1、Contents题型要求题型要求1解题步骤解题步骤2Click to add TitleClick to add Title4解题步骤解题步骤3例题解析例题解析题型介绍题型介绍 选词填空题是大学英语四级考试的新题型，考测选词填空题是大学英语四级考试的新题型，考测综合能力综合能力，占整个考试，占整个考试分值不高，共分值不高，共5 5* *7.1=35.57.1=35.5 选词填空题的文章长度选词填空题的文章长度 在在220220250250词左右，要词左右，要 求从给出的求从给出的1515个词中个词中选选 择择1010个个填入合适的空中。填入合适的空中。 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOReadi
2、ng in depth: (25 minutes)1. Banked cloze (at most 7 m”)2. Passage 13. Passage 2做题时建议大家把这道题放到最后做做题时建议大家把这道题放到最后做3. 选词填空的选词填空的15个待选词分成个待选词分成名词、动词、形容词、副词名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类。考的最少的是副词四大类。考的最少的是副词adv, 不超过两个空。不超过两个空。剩下的三种平均每次有三道题剩下的三种平均每次有三道题2. 一篇留出空白的短文，后面给出一堆提示词和干扰词，提一篇留出空白的短文，后面给出一堆提示词和干扰词，提示词示词 （prompts）就是
3、）就是10个正确选项，干扰词（个正确选项，干扰词（distractors）就是另外就是另外5个错误选项。个错误选项。1. Banked cloze 的短文第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起的短文第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，概括、提示的作用。所以，一定要认真看懂第一句一定要认真看懂第一句。4. 4. 词性分配的基本比例：词性分配的基本比例： 3 3个名词正确答案个名词正确答案+ +1 1个名词干扰答案个名词干扰答案 3 3个动词正确答案个动词正确答案+ +1 1个动词干扰答案个动词干扰答案 3 3个形容词正确答案个形容词正确答案+ +2 2个形容词干扰答案个形容词干扰答
4、案 1 1个副词正确答案个副词正确答案+ +1 1个副词干扰答案个副词干扰答案选项中动词时态与文章时态一致。选项中动词时态与文章时态一致。题型特点题型特点: :解题步骤解题步骤 :第一步o 第一步：通读全文第一步：通读全文read through (0.5分分钟钟)、注意首、末段第一句、确定主题。、注意首、末段第一句、确定主题。解题步骤解题步骤 :第二步o 第二步：辨析选项词性，名词前写第二步：辨析选项词性，名词前写n， 动词前动词前写写v等等。等等。(1分钟分钟)如何辨别所给词的词性如何辨别所给词的词性1. 不认识的单词看词缀不认识的单词看词缀2. 认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性认识的
5、单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性3. 动词归类要细分为动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。因为一个空。因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing形式形式要根据语法判断。要根据语法判断。4. 一个单词有多个词性时，要在不同分类中都标出。一个单词有多个词性时，要在不同分类中都标出。5. 如果选项中出现一组近义词或反义词时，往往有如果选项中出现一组近义词或反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项。一个是干扰选项。如何确定被选答案词性如何确定被选答案词性 标词性时的切入点是后缀标词性时的切入点是后缀suffixsuffix，也就是词缀。，也就是词缀。 常见名词后缀：常
6、见名词后缀： -sion，-tion，如：，如：starvation，attraction -ity，如：，如：quality，diversity 其他其他 -age, -ness, -ty, -ship, -ace, -ance, -ancy, -ence, -ency, -dom, -itude, -um, -mony -al 如何确定被选答案词性如何确定被选答案词性 常见动词后缀：常见动词后缀：: : -ate， 如：如：estimate，generate -en， 如：如：widen，worsen 其他，其他，-ize, -ise, -fy如何确定被选答案词性如何确定被选答案词性 常见
7、形容词后缀：常见形容词后缀： -able，-ible 如：如：stable，affordable, feasible , irresistible -tive，-sive， 如：如：destructive，excessive ，sensitive -ous， 如：如：unconscious，enormous 其他其他 -ent, -ant, -ful, -ary, -ic, -cal, -less如何确定被选答案词性如何确定被选答案词性 常见副词后缀：常见副词后缀： -ly， 如：如：deliberately，completely，remarkably， 其他其他 -ward, -wards：
8、 如：如：downward, inwards, upward -ways： 如：如：always, sideways -wise： 如：如：otherwise, clockwise 如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性： 动词：动词：a）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）。）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）。b) 一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词c）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。 名词：名词：a. 名词主要做主语、宾语。名词主要做主语
9、、宾语。b. 形容词或名词都可以修饰名词形容词或名词都可以修饰名词例：例：The hot, humid (潮湿的潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe _49_ thunderstorms.（49可能是形容词，也可能可能是形容词，也可能是名词修饰是名词修饰thunderstorms）c. 限定词（限定词（the, this, that, a, my之类）后必有名词之类）后必有名词d. 谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语e. 介词后面必有名词介词后面必有名词. 副词修饰形容词或动词副词修饰形容词或动词 Context Cont
10、ext 中的逻辑关系？中的逻辑关系？ 常见的逻辑关系词如下常见的逻辑关系词如下：(1)并列关系并列关系：and, or, as well as 等等(2)对比或转折关系：对比或转折关系：but, however, on the contrary, rather than, though 等等(3)比较关系：比较关系：as . as, like, similarly等等(4)因果关系：因果关系：because, for, since, as a result of, therefore, thus 等等(5)举例关系：举例关系：for example, for instance, such as
