1、Unit 4 Space Exploration vocabulary2要点精研理解应用1. lack vt. 缺乏; 没有 n. 缺乏; 短缺(教材原句)Astronauts bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity. 由于在太空中缺少重力, 宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能变得很脆弱。【词块积累】(1)(a) lack of . . . 缺少for lack of . . . 由于缺乏(2)lacking adj. 缺乏的; 缺少的be lacking in sth. 缺少某物Online educ
2、ation will reduce the communication between students and teachers, which will lead to _learning atmosphere. 在线教学会减少学生和老师之间的交流, 这会导致学习气氛的缺乏。Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness _proper treatment. 后来, 他在非洲工作, 那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。Far away from the city, they are terribly
3、 _necessities of life. 由于远离城市, 他们极其缺乏生活必需品。the lack offor lack oflacking in2. beyond prep. 在更远处; 超出 Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 把人们送到其他星球, 甚至是超出太阳系并不是很容易就能实现的目标。【词块积累】 (1)beyond sb. 使某人无法想象(或理解、做等)(2)beyond words难以言喻beyond ones reac
4、h够不着beyond expectation 出乎意料beyond expression难以表达Even if I got Superman powers, such a problem is _. 纵使我有三头六臂, 这个问题我也没办法解决。I should have told you in advance, but something happened _. 我本应该提前告诉你, 但是发生了出乎我意料的事情。beyond mebeyond my expectation3. argue vt. &vi. 论证; 争辩; 争论(教材原句)Some people argue that we sh
5、ould stop wasting time and money exploring space. 一部分人认为, 我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。【词块积累】 (1)argue with和争吵argue about因为争论argue that主张, 认为argue for赞成; 支持argue against反对; 据理反对(2)argument n. 争论There was no point trying to _my dad. He always had the last word. 和我爸爸争论没有意义。他总是强辩到底。However, 70% of the students _
6、parents seeing their Moments. 然而, 70%的学生反对父母看他们的朋友圈。(2019天津高考) I thought anything abstract left too much room for _. 我认为任何抽象的东西都留有太多的争论余地。argue withargue againstargument 如此“说服”4. result in导致; 造成(教材原句)It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. 如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。【词块积累】
7、result from 由于, 因为as a result因此as a result of. . . 作为的结果Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can _obesity. 研究表明, 偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。_, she says, some of the injuries associated with running are uncommon among race walkers. 因此, 她说, 一些与跑步有关的损伤在竞走者中并不常见。_continuous water erosion, in the c
8、ourse of time a huge cave was formed. 由于水的不断侵蚀, 日久天长就形成了一个大溶洞。result inresult inAs a resultAs a result of对比记忆result in与result from5. limited adj. 有限的(教材原句)Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planets resources are limited. 看着我们星球的照片, 犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,
9、人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。【词块积累】 (1)limitn. 限度; 限制; 极限 v. 限制; 限定; 限量set a limit to. . . 为设置一个限制/极限without limit没有限制, 无极限there is a/no limit to. . . 是有/无限制的limit. . . to. . . 将某物限制在范围内(2)limitless adj. 无限制的; 无界限的Many people in China have _exposure to English. 很多中国人接触英语的机会有限。Obviously there is _the amount we can
10、 get done in two weeks. 很显然我们两周内所能完成的工作量是有限的。First of all, we can _online study time _thirty minutes a time. 首先, 我们应该把线上学习的时间限制在每次三十分钟之内。limitedlimiteda limit toa limit tolimitlimittoto6. attach vt. 系; 绑; 贴(教材原句)While sleeping, they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating aroun
11、d. 睡觉的时候, 为了阻止到处漂浮, 他们必须把自己系到某个东西上。【词块积累】 (1)attach . . . to . . . 把附/系在上面attach importance/value to . . . 认为重要/有价值(2)attached adj. 依恋的; 附属的; 所附的be attached to附属于; 连在上; 爱上; 依恋于As we know, it is of great necessity to _our culture. 众所周知, 重视我们的文化非常必要。Others argue that _phones may harm both kids school
12、work and their communication skills. 其他人认为痴迷于手机会对孩子的学习和交际能力有害。Inside the box lay a teddy bear I had longed for with _. 盒子里有一只我渴望已久的泰迪熊, 还附有一张卡片。attach great importance tobeing attached toan attached card7. Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space
13、missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. 世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务, 无论是去火星还是更远的星球。 【句式解构】whether to Mars or other planets much further away为省略句, 其完整形式为whether they carry out space missions to Mars or other planets much further away, 并在句中作让步状语。whether. . . or. . . 无论还是。Childr
