1、第三讲第三讲 名词性从句名词性从句 难点突破难点突破重难点、考点重难点、考点1. that 引导名从不能省略的情况引导名从不能省略的情况2. whether / if 引导名从的异同引导名从的异同3. what / that 引导名从的区别引导名从的区别4. wh-ever 与与no matter wh- 的用法区别的用法区别5. 名从中的虚拟语气名从中的虚拟语气 that引导名从不能省略的情况引导名从不能省略的情况难点一难点一1. that引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时不能省略引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时不能省略2. 当一个主句有两个或多个并列的宾从时，引导第二个和当一个主句有
2、两个或多个并列的宾从时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的以后几个从句的that 不省略。不省略。 My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. 3. 由由it作形式宾语时，作形式宾语时，that引导的宾从中引导的宾从中that 不能省略。不能省略。 We all consider it important that children should take plenty of milk as they grow.4. 作介词宾语时作介词宾语时( e
3、xcept, but, in, ) Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless. whether / if 引导名从的异同引导名从的异同难点二难点二在名词性从句中在名词性从句中whether 和和if 含义均为含义均为“是否是否”，主，主要的用法异同如下：要的用法异同如下：1引导主语从句引导主语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句表语从句和同位语从句用用whether;2和和or not连在一起使用时连在一起使用时用用whether引导；引导；3引导介词后的宾从时引导介词后的宾从时用用whether；4一般情况下，宾语从句既
4、可用一般情况下，宾语从句既可用whether也可用也可用if引引导导Summarywhat / that 引导名从的区别引导名从的区别难点三难点三1. _ embarrassed me is that I didnt recognize him at first sight several days ago.2. _ Lily likes to ask questions is worthy of being praised.3.It is clear _ Betty is a lovely girl. 4.I have no doubt _ Daniel will make greater
5、progress if he has more confidence.5.Is _ Mr. Cai said just now true?6.It made me happy _ I received beautiful cards from my daughter on Mothers Day.WhatThatthatthatwhatthatwhat or that 在从句中的功能在从句中的功能 汉语意义汉语意义 能否省略能否省略 what thatSummary主语、表语、主语、表语、 宾语宾语事情、话语、事情、话语、样子等；相当样子等；相当于于 all that否否仅起引导作用，仅起引导
6、作用，不作任何成分不作任何成分无任何实际意无任何实际意义义引导单个宾从引导单个宾从时可省略时可省略wh-ever 与与no matter wh- 的用法区别的用法区别难点四难点四小试牛刀小试牛刀完成句子：完成句子：1. He wants _(我拥有的任何东西我拥有的任何东西).2. _ (无论我拥有什么无论我拥有什么), he wants them all.3. _(任何想看那部电影的人任何想看那部电影的人) may get a ticket free.4. _(无论谁想看那部电影无论谁想看那部电影), he may get a ticket free. 1.whatever I have 2
7、. Whatever / No matter what I have3. Whoever wants to see the film4. Whoever / No matter who wants to see the filmSummarywh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；而句；而no matter wh- 只能引导让步状语从句。只能引导让步状语从句。Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me.= No matter what I said, he wouldnt listen to me.He
8、 would believe whatever I said. (正确）正确）He would believe no matter what I said. （错误）（错误）1. I will believe _ you say. A. no matter what B. no matter how C. whatever D. however2. _ breaks the law wont escape punishment. A. No matter who B. Whoever C. No matter whom D. Whomever3. _, I will support you.
