1、Unit 4 The History and Traditions Period 3 Discovering useful StructuresRevision单句语法填空单句语法填空1. 2019.江苏卷江苏卷In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became_(puzzle) about something.2. 2017.浙江卷浙江卷 Her friends came to help her when the war broke_.3.
2、 2018.全国川卷全国川卷 In fact, tradition also refers_ the things that have been developing and that are still being created. 4. 2016.四川卷四川卷The female hormones also protect body in another way, They help the body defend itself _some kinds of infections.5. 2020.浙江卷浙江卷The hungry bear followed his nose to our
3、camp,which_ (surround) by a high wire fence.puzzledouttofrom/againstwas surroundedKey Words chargetd v.&n.charge sb.with (doing) sth.in charge of announcenans vt.announce sth. to sb.amountmant n.a large/small amount ofKey Words gallerylri n.习语习语play to the gallery landscapelndskep n.同义词同义词sights,sce
4、nerybutterbt(r) n.Key Words approachprt n.&v.the approach of.at the approach of ensuren(r) v.ensure the safety ofensure(that)generousdenrs adj.be generous to sb.positionpzn n.Key Words ancestor nsest(r) n.honey hnin.Lead in Whats the past participle? A damaged cultural relic A broken heartA closed d
5、oorLets play.amountannouncegenerousgalleryhoneyapproachensure 快速翻译出苹果上的单词，快速翻译出苹果上的单词， 就能帮助刺猬拿到苹果哦！就能帮助刺猬拿到苹果哦！positionlandscape butterchargeancestor1. a broken glass_ 2. polluted river _3. an honored people _ 4. a fallen leaf _ 5. the risen sun_ 6. trained camels_7. retired workers_ 8. a wounded so
6、ldier_9. a tired boy_ 10.the affected people_11.a lighted candle_ 12. a used stamp_13.an escaped prisoner_ 14. a sunken ship_15. returned students_ 16.a faded painting_下面是不及物动词的过去分词作定语的下面是不及物动词的过去分词作定语的短语，找出其中的过去分短语，找出其中的过去分词并翻译成中文词并翻译成中文。碎了的玻璃杯碎了的玻璃杯(被被)污染的河污染的河受尊敬的人们受尊敬的人们 落叶落叶(叶子已经落下叶子已经落下)已升起的太阳
7、已升起的太阳 被训练过的骆驼被训练过的骆驼退休工人退休工人(已经退休已经退休)受伤的士兵受伤的士兵疲倦的男孩疲倦的男孩受感染的人受感染的人Practice点燃的蜡烛点燃的蜡烛用过的邮票用过的邮票逃跑了的囚犯逃跑了的囚犯 沉船沉船归国的学生归国的学生 褪色的画褪色的画 Last weekend, a girl named Mary went to the amusement park. When she saw the pirate ship, She is scared at first. But when she adapted, she felt very excited and no l
8、onger so afraid. That night, the tired girl went home. Look at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed).Practice1 Most people just use the shortened name: the United Kingdom or the UK.2 They use the same flag. known as the Union Jack, .3 They had castles built all around Engl
9、and, .Express feelings and describe situations1 Look at the sentences and underline the past participles. In pairs, discuss their functions. Then find more sentences with the -ed form in the text.When the past participle is used as the object complement, it is often formed with the have/ get/feel/.
