1、.Unit 4 GlobalizationText A In Search of Davos Man 寻找达沃斯人.马云用手机扫码花马云用手机扫码花3888838888元买走了今元买走了今年双年双1111的第一单，刚刚从日本运来的的第一单，刚刚从日本运来的蓝鳍金枪鱼。蓝鳍金枪鱼。1010月月1919日，赵薇的酒庄在日，赵薇的酒庄在天猫旗舰店上线天猫旗舰店上线.Golbalization.Over many centuries, human societies across the globe have established progressively closer contacts. Rec
2、ently, the pace of global integration has dramatically increased. Unprecedented changes in communications, transportation, and computer technology have given the process new impetus and made the world more interdependent than ever.Multinational corporations manufacture products in many countries and
3、 sell to consumers around the world. Money, technology and raw materials move ever more swiftly across national borders. Along with products and finances, ideas and cultures circulate more freely. As a result, laws, economies, and social movements are forming at the international level.Now ,lets enj
4、oy a video .Part Division of the TextMatch the ideasSentence Translation . Part Division of the Text Part Para(s)Main Ideas 113 245Introduction to Davos Man and the World Economic Forum.Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culture. 3684911Globalization versus nationalism an
5、d the challenges it facesHistory of globalization and its recent trends and future prospects.In Part IV, a further division in the camp of DavosMan is illustrated. Some, like Patrick Sayer, areless keen on the global market than others, becausenational borders still hinder global trade. Part IV Para
6、.9-11.Also in Part III, there is a contrast between Davos Man and Manila Woman. While Davos Man may disregard national loyalty,Manila Woman is fiercely patriotic. Part III Para.6-8.In Part II, we learn that Prof. Huntingtons viewpointDiffers from that of Charles Schwab. The former warns that Davos M
7、an poses a threat toAmerican values, whereas the latter argues that endorsing a global outlook does not mean erasing national identity. Part II Para.4-5.Part I Para.1-3 From Part I, we know that although both William Browder and Alex Mandle are so-called Davos Men, They are different. The former, bo
8、rn in the US, gaveup his US passport to become a British citizen becausenational identity makes no difference for him. The latter, although an Australian by birth and spending of his adult life outside the US, holds his Us citizenshipdear. .Match the ideasIn the text, there are many names and ideas
9、mentioned. Scan and match the idea presented in Column B with the person in Column A. There are more names listed.Column B A. There are still too many barriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world. . Manila woman are strongly patriotic. . Cultural identity should be local and nati
10、onal in nature. . U.S. and European companies are now facing high-quality, low-cost competition from overseas. . I see myself as American without any hesitation.Column A1. John Chambers2. Marco Tronchetti Provera3. Alex Mandl4. Patrick Sayer5. Klaus Schwab6. William Browder7. Valerie Gooding. True o
11、r False People call William Browder an American, because he was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. FWilliam Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But dont call
12、 him an American.( )T( )2. Browder believes that national identity makes no difference for him.3. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization. He never views himself as an American.FHe sees himself as American without hesitation.( )4. Davos man refer to the members of the international bu
13、siness lite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum.T( ).6. Professor Samuel Huntington describes Davos Man as an emerging global superspecies and a threat.5. At the World Economic Forum, the issues discussed include everything from post-electio
14、n Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology.T( )T( ).1. Did global trade exist in the past? What did people doing global trade think of it then?Yes, global trade has been around for centuries. In the past, the corporations and countries that benefited
15、from global trade were largely content to treat vast parts of the world as places to mine natural resources or sell finished products.第六段第六段.2. What is Goldman Sachs（高盛集团） prediction about the world economy in the future?P99 第八段He predicted that four economies Russia, Brazil, India and China will be
16、come a much larger force in the world economy than widely expected, based on projections of demographic and economic growth, with China potentially overtaking Germany this decade. By 2050, these four newcomers will likely have displaced all but the U.S. and Japan from the top six economies in the wo
17、rld.第八段第八段.Davos Man needs to figure out how to strike a balance on a global scale between being international and being national at the same time.3. Who does Manila Woman（马尼拉女人）refer to?P99 第九段It refers to low-paid migrant workers from Asia and elsewhere who are increasingly providing key services
