场所应禁止吸烟。Smoking should be forbidden in public places.政府应该制定法律禁止政府应该制定法律禁止18岁以下的年轻人购买香烟。岁以下的年轻人购买香烟。Government should make laws to forbid teenagers under 18 buying cigarette. forbid v. (forbade forbidden) 禁止；命
16、令不许做（某禁止；命令不许做（某事）或用（某物）事）或用（某物）1. 法律禁止销售香烟给年龄不满法律禁止销售香烟给年龄不满16岁的人。岁的人。The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.2. 法律禁止在这块地上进行修建。法律禁止在这块地上进行修建。 The law forbids building on this land.3. 大多数父母都禁止自己的孩子吸烟。大多数父母都禁止自己的孩子吸烟。Most parents forbid their children to smoke.4. 国王禁止我们外出
17、。国王禁止我们外出。The king forbids us from going out.5. 在公共场合禁止吸烟。在公共场合禁止吸烟。 It is forbidden to smoke in public. 8. Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 有些国家比如中国和英国继续收集克隆能提供丰富有些国家比如中国和英国继续收集克隆能提供丰富的医疗帮助的证据。的医疗帮助的证据。a
18、ccumulate vt. n. 收集收集_ accumulation科学家们正从实验中收集数据证明他们的想法。科学家们正从实验中收集数据证明他们的想法。Scientists are trying to accumulate data from experiments to prove their idea.9. in favour of 赞成赞成;支持；有利于；主张支持；有利于；主张我弟弟支持我的建议，而我姐姐却反对。我弟弟支持我的建议，而我姐姐却反对。My brother was in favor of my suggestion while my sister was against i
19、t.do sb. a favour /do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙帮某人忙do sb. the favour to do sth.=do sb. a favour by doing sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事我很感激我邻居，他帮我照顾了我年迈的老奶奶。我很感激我邻居，他帮我照顾了我年迈的老奶奶。I am very thankful to my neighbor, because he did me a favor by taking good care of my old grandma.in favor of 赞成，支持赞成，支持The majority wer
20、e in favor of the reform while a few were against it. I am very much in favor of your idea. 根据汉字或英语提示完成句子根据汉字或英语提示完成句子(1) Would you _ (帮我个忙帮我个忙) and turn off the radio?(2) We are all _ (赞成赞成) equal pay for equal work.(3) I dont like to ask for help as a rule but I wonder if you could do me _ favour
21、this time.(4) The situation is _ (对我们有利对我们有利) now.do me a favourin favour ofain our favour全优全优P24 归纳拓展归纳拓展 compulsory adj. （因法律或规则而）必须做的，强制的，强迫的（因法律或规则而）必须做的，强制的，强迫的 Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗英语是必修课吗?Attendance at the meeting is compulsory.会议是必须参加的。会议是必须参加的。 owe v. 1.欠欠债债; 应当给予应当给予 He p
22、aid me the ten dollars he owed me. 他已还了欠我的十美元。他已还了欠我的十美元。 owe sb sth = owe sth to sb2.应把应把归功于归功于，起因于，起源于，起因于，起源于 He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life. 他把他身体健康归功于运动和有规律的生活。他把他身体健康归功于运动和有规律的生活。 owe it to sb that 把把归功于某人归功于某人 I owe it to you that I finished my work on time.3
23、.感激感激 He gave me a lot of help. I owed much to him. 他给我许多帮助他给我许多帮助, 我非常感激他。我非常感激他。 owing to 由于由于, 因为因为 = because of Owing to the rain, the match was canceled.因为下雨因为下雨, 比赛取消了。比赛取消了。Owing to the bad weather, we didnt go to the park.由于天气不好由于天气不好, 我们没有去公园。我们没有去公园。 shortly adv. 不久不久; 立刻立刻 She is shortly
24、to leave for Mexico.她很快要去墨西哥了。她很快要去墨西哥了。He went to travel abroad shortly after he retired. owe v. 1.欠欠债债; 应当给予应当给予 He paid me the ten dollars he owed me. 他已还了欠我的十美元。他已还了欠我的十美元。 owe sb sth = owe sth to sb2.应把应把归功于归功于，起因于，起源于，起因于，起源于 He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life. 他把
