1、Unit 4 Space Exploration B卷 能力提升2021-2022学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册单元测试AB卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A When I was a child, I dreamed of becoming different kinds of people in the future. Sometimes, I wished I was an astronaut going up into space, finding
2、 new planets and jumping around in a cool spacesuit. Sometimes, I imagined being a cowboy in the Wild West, wearing cool cowboy boots. On other occasions, I pretended to be a famous footballer, using my skills to score lots of goals for my team. Looking back, I realize that imagination is a wonderfu
3、l thing. I was able to create entire environments and scenarios (剧情梗概) in my head, using nothing more than my brain, and make things in my everyday surroundings to fit a story of the day. Growing up with siblings (兄弟姐妹)also helped, as it meant that even bigger stories could be created. We could comb
4、ine our ideas and put our thoughts into action. It also allowed for more varieties (变化) in the stories, as sometimes I could be a hero while on other occasions, I would be a bad guy. One of my all-time favorite memories as a kid was playing in my back garden. I played the role of Indiana Jones with
5、my younger sister as my assistant and my brother as a bad person. We used everything in our garden, from the path to the fence, as a part of the storyline to create troubles that needed to be overcome, and we would keep the story going for hours! My personal favorite game was searching the Easter eg
6、gs. My brother hid small chocolate eggs around the garden and my sister and I had to find them by answering questions or solving a puzzle. It was difficult, but finally we found all the eggs and shared them together.(1) What do we know about the author from his childhood?A.He enjoyed living a life f
7、ull of freedom.B.He was fond of experiencing adventurous things.C.He was always imagining a bright life for his future.D.He had a clear picture of what he would do after growing up.(2) When playing the gamesearching the Easter eggs, _.A.the author hid chocolate eggs around the gardenB.the authors si
8、ster answered questions or solved a puzzle aloneC.the authors brother took up the job of finding the chocolate eggsD.the author, his brother and his sister would share the chocolate eggs after finding eggs(3) What would be the best title for the passage?A.My Creative ImaginationB.My ChildhoodC.My Po
9、sitive Life TodayD.My Pride in MyselfB Scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is send a few comets(彗星)in the direction of Earth,and its orbit will be changed. Our world will then be sent into a safer, colder part of t
10、he solar system. This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planeteffectively doubling its working life. The
11、 plan,put forward by Dr. Laughlin,and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet of asteroid(小行星)so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to Earth. “Earths orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a hig
12、her orbit away from the Sun, Laughlin said. Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter or Saturn. The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth, and the process would be repeated. In the short term, the pl
13、an provides an ideal way to global warming, although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger. The Sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously endanger” our biosphere by cooking us. Thats why the group decided to try to save Earth. The plan has one or two w
14、orrying aspects,however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculations(误算) in orbit could fire it straight at Earthwith deadly results. There is also the question of the Moon. As the scientific A
15、merican magazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its current position it is “most likely that the Moon would be stripped away from Earth, it states. This would change our planets climate.1.If the plan is successful, Earth will have a working life of _years.A.12 billionB.6 billionC.18 billionD
16、.24 billion2.What makes the scientists plan to save Earth?A.A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth.B.Earths working life is coming to an end soon.C.Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.D.The moon is moving farther away from Earth.3.What serious problems might the plan cause
17、 according to the passage?A.Earth might be moved too far away and man might be frozen to death.B.The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the moon.C.The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth.D.Earths working life might be greatly shortened.4.Which of the following pictures
18、best shows how the plan would work?A.B.C.D.C Of all the planets, none has captured the worlds imagination like Mars. Its reddish colour and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight. In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked abo
19、ut some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians asthreaten
20、ing. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said thatboth ideas influenced the public deeply. Today,Mars continues to excite humans not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information from spacecrafts
21、 that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface. The Smithsonians “Mars Day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touch Mars,or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring. Maryland, brought their children,Grace,Sam. Ryan and Emma. They heard about Mars and its
22、 geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites(陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that the ancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “Its ac
23、tually orangish more than red and its also kind of brown, too. Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said, The closest thing to Mars the staff is from volcanoes mostly. “Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycias children a chance to learn more abou
24、t a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.Why Martians were considered threatening.B.Why Mars has captured the worlds imagination.C.What people generally thought of Mars in the past.D.How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fi
25、ction.2.It is implied in Paragraph 3 that_.A.todays space scientists still know nothing about MarsB.todays space scientists are very interested in MarsC.science fiction films are no longer set in MarsD.space scientists havent made any progress in knowing Mars3.Sam would probably agree that _.A.Mars