18、around the world.Unlike Davos Man, Manila Woman is strongly patriotic.第九段第九段4. What does the author think Davos Man need to figure out?第十一段第十一段.1. Huntington argues that Davos Mans global-citizen self-image is starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeply committed to their na
19、tion.亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。2. If the issue is the size of the total pie, globalization has proved a good thing. If the issue is how the pie is divided, if youre in the Western world you could question that.Sentence Translation 如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那
20、全球化已经被证明如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那全球化已经被证明是件好事。如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，是件好事。如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就会质疑全球化。那你就会质疑全球化。.3. The question is whether it will take another 140 years for Davos Man to figure out how to strike the same balance on a global scale. 问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上140年，才能搞明年，才能搞明白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平
21、衡。白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平衡。4. 他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。Both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth.7.随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将此视作威胁，甚至危险。此视作威胁，甚至危险。5. 欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。There are still too many b
22、arriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world.6. 这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。That may sound like a narrow nationalism, yet it contains a hidden wisdom.As borders and national identities become less important, some find that threatening and even dangerous.globaliza
23、tion: n. free flows of capital, labor, technology, and personal contact across national bordersSome see the spread of English as an international language as just another consequence of globalization.Thanks to globalization, the burger you buy in Moscow is exactly the same as the one you buy in New
24、York.Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations.sweep aside: clear away or get rid of suddenly or forcefully; refuse to pay attention to他们对所有的反对意见不予理睬。They swept all the objections aside.Anyway, by then she was sure that Julius would simply have swept any
25、 curbs aside.Collocation：扫清，迅速消灭扫清，迅速消灭sweep away扫掉，扫掉， 清除清除sweep outsweep over打扫干净，收拾干净打扫干净，收拾干净sweep up眺望，环视眺望，环视.asset: n.1) money or property that a person or company ownsCopyrights, patents, trademarks, brand names, and trade secrets are all part of a companys intangible assets. 目前，他们的资产有目前，他们的
26、资产有623万美元。万美元。Currently, they have $6,230,000 in assets.2) an advantage or a resourceThe most powerful asset we have is our skilled, dedicated workforce.A sense of humor is an important asset for any teacher.National identity makes no difference for me. (P1, L9)Which side wins makes no difference to
27、 him.姚明的缺席似乎对休斯顿火箭队没有姚明的缺席似乎对休斯顿火箭队没有太大的影响。太大的影响。The absence of Yao Ming seemed to make little difference to the performance of the Houston Rockets.make no / little difference: have no / little effect (on), be of no / little importance (to).Mandl who has been a U.S. citizen for 45 years still identi
28、fies himself as an American.(P2, L7) identity: n. 身份，同一性，一致 identify: v. 确定，识别，认同 identify as: recognize and correctly name someone or sth.Eg. His accent identified him as a Frenchman. The policeman identified him as the thief.members of the international business lite who trek each year to the Swis
29、s Alpine town(P3, L4)lite: n. a group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skills这些人构成了有决定权的精英集团。这些人构成了有决定权的精英集团。These people form an elite who have the power to make decisions.Collocation:political/social/economic elite政治政治/社会社会/经济精英经济精英Only
30、 a small elite can afford to send their children to this school.Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five years(P3, L8)a handful of: a very small number of people or thingsThat place was of little in
31、terest. I only took a handful of pictures.What counts is having a handful of young that are exceptional.earnest: adj. marked by or showing deep sincerity or seriousness你可以笑，但我绝对是认真的。你可以笑，但我绝对是认真的。Collocation:in earnest郑重地，严肃认真郑重地，严肃认真Friends described Jackson as an earnest, hard-working young man.Yo
32、u may laugh but Im in deadly earnest. .Whatever their considerable differences, most Davs Men and Women share at least one belief (P3, L14) considerable: adj. fairly large, especially large enough to have an effect or be important Eg: Attracting tourists to the area is going to take considerable eff
33、ort. Eg: A considerable amount of research was done here by our science department.他们有资格享有许多优惠和特权。他们有资格享有许多优惠和特权。In an essay entitled “Dead Soul: The Denationalization of the Amrican Elite,” (P4, L2)They are entitled to enjoy many advantages and privileges.Full-time employees are entitled to receive