11、, and so on 等等(6)递进关系：递进关系：whats more, moreover, in addition 等等解题步骤解题步骤 :第三步o 第三步：选词填空第三步：选词填空 fill in the gaps (4fill in the gaps (4分钟分钟) )o 调动语法知识，先确定单词的词性，再去后面调动语法知识，先确定单词的词性，再去后面的的list list 中找同一词类的选项，挑出正确答案。中找同一词类的选项，挑出正确答案。o 提醒：词性要标在选项的前面，也就是提醒：词性要标在选项的前面，也就是A A， B B， C C的前面。也可标在两组选项的中间空白处，的前面。
12、也可标在两组选项的中间空白处，方便对照。也可以在标完词性之后，把同一词方便对照。也可以在标完词性之后，把同一词性的词用线连起来，这样答题的时候会找得快性的词用线连起来，这样答题的时候会找得快一点。一点。解题步骤解题步骤 :第四步o 第四步：回顾检查第四步：回顾检查 review （0.5分钟）速分钟）速度要快，将答案带入全文，再次通读全文，度要快，将答案带入全文，再次通读全文，看所选的答案是否能使全文通畅，情节、推看所选的答案是否能使全文通畅，情节、推理等是否符合逻辑。理等是否符合逻辑。例题解析例题解析 The flood of women into the job market booste
13、d economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done （1）_ by women-ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing （2）_ work- - - - s t i l l n e e d t o b e d o n e b y someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a （3）_ that has chan
14、ged the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “ and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.A) scale B) retailed C) generate D) extreme E) tech
15、nically F) affordable G) situation H) really I) potential J) gap K) voluntary L) excessive M) insulted N) purchase O) primarilyAlthough there is still a big wage (4)_ between men and women, the income working women (5)_ them new independence and buying power. For example, women now (6)_ about half o
16、f all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers （7）_women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are （8）_ customers. Its interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to （9）_ pay attention to women c
17、ustomers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars the Japanese society is still very much maleoriented. Perhaps it was the （10）_ contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.A) scale B) retailed C) generate D) extreme E) technically F) afforda
18、ble G) situation H) really I) potential J) gap K) voluntary L) excessive M) insulted N) purchase O) primarily解题步骤解题步骤将将1515个单词按个单词按词性归类词性归类阅读文章，阅读文章，弄清楚空格弄清楚空格中所需单词中所需单词的词性的词性根据上下文，根据上下文，在相应词类在相应词类中找出合适中找出合适的词的词通读全文，检通读全文，检查所填的词是查所填的词是否具有逻辑性否具有逻辑性 Step I 辨析词性B) retailedM) insultedC) generateN) purch
19、aseD) extremeF) affordable I) potential K) voluntary L) excessive A) scaleD) extreme G) situation I) potential J) gap N) purchase K) voluntary 副词副词E) technically H) ReallyO) primarily名词名词形容词形容词动词动词A) scale B) retailed C) generate D) extreme E) technically F) affordable G) situation H) really I) pote
20、ntial J) gap K) voluntary L) excessive M) insulted N) purchase O) primarilyStep 2: 判断文中空格词性判断文中空格词性v The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done (1)_ by womenranging from family shopping to preparing mea
21、ls to doing(2)_ workstill need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a (3)_ that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “ and look for help elsewhere , creating opportunities for producers of frozen m
22、eals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.adv.adj.n.E) technically H) ReallyO) primarilyD) extremeF) affordable I) potential K) voluntary L) excessive A) scaleD) extreme G) situation I) potential J) gap N) purchase K) voluntary primarilyvoluntarysituationStep 2v Althou