14、en who get more exercise, _, tend to have higher scores on standardized tests. 无论是在学校还是在其他地方, 锻炼较多的孩子在标准考试中成绩更高。Because of its convenience, people, _, are paying by using their mobile phones. 由于其便捷性, 无论年轻人还是老人, 都在用手机支付。whether at school or at other placeswhether young or old 【要点拾遗】1. otherwiseotherw
15、ise adv. 否则; 要不然 (教材原句)Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwiseotherwise. 宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有东西粘上, 否则一切东西都会漂浮起来。 【词块积累】 (1)or otherwise或相反; 或其反面(2)and otherwise等等; 及其他Everybody has his merits _. 每个人都有自己的优点和缺点。In the kinder
16、garten, the children learn singing, dancing, drawing _. 孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等等。or otherwiseor otherwiseand otherwiseand otherwiseotherwise 与虚拟语气otherwise引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的状况并不以条件从句表示出来, 而是暗含在上下文中, 根据介词短语来表示。虚拟语气的用法一般是: 对现在的虚拟: would+do; 对过去的虚拟: would(not) + have done。We didnt know you were in tro
17、uble at that time, otherwise we would have given you a hand. 我们当时不了解你遇到了困难, 要不然我们会帮助你的。2. figure out 弄懂; 弄清楚; 弄明白(教材原句)Will scientists figure out a way to store sufficient food and water for the long journey? 科学家会找出为长途(太空)旅行储存足够食物和水的方法吗? 【词块积累】run out (of)用完find out 找出, 查明; 发现, 揭发work out 解决; 算出; 实现
18、; 制定出; 弄懂; 锻炼check out结账退房; 了解清楚; 核实; 查实My English teacher helped me _the reason behind the failure. 我的英语老师帮助我弄清楚了我失败的原因。You should try to _who did wrong and caused the arguments. 你应该尽量找出是谁错了, 是谁导致的争吵。figure outfind out3. run out 用完; 耗尽(教材原句)It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as
19、 the resources on Earth will run out. 有必要在太空中为人类寻找新的家园, 因为地球上的资源将要耗尽。Conditions are getting worse and supplies are _. 情况越来越糟糕, 贮备物资也快用完了。With the rapid growth of the world population, the world is facing the danger of _fresh water. 随着全球人口的快速增加, 世界正面临着耗尽淡水的危险。running outrunning out of【易混辨析】run out of
20、, run out, give out, use uprun out of, run out, give out, use uprun out of“用完了”, 是及物动词短语, 表示主动意义, 主语一般是人run out“用完了”, 是不及物动词短语, 其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词give out“用尽; 筋疲力尽”, 为不及物动词短语use up“用完; 消耗尽”, 为及物动词短语 任务活动创新迁移Project: Give a presentation on Chinas space exploration1. 下列表格中列出了一些有关神舟五号宇宙飞船的具体信息Chinas Spa
21、ce MissionChinas Space MissionMissionLaunch timeLaunchVehicleAstronautMission goalThe Shenzhou 5spacecraft 09: 00 on October 15, 2003. Long March 2Fcarrier rocketYang Liweithe astronauts living environment2. 把上面表格中的内容改写成一篇短文并在班会上宣读 The Shenzhou 5 spacecraft was launched by a Long March 2F carrier ro
22、cket at 09: 00 on October 15, 2003. It is Chinas first manned spacecraft, with an astronaut, Yang Liwei, in orbit for a day. Its main mission is to comprehensively assess the manned environment, obtain relevant data on the astronauts living environment and safety in space, and comprehensively assess
23、 the performance, reliability, safety and inter-system coordination of various engineering systems. . 单词拼写1. I care a lot about _(现在的) affairs and take great interest in journalism. 2. Trees can clean the air, which absorb carbon dioxide and give out _(氧气). 3. Being _(班长) in my class makes me a bril
24、liant organizer and improves my communication skills. 4. There are many kinds of _(资源) like coal, tungsten, oil, and copper. 5. Paper cuts are not only used for _(图案) on clothing. 6. Youre teaching your mouth a new way to move and using different _(肌肉). currentcurrentmonitormonitorresourcesresources
25、patternspatternsmusclesmusclesoxygenoxygen7. Equipped with all kinds of _(设施), our school is beautiful as well as modern. 8. He got out of his raft into the _(浅的) water. 9. So we hope you could help us explore the _(谜) of Loulan. 10. I should have a good study environment so that I can obtain _(足够的)
26、 knowledge. facilitiesshallowmysterymysterysufficient. 单句语法填空1. 90% of students in our class argue _the policy of banning cellphone in classroom. 2. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script _(attach) to this email? 3. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would resu
27、lt _a disaster. 4. I am keen _(do) some voluntary work for the 2022 Winter Olympics. 5. Everyone is required to exercise _(regular) and keep healthy. 6. Though we are young and our power is _(limit), every effort we make counts! forforattachedattachedininto doto doregularlyregularlylimitedlimited7.