9、A. Whatever happens B. Whenever happens C. Wherever happens D. However happensCBA名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气 难点五难点五1.it 作形式主语的主从中的虚拟语气作形式主语的主从中的虚拟语气 It is + 形容词形容词 / 过去分词过去分词+ that . + (should) do 形容词形容词: important ,necessary, natural, strange 过去分词过去分词: suggested, advised, proposed, recommended, ordered,
10、 demanded, required, requested(1) It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.(2) It is required that nobody (should) smoke here. 一坚持一坚持 insist二命令二命令 order, command三建议三建议 advise, suggest, propose四要求四要求 demand, desire, request, require2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气在表示要求、命令、建议等动词后的宾
11、从中，其谓在表示要求、命令、建议等动词后的宾从中，其谓语部分用语部分用 (should ) do.(1)The captain ordered all the people (should) leave quickly one by one.(2)The doctor advised the patient (should) be sent to a better hospital immediately. 3. 表从和同位从中的虚拟语气表从和同位从中的虚拟语气在在order, suggestion, advice, proposal, requirement, request, desire
12、等名词后面的表从等名词后面的表从和同位从中，其谓语部分用和同位从中，其谓语部分用 (should) + do.(1)My proposal is that all the family members (should) take a trip to Hainan in this Spring Festival.(2)Would you please consider our suggestion that we (should) be given more freedom in our study life?名词性从句专题训练名词性从句专题训练1. Having checked the doo
13、rs were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. why B. that C. when D. where【解析解析】选选B. 考查宾从中考查宾从中that的省略。主句动词后的两的省略。主句动词后的两个或多个宾从，其连接词个或多个宾从，其连接词that 从第二个宾从开始不能省从第二个宾从开始不能省略。此题略。此题the doors were closed为动词为动词check的第一个的第一个宾从，故连接词宾从，故连接词that省略了。省略了。2. _ seems st
14、range to us is _ the troublesome boy is getting along well with his teachers now.A. It ; that B. What; how C. It; how D. What; that【解析解析】选选D. What seems strange to us是由是由what引导的主语从句，且引导的主语从句，且what充当其主语成分；充当其主语成分；that the troublesome boy is getting along well with his teachers now是由是由that 引导的表语从句，引导的
15、表语从句，that不充当不充当成分，无实际意义，仅起连接作用。成分，无实际意义，仅起连接作用。 3. It is generally considered unwise to give children _ they want. A. however B. whateverC. whichever D. no matter what【解析解析】选选B. 本题考查由本题考查由whatever引导的名词性从引导的名词性从句。句。whatever they want 引导宾从，充当主句中动词引导宾从，充当主句中动词give的宾语，泛指的宾语，泛指“任何东西任何东西”；而；而whichever是有是有
16、范围可供选择的范围可供选择的“任何一个任何一个”；no matter what只能只能引导状从，不能引导名从。引导状从，不能引导名从。 4. We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【解析解析】选选C. 本题考查由本题考查由whoever引导的名词性从引导的名词性从句。句。whoever attends the party充当充当promise的宾语，的宾语，意思为：任何一个参加聚会的人，且意思为
17、：任何一个参加聚会的人，且whoever在该宾在该宾从中充当主语成分，相当于从中充当主语成分，相当于anyone who attends the party; A、B选项为疑问语气词选项为疑问语气词“谁谁”； D项引导名从，项引导名从，充当宾语。充当宾语。5. _ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which 【解析解析】选选B. 本题考查由本题考查由what 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句, 且在且在该主从中，该主从中，what
18、充当主语。句意：令这本书与众不同的充当主语。句意：令这本书与众不同的是作者富有创造性的想象力。是作者富有创造性的想象力。6. _ struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. A. That B. It C. What D. Which 【解析解析】选选C。本题考查由本题考查由 what引导的主语从句，引导的主语从句，且且what在该主从中充当主语。句意：这部电影最打在该主从中充当主语。句意：这部电影最打动我的是父亲对儿子深切的爱。动我的是父亲对儿子深切的爱。7. It doesnt matter _ yo
19、u turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.A. whether B. how C. if D. when 【解析解析】选选A。 本题考查主语从句的引导词。此题中本题考查主语从句的引导词。此题中it 为形式主语，为形式主语，whether you turn right or left at the crossing 为真正的主从。引导主语从句，表为真正的主从。引导主语从句，表“是否是否”不不能用能用if, 只能用只能用whether. 8. As a new graduate, he doesnt know_
20、it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. when D. which 【解析解析】选选B。本题考查宾语从句。在本题考查宾语从句。在what引导的宾引导的宾语从句中，语从句中，what充当动词充当动词take的宾语，注意结构：的宾语，注意结构：It takes sb. sth to do.意思为：做某事需要花费某人意思为：做某事需要花费某人( 时时间、金钱、精力等）。间、金钱、精力等）。9. I have no idea _ the journalist could have got this information from.A.
