1、2024年初中英语单选解题技巧附历年中考易错题一.单选解题方法1. 直接法直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已供信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。例:Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me?Sorry. My mother always tells me there.A. not goB. goC. not to goD. to go【解析】根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式,即tell sb. not to do sth.,故此题应选C。2. 关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词,它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们
2、称这些词为关键词key words。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口,例:He hardly hurt himself in the accident, ?A. didnt heB. did heC. does he【解析】该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly, never, little, few等否定意义的词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同,此处hurt未加s,应为过去式。因此本题答案B是正确的。3. 类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小,不妨利用如果A对,那么B也对的类推法,从而可将A、B予以否定,例:Wh
3、os the man at the door? .A. He is a doctorB. He is a friend of mineC. He is a famous singerD. He is twenty【解析】仔细分析备选答案就可发现:A、C选项针对的是职业。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。4. 前后照应法此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案,例:He isnt a teacher, is he? .He works in a hospitalA. Yes, he isB. No
4、, he isntC. Yes, He isntD. No, he is【解析】本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答,我们知道他的身份不是教师;对反意疑问句的回答要根据实际情况。因此应选择的是B。5. 排除法根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪,例:The girl asked the teacher .A. what does the museum looks likeB. what did the museum look likeC. what the museum looks likeD. what the
5、 museum looked like【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态,故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误,所以D为正确答案。6. 交际法此方法可用交际用语,联系上下文直接解题,例:Would you like to have another cup of tea? .A. Yes, I doB. Not al allC. No, thanksD. Help yourself【解析】本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请,如果表示不接受时,应委婉说出,不能断然拒绝。因此,选C是最佳答案。二. 思维定势解题误区思维定
6、势,指的是我们习惯性的思维方式。学生在做题时往往会受固定搭配,习惯用法等思维方式的影响,凭着经验或感觉快速解题。当然,这有利于提高解题速度,但有时也会把学生的思维引向“歧路”。现举例分析,以引起大家注意。如:1. Shanghai is larger than _ city in Jiangsu.A. anyB. any otherC. otherD. one【解析】仔细分析该题,就会发现本句中两个比较的双方Shanghai和Jiangsu是“相互不包含”关系。此句实际是Shanghai与Jiangsu的任一个城市进行比较,故选A。2. There are a lot _ apples in
7、this basket than in that oneAmostBmoreCofDmuch【解析】此题学生往往会受短语a lot of的影响而选C,仔细研读该题则会发现此句是一个比较句型,句中的a lot实际上是用来修饰比较级的,该题的正确答案为B。3. What did you _ at the meeting yesterday?AspeakBtellCsayDtalk【解析】这道题学生一看会根据“在会上发言,speak at the meeting”这一短语而选A。实际上这一句的意思是“你昨天在会上讲什么了?”疑问词what在句中作动词say的宾语,指说的内容,故选取答案C。4. Th
8、e bus is coming. Let s_A. get it onB. get it offC. get on itD. get it off【解析】此题容易受“动词副词”短语的影响,把代词放在此结构的中间,而选答案A。表示上/下车时,此时on/off是介词,需要把代词放在on/off的后面,所以答案为C。5. I d heard a lot _England. Some things were as I thought.A. ofB. aboutC. toD. for【解析】此题表面一看很简单,根据短语a lot of 选答案A。再看看句意,“我听说许多英国”,则发现正确答案为B,意为“
9、听到很多有关英国的情况,有些正如我想的一样”。6. Must I finish the work before five o clock?No. You _ finish it before eightA. mustn tB. needn tC. can tD. can【解析】对must引导的一般疑问句否定回答常用No,you needn t结构。但细细分析本句,就可以从标点看出No和它后面的部分实为两个句子,结合句意,可知答案为D。7. There _a film tomorrow evening.A. will haveB. haveC. is going to beD. has【解析】此
10、句意思很明显,“明天晚上有电影”。“有”易受汉语影响而选答案A。实际上本句应用There be句型,应选择C。三. 解题的注意事项1. 认真地阅读题干,哪怕是不需要填空的句子。2. 熟记语法知识、固定短语、习惯用法。3. 注意区分同(近)意词、同(近)意短语。4. 学会寻找并发现题目中的关键点或隐含信息。5. 注意解题方法的熟练运用单项选择题的解题技巧和方法有很多种。但是,并不是一个题目只能运用一种方法,有时需要两种方法同时运用,这就需要熟练掌握各种方法的特点,以便能灵活运用。解单项选择题还需灵活运用所学知识,对句子的结构和意义加以合理的分析和理解,这样才能得出正确答案。易错题汇总1. _ i