34、 health insurance.2) give someone the official right to do or have sth.She was reading a poem entitled A Red Red Rose.entitle: vt.1) give a title to 给给题名，给题名，给取名取名.vanish: vi. disappear suddenly, especially in a way that cannot be easily explainedEg: My keys were here a minute ago but now theyve van
35、ished.Eg: I locked it up in the safe. It couldnt have vanished into thin air!have little need for national loyalty, view national boundaries as obstacles that thankfully are vanishing(P4, L9).and see national governments as residues from the past whose only useful function is to facilitate the elite
36、s global operations.(P4, L10)facilitate: vt. make it easier for a process or activity to happenBoth centers are electronically linked to facilitate communication.学校都建在同一校区内，以便资源学校都建在同一校区内，以便资源共享。共享。Schools were located in the same campus to facilitate the sharing of resources.Huntington argues that
37、Davos Mans global-citizen self-image is starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeply committed to their nation. (P4, L12)小事，不要紧的东西小事，不要紧的东西at odds with: in conflict with; disagreeing or quarrelling withThe government decision to raise taxes was at odds with their policies on
38、inflation.Collocation：矛盾，不一致矛盾，不一致at odds没有关系，无关紧要没有关系，无关紧要it makes no odds占优势占优势take oddsodds and ends.A lot of money has been committed to this project.中国承诺发展低碳经济。中国承诺发展低碳经济。China is committed to pursuing a low carbon economy.be committed to: promise to do (sth.); be devoted to.argues that endorsi
39、ng a global outlook does not mean erasing national identity.(P5,L3)endorse: vt. give support or approval toThe Prime Minister is unlikely to endorse this view.Collocation：赞成提议赞成提议/想法想法/候选人候选人endorse a proposal / an idea/a candidate背书支票背书支票endorse a cheque.没有什么东西可以使他忘记那件事。没有什么东西可以使他忘记那件事。他擦去了错误答案他擦去了
40、错误答案, 写上了正确答案。写上了正确答案。erase: vt. remove by or as if by rubbing, wipe outTheir dream is to erase poverty and injustice from the world.Nothing can erase the incident from his memory.He erased the wrong answer and wrote in the right one. .Even as the globalization of capital accelerated in the 1980s, m
41、ost foreign investment was between(P6, L5)accelerate: v. (cause to) move faster or happen earlier选手们跑过弯道时平稳地加速。选手们跑过弯道时平稳地加速。The runners accelerated smoothly round the bend.However the past two decades have witnessed the rise of other significant players. (P7, L1)The witness was asked to identify th
42、e defendant in the courtroom.witness: 1. vt. be present and see2. n. someone who sees a crime or an accident and can describe what happened20世纪世纪80年代，电子传媒得到了空前的发展。年代，电子传媒得到了空前的发展。The 1980s witnessed an unprecedented increase in the scope of the electronic media.A landmark 2003 study by Goldman Sachs
43、 predicted that four economies(P8, L1)landmark: n.1) sth. that is easy to recognize, such as a tall tree or building, and that helps you know where you are这座塔曾是船只的陆标。这座塔曾是船只的陆标。The tower was once a landmark for ships.2) one of the most important events, changes, or discoveries that influences someon
44、e or sth.小孩的出世是所有相关人生活中一件大事。小孩的出世是所有相关人生活中一件大事。The birth of a child is an important landmark in the lives of all concerned.with China potentially overtaking Germany this decade. (P8, L6)overtake (overtook, overtaken): 1. v. go past a moving vehicle or person because you are going faster than them an
45、d want to get in front of themTelevision soon overtook the cinema as the most popular form of entertainment.2. vt. catch up with or pass after catching up withBefore you start to overtake, make sure the road is clear ahead of you.在工业产量方面德国迅速超过了英国。在工业产量方面德国迅速超过了英国。Germany rapidly overtook Britain in
46、industrial output.she says, theyre not ambivalent about being strongly patriotic.(P9, L10)patriotic: adj. feeling, or expressing, inspired by love of for ones countryRelatives remembered him as a deeply patriotic man.The presidential candidate said paying higher taxes was a patriotic act.and complai
47、ns there are still too many barriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world. (P10, L4)let alone: much less; not to mention他连带领保龄球队的本事都没有，他连带领保龄球队的本事都没有，更别提领导国家了。更别提领导国家了。He was incapable of leading a bowling team, let alone a country.Pattern:let sb /sth. be 别打扰，不干预别打扰，不干预let sth. dr
48、op / fall无意中说出，不经意透露无意中说出，不经意透露let sb. / sth. go 放，释放放，释放.domestic: adj. of or inside a particular country Eg: Security on domestic flights in the US has been stepped up considerably. Eg: To make a domestic call, please dial 1+Area Code+Phone Number.So hes focused Eurazeo on its domestic market.(P10
49、, L5).The question is whether it will take another 140 years for Davos Man to figure out how to strike the same balance on a global scale.(P11, L10)strike a balance: find a compromise between two conflicting thingsEffective organizations will strike a balance that allows them not only to accept unce
50、rtainty but to take advantage of it.他发现平衡家庭和工作的关系是很困难的。他发现平衡家庭和工作的关系是很困难的。He was finding it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.Useful Expressions 1. 国家认同国家认同national identity2. 扫除扫除sweep aside3. 寻找寻找in search of4. 狂热信徒狂热信徒a fervent believer5. 认为认为identify as6. 毫不迟疑毫不迟疑with