21、 that B. why C. which D. where【解析解析】选选D。考查同位语从句。考查同位语从句。where引导的同位语引导的同位语从句，解释说明从句，解释说明idea的内容。句意：我不知道这个记者的内容。句意：我不知道这个记者可能从哪里得到这则信息的。可能从哪里得到这则信息的。10. We should consider the students request that more books on popular science _ for the school library. A. provide B. should provideC. be provided D. pr
22、oviding【解析解析】选选C。本题考查名丛中的虚拟语气。本题考查名丛中的虚拟语气。that more books on popular science (should) be provided for the school library 是名词是名词request的同位的同位语从句，语从句，request表表“要求要求”，故用虚拟语气。，故用虚拟语气。11. The manager in the end decided to give the chance to _ he believed had a good command of English. A. who B. anyone C
23、. whoever D. whomever【解析解析】选选C。whoever 引导的宾语从句，引导的宾语从句，whoever 在此宾从中充当主语，相当于在此宾从中充当主语，相当于anyone who had a good command of English， 句中句中“he believed”是插入语成分。是插入语成分。12. I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why【解析解析】选选B。考查宾语从句。考查宾语从句。whether引导的
24、宾引导的宾从充当主句中介词从充当主句中介词of 的宾语。的宾语。“whetheror” 意意为为“无论无论还是还是”。13. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight, there are living things. A. wherever B. where C. there D. that wherever【解析解析】选选D。that 引导同位语从句，解释说明引导同位语从句，解释说明truth的内容。在此同位语从句中的内容。在此同位语从句中, wherever there are air, water and sun
25、light, 表示表示“ 在有空气、水和阳光在有空气、水和阳光的地方的地方”，地点状语。再如谚语：，地点状语。再如谚语：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。有志者，事竟成。14. The little boy who got lost decided to remain _ he was and waited for his father. A. what B. where C. there D. that【解析解析】选选B。考查表语从句。考查表语从句。where he was 充当主充当主句中连系动词句中连系动词remain的表语成分
26、。句意：那个迷路的小的表语成分。句意：那个迷路的小男孩决定呆在他原来的地方等他爸爸来。男孩决定呆在他原来的地方等他爸爸来。15. I really dont know _ I had my pocket picked.A. where was it that B. it was where thatC. where it was that D. was it where that【解析解析】选选C。考查宾语从句的语序，且该宾从为强考查宾语从句的语序，且该宾从为强调句的特殊疑问句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。句意：调句的特殊疑问句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。句意：我真的不知道到底是在哪里我的钱包被扒窃
27、掉的。我真的不知道到底是在哪里我的钱包被扒窃掉的。16. He insisted that he_ right in doing that. A. should be B. was C. would be D. is【解析解析】选选B。本题中本题中insist意思为意思为 “坚持认为坚持认为”，故不需要用虚拟语气，当其表示故不需要用虚拟语气，当其表示“坚决要求坚决要求”的时候，的时候，其宾从谓语部分要用其宾从谓语部分要用should + be / do, should 可以省可以省略。如：略。如：He insisted that he was innocent and that he (sho
28、uld) be set free. 17. The news spread quickly through the village_ the war had ended, _ made villagers wild with joy. A. which; that B. that; whatC. that; which D. what; which【解析解析】选选C。第一空是第一空是that引导的同位语从句，解释引导的同位语从句，解释说明中心名词说明中心名词news的内容，第二空格是的内容，第二空格是which引导的非引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前面的主句内容。限制性定语从句，指代前面的主句内
29、容。18. Water, which seems so simple and common, is _ makes life possible. A. what B. that C. which D. how【解析解析】选选A。what引导的表语从句引导的表语从句, 充当主句连系动充当主句连系动词词is的表语，且该表从中的表语，且该表从中what充当主语成分。句意：水，充当主语成分。句意：水，似乎很简单常见，却是生命延续所必须要的东西。似乎很简单常见，却是生命延续所必须要的东西。19. The newcomer went to the library the other day and sea
30、rched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever 【解析解析】选选C。考查宾语从句。考查宾语从句。whatever he could find about 作主句动词词组作主句动词词组search for的宾语的宾语, 且在该且在该宾从中，宾从中，whatever也充当动词也充当动词find的宾语成分，意为的宾语成分，意为“任何任何的东西的东西”。20. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