25、他身体健康归功于运动和有规律的生活。他把他身体健康归功于运动和有规律的生活。 owe it to sb that 把把归功于某人归功于某人 I owe it to you that I finished my work on time.3.感激感激 He gave me a lot of help. I owed much to him. 他给我许多帮助他给我许多帮助, 我非常感激他。我非常感激他。 owing to 由于由于, 因为因为 = because of Owing to the rain, the match was canceled.因为下雨因为下雨, 比赛取消了。比赛取消了。O
26、wing to the bad weather, we didnt go to the park.由于天气不好由于天气不好, 我们没有去公园。我们没有去公园。 shortly adv. 不久不久; 立刻立刻 She is shortly to leave for Mexico.她很快要去墨西哥了。她很快要去墨西哥了。He went to travel abroad shortly after he retired.be bound to 注定注定,一定会；有义务做一定会；有义务做明天天气一定会变好。明天天气一定会变好。The weather is bound to get better tom
27、orrow.即时练习：即时练习：将下列句子译成汉语。将下列句子译成汉语。(1) Im not bound to please her. _(2) He is bound to win. _ be bound to(介介) sth 被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上 be bound up with 与与有密切关系有密切关系我没有义务要讨好她。我没有义务要讨好她。他一定能赢。他一定能赢。 他气愤地敲了敲桌子。他气愤地敲了敲桌子。He struck the table angrily. 趁热打铁。趁热打铁。 Strike while the iron is hot. 我没有听到报
28、时钟声。我没有听到报时钟声。 I didnt hear the clock strike. 飓风袭击了该城市。飓风袭击了该城市。A hurricane struck the city. 我突然想到我突然想到, 我们应该制订一个新的方案。我们应该制订一个新的方案。It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan.他的话使我深感恐惧。他的话使我深感恐惧。His words strike fear/ terror into my heart. The bus drivers went on strike.公共汽车司机们举行罢工。公共汽车司机
29、们举行罢工。 strike struck struck 1. I know it happened, but I cannot _(回想起来回想起来). 2. Please _ the book tomorrow.3. His carelessness _ the accident. 4. The scandal may _ the government.5. You _ the best in me.6. He intends to _ some reforms.7. It is impossible to _(使死人复活使死人复活).bring backbring inbring outb
30、ring downbrought aboutbring it back to my mindbring the dead back to life带回带回造成，引起造成，引起击败击败使（某种通常不易显露的行为或情使（某种通常不易显露的行为或情感）显现；激发感）显现；激发 带进，引进带进，引进1. 我们没有白忙。我们没有白忙。 Our efforts were not in vain. 2. 他们尽量使她快乐他们尽量使她快乐, 却徒劳无功却徒劳无功. They tried their best to make her happy but in vain. 3. 我忍不住把那个秘密告诉了他。我忍不
31、住把那个秘密告诉了他。 I couldnt resist telling him the secret. I couldnt help telling him the secret.4. 他们决定留下来抵抗敌人。他们决定留下来抵抗敌人。They decided to stay and resist the enemy. resistance n. resistant adj. (be resistant to 对对有抵抗力有抵抗力)1. Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.克隆一直与我们同在，而且还要持续下去。克隆一直与我们同
32、在，而且还要持续下去。be here to stay 为大家所接受，得到公众的认可，为大家所接受，得到公众的认可，深入人心；成为时尚深入人心；成为时尚 Plastic furniture is here to stay. 塑料家俱已被普遍使用。塑料家俱已被普遍使用。It looks as if reality TV shows are here to stay. 看来电视真人秀节目成了一种风气。看来电视真人秀节目成了一种风气。I hope that equality of opportunity for women and men is here to stay. 我希望男女机会平等能得到公众
33、的认可。我希望男女机会平等能得到公众的认可。1. Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.克隆一直与我们同在，而且还要持续下去。克隆一直与我们同在，而且还要持续下去。be here to stay 为大家所接受，得到公众的认可，为大家所接受，得到公众的认可，深入人心；成为时尚深入人心；成为时尚 Plastic furniture is here to stay. 塑料家俱已被普遍使用。塑料家俱已被普遍使用。It looks as if reality TV shows are here to stay. 看来电视真人秀节目成了一种
34、风气。看来电视真人秀节目成了一种风气。I hope that equality of opportunity for women and men is here to stay. 我希望男女机会平等能得到公众的认可。我希望男女机会平等能得到公众的认可。 I.重点词汇及拓展重点词汇及拓展1. _vi.不同；相异不同；相异 _adj.不同的不同的 _ n.不同，不同之处不同，不同之处2. _ adj.精确的，准确的；精确的，准确的；_ adv.精确精确地，准确地地，准确地3. _adj.商业的；贸易的商业的；贸易的_ n.商业；贸易商业；贸易4. _ adj.简单的简单的;直接的直接的;坦率的坦率