23、gh there is still a big wage (4)_ between men and women, the income working women (5)_ gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now (6)_ about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers (7)_ women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that t h e y c o m e b a c k w i
24、 t h t h e i r husbands. n.V.V.V-ed.A) scaleD) extreme G) situation I) potential J) gap N) purchase K) voluntary gapB) retailedM) insultedC) generateN) purchasegenerateB) retailedM) insultedC) generateN) purchasepurchaseB) retailedM) insultedC) generateN) purchaseinsultedStep 2v Now car companies ha
25、ve realized that women are (8)_ customers. Its interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to (9)_ pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars the Japanese society is still very much maleoriented. Perhaps it was the （10）_ contrast with Japanese
26、 society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.adj.adv.adj.D) extremeF) affordable I) potential K) voluntary L) excessive potentialE) technically H) ReallyO) primarilyreallyD) extremeF) affordable I) potential K) voluntary L) excessive extremeKeysv 1. O v 2. K v 3. G v 4
27、 J v 5. Cv 6. N v 7. M v 8. I v 9. H v 10. Dv primarilyv voluntaryv situationv gapv generatev purchasev insultedv potentialv reallyv extreme答案就在周围。如果你留心的话，答案就在周围。如果你留心的话，空白附近的暗示无处不在。空白附近的暗示无处不在。 课后作业一篇（写在作业本上）课后作业一篇（写在作业本上）1.15个单词的词性归类：个单词的词性归类： 动词动词(时态细分时态细分V.、V-ed、V-ing)： 名词名词(单复数细分单复数细分)： 形容词：形容词
28、： 副词：副词：2. 原文各空格词性原文各空格词性3. 答案答案:要求写上要求写上3部分内容：部分内容：作业样本（按此要求写）作业样本（按此要求写）A) scale B) retailed C) generate D) extreme E) technically F) affordable G) situation H) really I) potential J) gap K) voluntary L) excessive M) insulted N) purchase O) primarily1. 15个单词的词性归类：个单词的词性归类： 动词：动词： v.ed: B) retailed
29、 M) insulted v.: C) generate N) purchase 名词：名词： A) scale D) extreme G) situation I) potential J) gap N) purchase K) voluntary 形容词：形容词： D) extreme F) affordable I) potential K) voluntary L) excessive 副词：副词： E) technically H) Really O) primarily2. 原文各空格词性：原文各空格词性： 47. adv. 48. adj. 49. n. 50. n. 51. v
30、. 52. v. 53. v.ed 54. adj. 55. adv. 56. adj 3. 答案答案: 47-51 O K G J C 52-56 N M I H D Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them 47 to people saying there is anything different about them. “Im really ju
31、st a normal guy,” 48 an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their 49 fans suggest. They start to wear 50 clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. A) desperat
32、e B) disappointingC) cruelty D) bankruptB) E) fancy F) protects G) altitude H) similarlyI)wake J) contest K) objectL) worshippingM) dignityN) originally O) protests This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had 51 risen above it all. What will it feel
33、like to soar to such 52 and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to 53 from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the 54 in losing something they had gained. They often make 55 attempts to regain what they lo
34、st. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become 56 financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us。A) desperate B) disappointingC) cruelty D) bankruptE) fancy F) protects G) altitude H) similarlyI)wake J) contest K) objectL) worshippingM) dignityN) originally O) protests