10、+ object + -ed form.lets learn (as the attribute) (as the attribute) (as the object complement)The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain,England- many people are confused by what these different names mean. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 过去分词作定语和
11、宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(1)过去分词是一种非谓语形式。分词有两种形式，一种是现在在分词过去分词是一种非谓语形式。分词有两种形式，一种是现在在分词(v. -ing)，一种是，一种是过去分词过去分词(v. -ed)。现在分词一般表示主动和进行，过去分词一般表示被动和完成。分词。现在分词一般表示主动和进行，过去分词一般表示被动和完成。分词在句中可作定语、状语、补足语和表语。在句中可作定语、状语、补足语和表语。lets learn 一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语例如：例如：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们
12、必须调整思路来适应我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。改变了的情况。（该句中的过去分词（该句中的过去分词changed意为意为“改变的改变的”，在句中做定语，用以修饰名词，在句中做定语，用以修饰名词conditions “条件条件”。此时该句等于被动语态的句子。此时该句等于被动语态的句子We must adapt out thinking to the conditions that have been changed.）过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语(一一)过去分词作定语时的位置过去分词作定语时的位置位置位置例句例句The injur
13、ed passengers were sent to hospital quickly.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。被修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。The evidence found by this policeman proved Tom innocent.注意注意:有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语放在被修饰的名词之后，如语放在被修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的剩余的)， concerned(有关的有关的)等。等。There are few
14、 tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词之前被修饰词之前。lets learn 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(二二)过去分词作定语时的意义过去分词作定语时的意义意义意义例句例句总结总结表示被动表示被动和完成和完成The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried o
15、ut soon.表示完成表示完成Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.不及物动词的过去分词作定语不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被没有被动意义，动意义，不表示被动，只表示完成。不表示被动，只表示完成。及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动和完成。和完成。lets learn 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(三三)现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别例句例句总结总结lets learn The cellphone belonging to
16、 me was stolen last week.现在分词作定语表示主动或正在进行。现在分词作定语表示主动或正在进行。The bridge built in 2020 was designed by a local company.而过去分词作定语时表示被动或完成。而过去分词作定语时表示被动或完成。过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(四四)三种非谓语形式作定语的区别三种非谓语形式作定语的区别三种非谓语形式作定语三种非谓语形式作定语 例句例句总结总结lets learn doneThe meeting held yesterday is very important.被动的动作
17、已经完成被动的动作已经完成being doneAll the members of the team have attended the meeting being held.被动的动作正在发生被动的动作正在发生to be doneIt is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow.被动的动作将要发生被动的动作将要发生过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语二、过去分词作宾语补足语二、过去分词作宾语补足语(一一)特征及含义特征及含义 例句例句总结总结lets learn People are glad
18、 to see the problems solved within seven days.They found all the guests gone when they woke up.1.及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间有逻辑上的被动关系，表示被动意义或语之间有逻辑上的被动关系，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时两者兼有。已完成的意义，有时两者兼有。2.不及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时，不及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间没有逻辑上的被动关系，只表示与宾语之间没有逻辑上的被动关系，只表示宾语的性质或状态。宾语的性质或状态。(二二)过
19、去分词作宾语补足语的几种情况过去分词作宾语补足语的几种情况过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语 例句例句总结总结 lets learn 2.在使役动在使役动词词后，如后，如have, make, get, keep, leave等。等。1. I often hear the idioms spoken in conversations.1.在感官动词在感官动词(词组词组)后，如后，如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice等。等。感官动词感官动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语，宾语补足语，如果宾语和宾语补足语
20、之间是如果宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。词作宾语补足语。2. He found his house broken into when he got back home.使役动使役动词词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语，如宾语补足语，如果宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑果宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑关系上的关系上的被动被动关系，用过去分词关系，用过去分词作宾语补被做足语，意为作宾语补被做足语，意为“让让/使使.被做被做”。1. My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.2. I m
21、ade myself known to my new colleagues(二二)过去分词作宾语补足语的几种情况过去分词作宾语补足语的几种情况lets learn 过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语 例句例句总结总结3.在表示在表示“希望、要求希望、要求”等等意义的动词后，如意义的动词后，如like, want, wish,order等，省略了过去等，省略了过去分词前的分词前的to be。4.用在用在“with+宾语宾语+宾语补宾语补足语足语”结构中。该结构通常结构中。该结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。原因等状语。With his work fin
22、ished, John went out for a walk.The teacher doesnt wish such questions (to be) discussedin class.在在“with+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构中，如果宾语和宾语补结构中，如果宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。足语。Practice2 Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past participles in the Left column.