31、 A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which【解析解析】选选A。考查主语从句。主从考查主语从句。主从“What matters most in learning English ”意为意为“学英语时最关键的学英语时最关键的是是”，what 在该主从中充当主语成分。在该主从中充当主语成分。21. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International sales, please? A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 【解析解析】选选C。考查宾语从句。考查宾语从句。whoe
32、ver 在该宾从中在该宾从中充当主语成分，充当主语成分，whoever is in charge of International sales = anyone who is in charge of , D选项只能引选项只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。22. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what; / C. which; t
33、hat D. /; that【解析解析】选选B。第一空格考查第一空格考查what 引导的宾从，引导的宾从，what在该宾从中充当在该宾从中充当have的宾语；第二空格考查定语从句，的宾语；第二空格考查定语从句，省略了关系代词省略了关系代词that，先行词为，先行词为something, 在该定从中在该定从中作作get的宾语。的宾语。23. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why【解析解析】选选
34、C。考查表语从句。考查表语从句。whether引导的从句引导的从句, 充当主句系动词充当主句系动词is的表语。句意：医生们真正担心的是我的表语。句意：医生们真正担心的是我妈妈严重的病情是否可以很快恢复。妈妈严重的病情是否可以很快恢复。24. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because【解析解析】选选B。考查同位语从句。考查同位语从句。“that he had to m
35、eet his uncle at the airport ”是主句中心名词是主句中心名词reason的同位语，解释说明其内容。的同位语，解释说明其内容。25. _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. that; because【解析解析】选选B。第一空格考查第一空格考查what引导的主语从句，引导的主语从句，what在该主从中充当主语成分；第二
36、空格是在该主从中充当主语成分；第二空格是that 引导的引导的表语从句，表语从句，that仅起连接作用，不充当成分。句意：令这仅起连接作用，不充当成分。句意：令这所学校感到骄傲的是，已经有超过所学校感到骄傲的是，已经有超过90%的学生被重点大的学生被重点大学录取。学录取。26. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _ after 11 oclock at night. A. were not played B. not be played C. not to play D. did not play【解析解析
37、】选选B。考查名从中的虚拟语气。在主从考查名从中的虚拟语气。在主从“ It is politely requested by the hotel management that” 中，中，request 表要求，表要求，B选项为：选项为：should not be played。27. I m afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why【解析解析】选选D。考查考查why引导的表语从句。句意：我觉引导的表语从句。句
38、意：我觉得他说得多做的少，这就是为什么他从来都不能做完一得他说得多做的少，这就是为什么他从来都不能做完一件事的原因。件事的原因。28. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether【解析解析】选选B。考查考查what 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句, 意思为：意思为：这种药会带来什么副作用还不确定。若选这种药会带来什么副作用还不确定。若选D项，正确句项
39、，正确句子应该是：子应该是：It is uncertain whether the medicine will bring about side effect. 29. Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that【解析解析】选选D。考查同位语从句考查同位语从句. “that childrens early sleeping p
40、roblems are likely to continue when they grow up” 是是evidence 的同位语，解释其内容。的同位语，解释其内容。30. - What a mess! You are always so lazy! - Im not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me. ( 2014 江苏卷）江苏卷） A. how B. what C. that D. who【解析解析】选选B。考查考查what 引导的表语从句。在该表从引导的表语从句。在该表从中，中，what充当充当made的宾语补足语成分的宾语补足语成分, 意思为意思为 ：的样的样子。再如：子。再如：The city is no longer what it was ten years ago. 这个城市不再是它十年前的样子了。这个城市不再是它十年前的样子了。Summary1. that 引导名从不能省略的情况引导名从不能省略的情况2. whether / if 引导名从的异同引导名从的异同3. what / that 引导名从的区别引导名从的区别4. wh-ever 与与no matter wh- 的用法区别的用法区别5. 名从中的虚拟语气名从中的虚拟语气