35、的 5. _ n.程序程序;手续手续;步骤步骤6._ v.着手，从事，承担着手，从事，承担7. _v. 反对；不赞成反对；不赞成_ n. 不赞成；不赞成；反对；异议反对；异议8. _adj.道德（上）的，伦理的道德（上）的，伦理的_ adv.道道德上地，伦德上地，伦 理上地理上地9. _ vt.积累，聚积积累，聚积_ n.积累，聚积积累，聚积10. _ vt.退休退休;离开离开_ n.退休退休differdifferentdifferenceexactexactlycommercialcommercestraightforwardprocedureundertakeobjectobjectio
36、nmoralmorallyaccumulateaccumulationretireretirement1. 复制完全相同的副本复制完全相同的副本_2. 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清得到好结果；取得成功；偿清_3. 沮丧；不愉快沮丧；不愉快_4. 修正、订正修正、订正_5.引起一阵强烈的反对引起一阵强烈的反对_6.对对产生极大的影响产生极大的影响_7.打开人们的视野打开人们的视野_8.提出道德方面的问题提出道德方面的问题_9.改革司法制度改革司法制度_10.收集证据收集证据 _11. 支持；赞成支持；赞成_make an exact copy ofpay offcast downmake corr
37、ectionsraise a storm of objectionshave a great impact onopen everybodys eyesraise moral questionsreform legal systemsaccumulate evidencebe in favor of . 单词拼写单词拼写 1. The small town looks e_as it did when it was built 200 years ago. 2. For a teacher to hit a child is not just m_wrong but also illegal.
38、3. The problem is not s_ at all. In fact, it is complicated.4. No one o_ when the manager said it was time to go home. 5. My determination and patience paid off with a _(突破突破) in my job.IV.当堂训练exactlymorally straightforward objectedbreakthrough6. I cant_ (保证保证) that you will make a profit.7. The law
39、 _（禁止）（禁止） the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16. 8. We have worked out a new set of _（程（程序）序） for using this machine.9. It is _（义务的）（义务的）for a child under 16 to go to school.10. The police is _（收集）（收集）evidence to prove the man guilty. undertakeforbidsprocedurescompulsoryaccumulatingI
40、I. 同义句转换同义句转换1. Mrs Smith ordered her son not to leave without her permission. Mrs Smith _her son to leave without her permission.2. Are there any objections to making him monitor? Does anybody _ _ making him monitor?3. At the end of the class, the teacher concluded that only a few students supporte
41、d human cloning.At the end of the class, the teacher concluded that only a few students were _ _ _ human cloning.forbad/forbadeobject toin favour ofII. 同义句转换同义句转换4. The twins are different from each other in personality. The twins _ _ each other in personality.5. He has been denied the opportunity o
42、f attending the meeting, which made him feel sad and depressed. He _ _ _by being denied the opportunity of attending the meeting.6.Jeans are not suitable for formal parties.Jeans _ _ _ _ formal parties.differ fromwas cast downare not appropriate for问句翻译：问句翻译：1.为什么他们感到沮丧？为什么他们感到沮丧？Why do they feel ca
43、st down?2.这次试验中，什么是最大的突破？这次试验中，什么是最大的突破？What is the biggest breakthrough in the experiment?3.你反对这次改革吗？你反对这次改革吗？Do you object to the reform?4.为什么你认为这程序很复杂？为什么你认为这程序很复杂？Why do you think the procedure is complicated?III. 翻译句子翻译句子1.当父母老的时候，我们要承担起照顾他们的责任。当父母老的时候，我们要承担起照顾他们的责任。(undertake）We should underta
44、ke the responsibility of taking good care of our parents when they are old. 2. 这项工程引起了一阵强烈的反对。这项工程引起了一阵强烈的反对。(objection) The project raised a storm of objections.3. 尽管他同意这个计划，但并没作直接回答。尽管他同意这个计划，但并没作直接回答。(in favour of; make straightforward replies) Though he was in favour of the plan, he didnt make straightforward replies.Bye Bye