26、is not really redB.no meteorites have come from MarsC.Mars cannot be described as a little brownD.the ancient description of Mars colour is true4.What is the writers attitude towards the idea that humans will set foot on Mars?A.He thinks it may happen in this year.B.He thinks it will always remain a
27、 dream.C.He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.D.He thinks it may happen in the following decades.D The sun is going to expand into the orbit of Mercury according to scientific calculations,which will result in the entire Earth catching on fire. Who will save the world? This imaginati
28、ve tale is at the heart of the latest Chinese sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth. Unlike many American space-themed films where the solution to a disaster Earth faces is always fleeing(逃离) the planet in spaceships,this time were taking the Earth with us. The film,which has made it the countrys most su
29、ccessful film of all time, has offered a different and more ambitious idea. The “ambition” didnt come from nowhere. For thousands of years, homeland has had a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. One old idiom that shows a strong feeling that Chinese people have had for their homelan
30、d is “luoyeguigen”,which means returning to ones homeland in old age, like fallen leaves returning to the roots of their tree. “What is Chinese sci-fi?” Guo Fan, the films director, said in an interview. “A vehicle that really expresses our cultural and spiritual core (核心) can be called Chinese sci-
31、fi. Otherwise, were just following others and telling the same Hollywood stories. And the makers of The Wandering Earth may have chosen the best time to tell its Chinese sci-fi story. The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was a time when many people had just made the
32、hard journey back to their hometowns. So to them, there is only one possible way to tell the story: Earth goes wherever humans go, because it s our home.1.The main purpose of the opening paragraph is to _.A.give a brief account of the filmB.warn people of the coming threatC.explore ways to avoid the
33、 disasterD.introduce the topic of the passage2.The underlined phrase “a different and more ambitious idea refers to_.A.fleeing the Earth in spaceshipsB.bringing in huge successC.filling the gap in Chinese sci-fi moviesD.helping Earth make its escape3.Which of the following is unlikely to account for
34、 the success of the film?A.The rich imagination of the story.B.Hollywood-style space stories.C.The special cultural background.D.The time chosen to release the film.4.What is likely to be title for the passage?A.Chinese Sci-fi Catches UpB.The Most Successful Chinese Sci-fiC.Chinese Sci-fi Sets a New
35、 PathD.Chinese Sci-fi Challenges第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Space is where our future istrips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that apart from comets(彗星) and stars, there is little else out there._ Scientists are now concerned that if we d
36、ont clean it up, we may all be in great danger. The first piece of space junk was created in the year of 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard I stopped operating. _However, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things
37、 that no longer served any useful purpose in space._The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn Piper lost during a spacewalk. The major problem with the space tra
38、sh is that it may hit working satellites and damage travelling spaceship. In addition to this, many pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth._ Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into
39、 working satellites or space shuttles._ They will stop littering in space and to clean up the trash already there.A.Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations.B.The junk floats slowly around the Earth.C.However,since our space journey started, we have left much trash(垃圾) in space.D
40、.It is said that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting the Earth at speeds of up to 17,500 miles per hour.E.It lost its connection with the ground centre.F.To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways for clearing the sky.G.It hasnt result in any serious problems up to
41、 now.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I took an airplane to Beijing in February. Ahead of me to my right, a kid was 1 . I went up to a woman. She had in her arms a kid that 2 crying.I told the mother that the kid needed to be walked and then s
42、he would 3 and sleep. I knew this becauseI am a father of four 4 children. The woman said she was too tired as she had been up the whole night before. I 5 to walk the kid so she could get some sleep. As I took the kid in my arms, I 6 her for the kids name and age.I then started 7 walking up to the f
43、ront of the economy section. The kid immediately fell to sleep. When I got back to the mothers 8 , I found her fast asleep. I kept walking for over three hours and walked slowly up and down. Since it was a nearly 13-hour flight, I walked a quarter of the whole journey 9 a kid. Women on board would 1
44、0 me during my long walk, wanting to see the kid. One woman asked me some questions like How many 11 do youhave?” “Four,”I said. She looked closely at my wrinkled(有皱纹的) face and white hair (I was almost 60) and said, Well, I hope this is your last one. ” She thought I was the kids12 .I just 13 and w
45、alked on. WhenI was back to the mother, the mother 14 . I gave her kid back to her, who 15 sound asleep.1.A.singingB.talkingC.sleepingD.crying2.A.keptB.startedC.practisedD.hated3.A.break downB.go aheadC.settle downD.set off4.A.grownB.powerfulC.curiousD.slim5.A.deservedB.offeredC.pretendedD.agreed6.A
46、.requestedB.commandedC.askedD.consulted7.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.calmlyD.strongly8.A.homeB.seatC.sectionD.room9.A.watchingB.carryingC.trickingD.seeking10.A.spotB.remindC.stopD.award11.A.customersB.passengersC.membersD.children12.A.motherB.teacherC.fatherD.nurse13.A.refusedB.smiledC.apologisedD.signed14.A.wokeB.leftC.wanderedD.shouted15.A.turnedB.fellC.remainedD.looked第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 MK ,a planet _(billion)of kilometres away,is the origin of life in many religions. Physicists have proved the theory that its gentle climate and the pull of its gravity are sim