23、Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Then make sentences with the phrases.Past Participles as the Attribute (1)tired visitorsa well-organised tripbeautifully dressed starsPast Participles as the Attribute (2)visitors_of the long wait/.a trip_well by my workplace/.stars_beautifully at the eve
24、nt.tiredorganised dressed Practice1 Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Tratalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.2 When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.3 We found our
25、selves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4 Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Goghs Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the paintingas there were 80 many people around.5 She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it wa
26、s delivered safety.3 Read the sentences and underline the -ed form as the object complement.1I was the first Western TV reporter _(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空）所给词的适当形式填空）2The Terracotta Army, _(build) around 2,200 years ago, was in
27、tended to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in his afterlife. （所给词的适当形式填空）（所给词的适当形式填空）3Each persons comfort food largely depends on where they come fromfor a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, _(serve) hot, salty and sour.（所给词的适当形式填空）（所给词的适当形式填空）4Yangshuo is really beautiful. A stu
28、dy of travelers _(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. （所给词的（所给词的适当形式填空）适当形式填空）5Chinas National Development and Reform Commission is taking a number of measures _ (design) to cut the production and use of plastics over the next five years
29、. （所给词（所给词的适当形式填空）的适当形式填空）Practice用单词的适当形式完成句子用单词的适当形式完成句子permittedbuiltservedconducteddesignedPractice1 Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2 Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was home
30、made.4 Rewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute, and then see whether you can write a little story with them.Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
31、Practice3 The familys ancestors once attended to solders who were wounded in the First World War.4 The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.4 Rewrite the sentences with past participles
32、 as the attribute, and then see whether you can write a little story with them.The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.The familys ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.Discussio
33、nShe looked very worried because there were lots of matches left.She wished all her matches sold but nobody bought a single one.Discuss with partner, describe the story by using the past participle of the verb as the attribute, predicative or object complement. DiscussionShe didnt wear any shoes bec
34、ause she had her shoes lost.She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs huddled up.Discuss with partner, describe the story by using the past participle of the verb as the attribute, predicative or object complement. DiscussionDiscuss with partner, describe the story by using the past par
35、ticiple of the verb as the attribute, predicative or object complement. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree decorated very beautifully.The lighted candles were burning brightly and she seemed very delighted.DiscussionThe next day, people saw the girl frozen to death.What a poor girl !Discuss wi
36、th partner, describe the story by using the past participle of the verb as the attribute, predicative or object complement. Language point(2)n.主管主管,掌管掌管.费用费用,收费收费;指控指控,控告控告搭配搭配take charge of负责，掌管负责，掌管(短语动词短语动词) in charge of负责负责,掌管掌管(短语介词短语介词)in the charge of= in ones charge .负责负责/掌管掌管 free of charge
37、免费免费.where we could get our car battery charge.在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。charge n.&v.(1)charge v. 充电充电,收费收费,要价要价,指控指控,控告控告搭配搭配Charge sb. with (doing) sth.指控指控/指责某人指责某人(做做)某事某事Before use, the battery must be charged.电池使用前必须充电。电池使用前必须充电。写出每句中写出每句中charge的词性和词义的词性和词义The charge for transport will be