11、t is today!A. What fine weatherB. What a fine weatherC. How a fine weatherD. How fine a weather解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. weather是不可数名词,前面不能有不定冠词。英语中经常考查的不可数名词有work, news, adivice, information等。2. Which is the way to the _?A. shoe factoryB. shoes factoryC. shoes factoryD. shoes factory解析:选A. 此题极易误选B, C, D. 英语中
12、名词单数可以修饰名词,如:an apple treetwo apple trees. 但注意 a man teachertwo men teachers。3. This class _ now. Miss Gao teaches them.A. are studyingB. is studyingC. be studyingD. studying解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. class, family, team等单词如果表示整体谓语就用单数,表示个体就用复数,从语境及其后面的代词them可以看出,class表示个体,故选择A。4. We will have a _ holiday afte
13、r the exam.A. two monthB. two-monthC. two monthsD. two-months解析:选择B. 此题容易误选C, D. 在英语中数词中间用连字符号加名词单数,构成符合名词,在句中只能作定语, 如果选择C, 需要把逗号放s后面。5. There is no enough _ on the corner to put the table.A. placeB. roomC. floorD. ground解析:选B. 此题最容易误选A.。room在句中是空间而非房间。句意:角落里没有摆桌子的空间了。6. We can have _ blue sky if we
14、 create _ less polluted world.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the解析:选A. 此题容易误选C, D. 根据句意:如果我们创造一个没有污染的世界,那么我们就用一个蓝色的天空。7. Are you _ American or English? English. We are working in Wuhu.A. aB.不填C. theD. an解析:选B 此题容易误选D. 句中American是形容词而非名词,如果句中改为Are you _ or an English man? 就选择D。8. You like playing b
15、asketball, and he likes running, _?A. dont youB. doesnt heC. do youD. does he解析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 其实不是对前面的句中进行反问,而是对he likes running进行反问。9. Why not take _ umbrella with the sign “ Made in China”? It is _ useful umbrella.What _ good advice it is!A. an; an; aB. an; a; 不填C. a; an; aD. 不填; an; a解析:选B. 大多数学生
16、容易做错此题。记住an用在元音音素前而不是元音字母前,记住了这一点就知道了an umbrella 和a useful umbrella. 在最后一句中advice是不可数名词,前面不能接不定冠词。故选择B。10. When shall we meet again next week? _ day is possible. Its no problem with me.A. EitherB. NeitherC. EveryD. Any解析:此题非常难,选D. 下周任何一天都可以再次见面。Any在肯定句中意思是“任何的”。下周有七天容易排除A, B. 如果把next week 改为next Mon
17、day or Tuesday, 则必须选择A。11. Robert has gone to _ city and hell be back in a week.A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. any other解析:选C. 三个以上另外一个用another, other一般情况下修饰名词复数, the other表示两个中的另外一个,any other任何别的。句意:罗伯特去了另一个城市,一周后回来。12.A latest magazine, please.Only one left. Would you like to have _?A. itB. oneC
18、. thisD. that解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 根据句意: 买一份最新报纸,只剩下一份了,你要买这份吗?据此我们知道指的就是手里的那份报纸,并不是同一类事物。13. Which book would you like to borrow?_ of the two books is OK with me.A. EitherB. BothC. AnyD. None解析:选A. 此题容易误选B. 根据two books好容易排除C, D. 从谓语动词单数is 我们排除B。故选择A。14. Mrs. Lee teaches _ math. We all like her.A. weB. us
19、C. ourD. ours解析:选B. 考查学生对teach sb sth。的掌握情况。此题容易误选C. 误选C的学生是看见后面有名词math, 思维定势名词前面必须用形容词性物主代词。15. There are many trees on _ side of the street.A. eitherB. anyC. allD. both解析:选A. 此题容易误选D. 街道只有两边,排除B, C. both后面接复数,on either side of the strreet等于on the both sides of. 。如果选择D. side必须用复数形式。16._ is the popu
20、lation of the city?A. How manyB. WhatC. How many peopleD. How much解析:B. 此题容易误选A, C. 人口多少用What. 相当于How many people are there in the city?17. Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have _ ?A. itB .thatC. oneD. this解析:选 C. 同类事物用one. 句意:为什么我们不休息一会儿?刚才我们不是才休息吗?18. The teacher asked the boy many q
