1、The Attributive Clause洪山镇中心学校洪山镇中心学校 杨红明杨红明Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy is Harry Porter Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy _ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses定语从句定语从句一、概念一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. (在句子中作在句子中作定语定语) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is
2、a boy who has magic power.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，why二二结构结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 句子句子关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which2.引导
3、定语从句的关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词三、用法三、用法: :These are the trees which / that were planted last year.先先行行词词是是人人关系代词关系代词: who whom whose that which先行词是先行词是物物These are the students who / that won the first place last year.Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang
4、. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主语宾语定语宾语主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhomthatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose1.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词关系代词关系代词who, that, wh
5、om引导的定语从引导的定语从句句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示人的名词或代词，是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用关系代词应用who, that (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)whom (作作宾语宾语)关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系，关系代词应用代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词 1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句 2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词 3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带
6、回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语） 4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选择则选择关系副词关系副词。1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别用法区别. who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaki
7、ng at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语 whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语 that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语. The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.可省略可省略 The man who / that is speaking at the
8、 meeting is a worker. whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语 whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.2. which, that 的的用法
9、用法which 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He
10、is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?小结：小结： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语
11、，可以省略。 which指物，作主语，不能省略；作指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略宾语，可以省略. who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。3. 只能用只能用that的情况的情况 序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first pl
12、ay that I have seen since I came here.everything, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行词被先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same,
13、the last修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him. 主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. 当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now. The man and his dog that I alwa
14、ys meet are standing by the gate.4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前介词提前) .指指人只用人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked. This is the boy whom/that/who he talked with. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. This is the ring which/that she spent 1000 dollars on.Its an invention whi
15、ch /that is used for keeping off the rain .飘飘Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the windIts the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.Its an animal that/which.Its an animal that / which has big nose.Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is
16、my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a busi
17、ness man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.由由Who Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、T
18、he boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor _ you are lo
19、oking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for _ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that由由Whom Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用whom 7. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students _ native(本国
20、的本国的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that由由Whose Whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, , 在句中做定语在句中做定语10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11、
21、 The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、The room in _ there are many books is mine. A. that B. who C. which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. when由由Which Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whichthat14. All _ is needed
22、 is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything只能用只能用that引导引导16. Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17
23、. This is the first car _ arrived this morning. A. which B. who C. that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时饰时只能用只能用that引导引导18. I know all people _ are from that village. A. who B. that C. whose19. There is no water _ is needed badly. A. which B. who C. that20. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B
24、. that C. in which先行词被先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导21. That is the very book _ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing _ he owns. A. who B. that C. which先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last
25、 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which先行词被既有人又有物时先行词被既有人又有物时只能用只能用that引导引导24. Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which主句已有主句已有who或或which时时,只能用只能用that 引导引导关系副词：关系副词：when/ where/why
26、when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know
27、 the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExerci
28、se1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A. which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B
29、.where C.what D.that 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why