38、increased because the price of petrol is going up._1 wonder how much you charge for your service._n.费用费用v. 收费收费Language pointannounce v.宣布宣布;通知通知;声称声称announce sth. to sb. = announce to sb. sth.向某人宣布某事向某人宣布某事搭配搭配announce that. 宣布宣布.As is announced. 据报道据报道.It is announced that. 据报道据报道.We heard it anno
39、unced that there were no audio guides left. .我们听到服务台宣布没有语音导游了。我们听到服务台宣布没有语音导游了。单句语法填空单句语法填空The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry announced the news _the reporters.We are pleased_(announce) that all five candidates were successful.toto announceLanguage pointamount n. 金额金额;数量数量a large small amount of
40、+不可数名词不可数名词+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词 large/small amounts of +不可数名词不可数名词+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词A large amount of money was spent on the protection of the rare species.=Large amounts of money were spent on the protection rare species.We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise
41、at the entrance of the National Gallery.我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪音感到非常惊讶。我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪音感到非常惊讶。Language point词组积累词组积累“许多，大量许多，大量”的多种表达的多种表达(1) a good/great many+可数名词复数可数名词复数+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词 a large/great number of +可数名词复数可数名词复数+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词(2)a large quality of+不可数名词不可数名词+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词单句语法填空单句语法填空W
42、ith more forests being destroyed, a large amount of good earth _(be) being washed away each year.There_(be) large amounts of information about the authors birthplace.as areLanguage pointapproach(1) v.接近接近,接洽接洽,着手处理着手处理 vi.靠近靠近例句例句:We need to take a different approach to the problem. 我们应该采用另一种方法来解决这一
43、问题。我们应该采用另一种方法来解决这一问题。 He is rather difficult to approach. 他很难接近。他很难接近。It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.周围有那么多人，很难接近那幅画。周围有那么多人，很难接近那幅画。(2)n.接近接近,靠近靠近,方法方法,方式方式,通路通路,路径路径搭配搭配:the approach of .的来临的来临/临近临近 at the approach of .快到的时候快到的时候approach to (doing) sth. (
44、做做)某事的方法某事的方法/方式方式 the approach of autumn秋天的来临秋天的来临Language pointensure vt. 保证保证;确保确保;担保担保( make sure)搭配：搭配：ensure the safety of. 确保确保.的安全的安全 ensure (that) . 确保确保.注意注意在日常英语中，人们一般说在日常英语中，人们一般说make sure,而不说而不说ensure。She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely. 她把这幅画的副本装
45、在盒子里，以确保它能安全送达。她把这幅画的副本装在盒子里，以确保它能安全送达。根据中文含义填空。根据中文含义填空。1. We tried to_(保证保证)that everyone got a fair deal.2. Her father always _(确保确保) she was well provided for. 3. Ensure _(确保确保.)whatever you gain now will be for keeps. 4. We want to _(确保确保.的安全的安全)the safety of our guests. ensure ensured ensure t
46、hat Language point词语辨析词语辨析 approach, way，means与与method用这种方法用这种方法做某事的方法做某事的方法the approach to doing sth.approachwayin this waythe way to do /of doing sth.meansby this meansthe means of doing sth.methodwith this methodthe method of / for doing sth.语法填空语法填空1.what we need are new approaches_solving the p
47、roblem.2._this way, we ca get along with each other happily and peacefully. toInLanguage pointCarl and his friends stayed with a generous family.卡尔和他的朋卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里友们住在一个慷慨的家庭里.generous adj.慷慨的慷慨的;大方的大方的;丰富的丰富的搭配搭配be generous to sb.对某人慷慨对某人慷慨/大方大方 be generous with sth. 不吝惜某物不吝惜某物It is generous
48、of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是大方的。某人做某事是大方的。词语积累词语积累generously adv.慷慨地，大方地慷慨地，大方地 generosity n.慷慨的慷慨的;大方的大方的例句例句:He is essentially a very generous man.他本质上是个十分慷慨的人。他本质上是个十分慷慨的人。 He was a warm, generous and kind-heated man. 他是个热情、大方、善良的人。他是个热情、大方、善良的人。根据中文意思填空。根据中文意思填空。1. _ (对某人慷慨对某人慷慨/大方大方)those who needs
49、your help.2. You can be_ (不吝惜某物不吝惜某物)your smiles, your advice, and many other things.Be generous to generous withLanguage point注意注意当当position,situation,point,case,stage等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用句中作状语时，定语从句常用where引导。引导。They are now in a better position where they can be ver
50、y successful this year.year.他们现在处于一个较好的境况中，今年他们可能会很成功。他们现在处于一个较好的境况中，今年他们可能会很成功。They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.他们站在山上，用相机和双筒望远镜眺望湖面。他们站在山上，用相机和双筒望远镜眺望湖面。position位置位置;要态要态;职位职位;处境处境,状况状况搭配搭配:in/out of position在在/不在适当的位置不在适当的位置put/place
