1、UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONSExpress feelings and describe situations1. To learn to use the past participles as the attribute and the object complement.2. To be able to write a story or describe situations by using the past participles.What is the past participle? a broken heartan injured mancrowded
2、 buses1 Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. 2 They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, 3 They had castles built all around England, Look at the sentences and underline the past participles. In pairs, discuss their functions. Then find more sentences wit
3、h the -ed form in the text.as the attributeas the attributeas the attributeas the object complementPast Participles as the Attribute (2) visitors _ of the long wait /a trip _ well by my workplace / stars _ beautifully at the event / Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past particip
4、les in the left column. Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Then make sentences with the phrases.Past Participles as the Attribute (1) tired visitorsa well-organised trip beautifully dressed starstiredorganiseddressed 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的被动的、完成的动作，宾语动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾
5、语是补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 eg He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.一、一、the past participles过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 常接过常接过去分词作宾语补足语去分词作宾语补足语的动词有的动词有感官动词感官动词，如，如watch, see, observe, look, hear, listen, find, notice等；等；使役使
6、役动词动词如如make, get, have, keep, leave等。等。 eg I watched the desk carried out of the classroom. The man found his hometown entirely destroyed. My mother has her hair cut every two months. We must get the work finished before 6 oclock. The speaker didnt know how to make himself understood. want, order等表示
7、等表示希望、命令希望、命令等意义的等意义的动词后也常跟过去分动词后也常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。词作宾语补足语。 eg All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting. The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible. 介词介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结复合结构构。 eg With more flowers planted, the garden looks much more beautiful
8、. 现在分词、过去分词、不定式现在分词、过去分词、不定式作作宾语补足语有宾语补足语有什么区别？什么区别？I saw him get off the bus.I saw him lying on the road.I saw him knocked down by a car.do 主动，全过程主动，全过程done 被动，完成被动，完成doing 主动，进行主动，进行Read the sentences and underline the -ed form as the object complement.1 Judy and I had our car parked in an undergr
9、ound car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 2 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.3 We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise
10、at the entrance of the National Gallery.4 Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.PracticeYou are a policeman writing a report about a house
11、 that has been broken into. Use the past participle below as the object complement to describe what you found. steal, disconnect, wash, repair, mend, check, open, lock, examine, clean, break, insure Report of a House Break-in at 26 Mount Pleasant Road, Cambridge When I entered the house I found the
12、telephone _, the windows _ and the door _. I was overcome by the smell. disconnectedbrokenopenedPracticeI had to get the kitchen _, the cooker _ and the floor _ before I could look into the problem. Mrs Smith had had the house _ and _ a few months ago so it should have been safe. Nobody should have
13、been able to enter without permission. I had the locks _ and the windows _ before I left. Mrs Smith was very grateful. cleanedrepairedwashedsteal, disconnect, wash, repair, mend, check, open, lock, examine, clean, break, insure lockedmendedcheckedexaminedPracticeShe had only had three valuable jewel
14、s _ and as she had had them _ she was not too upset. She thinks the gardener may have stolen a key and be the person who broke into the house. Signed : Police Constable Stephen BriggsDate: 21/9/ 2021steal, disconnect, wash, repair, mend, check, open, lock, examine, clean, break, insure insuredstolen
15、二、二、the past participles过去过去分词分词(短语短语)作定语作定语 过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，而单个过去分词作而单个过去分词作定语时一般定语时一般前置前置； 过去过去分词作定语时和被修饰词分词作定语时和被修饰词之间是被动关系；之间是被动关系； 当当过去分词是像过去分词是像state-owned, heart-felt, hand-made等这样等这样的复合形式，或者前面有副词修饰时，一般放在被修饰词的复合形式，或者前面有副词修饰时，一般放在被修饰词前面作前置定语。前面作前置定语。及物动词及物动词的过
16、去分词的过去分词作定语作定语被修饰词与过去分词为被修饰词与过去分词为被动关系且表示动作已被动关系且表示动作已完成或描述状态完成或描述状态He is a teacher loved by his students.不及物动词不及物动词的过去分词的过去分词作定语作定语没有被动意义，只表示没有被动意义，只表示动作已完成动作已完成There lived a retired teacher in the area.Rewrite the sentences with past particles as the attribute, and then see whether you can write a
17、 little story with them.1 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.Carl and
18、 his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3 The familys ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.The familys ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4 The young people were attracted
19、by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.1. Judy and I had our car parked in an unde
20、rground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. charge v. to take in and store electricity 充电充电 to state officially that sb may be guilty of a crime 控告控告 to ask sb for a particular amount of money for sth you are selling 收费收费 eg The hotel charges $125 a night. Gib
21、bons has been charged with murder.【归纳归纳】take charge of 负责管理负责管理/照顾照顾charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯指控某人犯罪罪in charge of 负责负责, 主管主管charge sb. for (doing) sth. 收取某人收取某人(做做)的费用的费用in the charge of 由由负责负责free of chargechargen.v.for free免费免费charge n. 收费收费; 指控指控; 主管主管【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1) Your order will be del
22、ivered _ (免费免费) within a ten-mile limit.2) They charged me five dollars _ a cup of coffee.3) The project is _ (在在掌管之下掌管之下) an experienced engineer.4) The man arrested by the police _ (被指控被指控) stealing.5) At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny usually two or three cents was _(要价，收费要价，
23、收费).was charged withfree of chargeforin the charge ofcharged2. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around. approach v. to move towards or nearer to sb or sth 接近接近; 靠近靠近 to deal with sth 着手处理着手处理 to speak to, write to, or
24、visit sb in order to do sth 接洽接洽 eg Im not sure how to approach the problem. Shes been approached by a modelling agency. approach n. 接近接近; 方法方法; 途径途径【归纳归纳】1) approach sb. for / about sth. 要求某人要求某人(做做) be approaching 快到了；正在接近快到了；正在接近2) at the approach of 在在快到快到的时候的时候 make an approach / approaches to
25、接近；逼近；交涉；对接近；逼近；交涉；对进行探讨进行探讨 approach to 接近，近似，约接近，近似，约等于等于； (做某事做某事)的方法的方法(途径途径)【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1) _ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.2) At the meeting they discussed three different approaches _ the study of mathematics. 单词拼写单词拼写3) She also _(靠
26、近靠近) dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Approachingtoapproached 表达表达“做做的方法的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：时各自的搭配分别是：the approach to (doing) sth.the way to do / of (doing) sth.the means of (doing) sth.the method of (doing) sth. 分别与不同的介词搭配：分别与不同的介词搭配：with this method, in this way, by this meansapproach, way,
27、means, method都有都有“方式方式”、“方法方法”、“途径途径”之意之意【语境应用语境应用】用用approach/way/means/method的适当的适当形式填空。形式填空。1) He told me a new _ to the study of English.2) You must solve this problem with different _.3) The blocks are raised by _ of pulleys (滑轮滑轮).4) There are several possible _ of payment.approachmethodsmeansways1. Complete the activities of Using Structures on Page 80-81.2. Preview Listening and Talking.