21、uestions,but he only answered_ of them.A.someB.lotsC.eachD.few解析:A. 此题会误选D. 但前面有only, 如果去掉副词则选D。19.About _ the fans are waiting here. They want to see the great singer.A. two thousand ofB.two thousandC.thousand ofD.two thousands of解析:选D. 此题极容易选错,误认为是B. 但two thousand后面直接接名词复数,不能有冠词the, 句意是:歌迷中大约有2000
22、人在那里等,想看看这位伟大的歌星。20. How many apples do I have? You can have _. I want none of them.A. oneB. allC. bothD.some解析:选B. 学生易误选A , D. 其实如果没有I want none of them这句话,四个答案都是对的。从句意:我一个也不想要,就知道你可以吃所有苹果。21.Japan is _ the east of China. Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.A. in; inB. to; inC. on ; toD. in; to解析:选B
23、. 日本位于中国东部(外面)用to, 台湾位于中国东部(内部)用in。22.The postman shouted, “ Mr Green, here is a letter _ you.”A. toB. fromC. forD. of解析:选C. 介词的考查。句意:Mr Green, 这是你的信。学生容易误选A。23.He hasnt heard from his friend _ last month.A. sinceB. by the end ofC. forD. until解析:A. 此题学生容易受思维定势not until的影响误选D。since用于现在完成时,如果此题是一般过去时就
24、选择D。24.Jimmy lost his key yesterday._? Its his third time in just one month.A. Has heB. Did heC. Was heD. Does he解析:B. 根据上一句一般过去时可以判断。25.Youve passed the exam. Im happy _ you.A. onB. atC. inD. for解析:选D. 句意:你考试及格了,我为你高兴。26. I wonder _ they finished so many different jobs in such a short time.A. whyB.
25、 howC. whenD. where解析:选B. 句意:我想知道他在如此短的时间内是怎样完成这么多不同工作的。27. Ought I to go right now?_.A. Thats very bad.B. Yes, you go ought toC. Yes, you oughtD. No, you ought not to解析:选D. 句子的肯定回答为:Yes, you ought to. 否定回答为:No, you ought not to.28. I dont know when he _. When he _ here, Ill call you in a minute.A.
26、will come; will arriveB. comes; arricesC. will come; arrivesD. comes; will arrive解析:选C. 第一句是宾语从句根据语境用一般将来时,第二句是时间状语从句,由于主句是一般将来时,那么从句要用一般现在时来代替。29. He turned _ the radio a little because his father was asleep.A. onB. downC. upD. off解析:选B. 此题学生会误选D. 但后面有个副词短语a little, 故选择B, 意为:把收音机调小一点,父亲在睡觉。如果去掉a li
27、ttle则选择D。30. I dont know the homework _ today.A. onB. inC. ofD. for解析:选D. 句意:我不知道今天的家庭作业。31. Would you like some coffee?Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _ milk.A. withB. toC. ofD. on解析:A. 此题学生极易受思维定势prefer to 的影响误选B。句意:我喜欢加牛奶的咖啡。32. They each _ a book. Each of them _ from China.A. h
28、as;areB. have; isC. are having;areD. is having;is解析:选B. 此题考查主谓一致。此题应该用一般现在时,排除C, D. each作同位语谓语动词与主语保持一致,each做主语谓语动词用单数。33. _ you _ your book to the library? Yes. I returned it yesterday.A. Did, returnB. Have, returnedC. Will, returnD. Do, return解析:选择B. 此题容易误选A. 从句意看:你把书归还图书馆了吗?是的。我昨天归还了。对现在的影响是“书不在这
29、儿了”。34. Though its cloudy now, it _ get sunny later.A. canB. mayC. mustD. need解析:选B. 表示可能性用may. Can主要表示两种用法,一种是表示能力,另外一种是请求许可; must必须;need需要。35.It is in the library, you _ talk loudly.A. may notB. cantC. needntD. mustnt解析:选D。mustnt表示禁止,不准。根据句意:在图书馆,禁止大声说话。36. If anyone wants to say something in clas
30、s, you _ put up your hands first.A. mustB. mayC. shouldD. can解析:选C。句意:课堂上如果你想说点东西,你应该举手。37.The pen _ him ten yuan.A. paidB. costC. tookD. spent解析:选B. 动词辨析。主语是物用cost. Pay, spend的主语是人。Take的形式主语是it。38. The train _ for twenty minutes.A. leftB. has leftC. is leavingD. has been away解析:选D. 此题形式会误选B. 但瞬间性动词
31、不能与一段时间for twenty minutes连用。39. How many books _ they _? Five. But they havent finished reading even one.A. didborrowB. hadborrowedC . willborrowD. doborrow解析:选A。此题考查时态,根据语境:他们一本也没有读完。可知他们以前借了5本书。强调过去。40. He _ his bike,so he has to walk there.A. lostB. has lostC. had lostD. loses解析:选B. 此题考查时态,根据语境他丢了自行车,对现在造成的影响是不得不走路。