28、With the development of economy, the _(global) environment is getting worse and worse. 8. It is actually _(lack) trust that is to blame for the loss of friendship. 9. Be sure to choose a suitable class or teacher, _, it would be a waste of time and money. 10. I will put empty cans, bottles and waste
29、 paper into dustbin in order that they can _(recycle). globalgloballackinglackingotherwiseotherwisebe recycledbe recycled. 完成句子1. With the gasoline _, we must find a gas station at once. 汽油即将耗尽, 我们必须立刻找到加油站。2. _, I show great fancy in English now. 结果, 我现在非常喜欢英语。3. Without an income, he cant _his chi
30、ld. 没有收入, 他无法为孩子提供生活所需。4. _, I sincerely wish you a pleasant trip back to your country. 最后, 我真诚地祝愿你归国旅途愉快。running outrunning outAs a resultAs a resultprovide forprovide forIn closingIn closing5. He couldnt _why she got angry with him. 他就是不明白她为什么生他的气。6. At that moment, my feeling of content and pride
31、 was _. 在那一刻, 我的满足感和自豪感难以言表。7. _, our experiences provide lasting fond memories. 无论好与坏, 我们的经历都会提供长久的美好记忆。figure outfigure outbeyond expressionbeyond expressionWhether good or badWhether good or bad单词1. _n. 宇航员; 太空人2. _n. 程序; 步骤; 手续3. _abbr. 厘米4. _n. 火箭; 火箭弹5. _n. 重力; 引力6. _ n. 边境; 国界; 边远地区7. _n. 交通工
32、具; 车辆8. _n. 人造卫星; 卫星astronautastronautprocedureprocedurecentimetercentimeterrocketrocketgravitygravityfrontierfrontiervehiclevehiclesatellitesatellite9. _n. &vt. 发射; 发起; 上市10. _n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道; 势力范围vi. &vt. 沿轨道运行; 环绕运行 11. _n. 人类 12. _n. pl. 资料; 数据13. _ n. 渴望; 欲望vt. 渴望; 期望14. _adj. 持续存在的; 仍在进行的;
33、不断发展的15. _vi. &vt. (两架航天器)对接; (使)进港n. 码头; 船坞launchlaunchorbitorbitmankindmankinddatadatadesiredesireongoingongoingdockdock16. _vi. &vt. 标志着; 标明; 发信号n. 信号; 标志17. _vt. 回收利用; 再利用18. _ n. 肌肉; 实力; 影响力19. _vi. 浮动; 漂流; 漂浮; vt. 使浮动; 使漂流20. _ adv. 否则; 要不然21. _prep. 在更远处; 超出22. _adj. 太阳的; 太阳能的23. _adj. 当前的; 现
34、在的n. 水流; 电流; 思潮signalsignalrecyclerecyclemusclemusclefloatfloatotherwiseotherwisebeyondbeyondsolarsolarcurrentcurrent24. _adj. 足够的; 充足的25. _n. 毛巾; 抹布26. _n. 纸巾; (人、动植物细胞的)组织27. _n. 设施; 设备28. _adj. 热衷的; 渴望的29. _adj. 致命的; 灾难性的30. _adj. 肤浅的; 浅的31. _ n. 模式; 模范; 图案32. _n. 监视器; 监测仪vt. 监视; 监测; 监控33. _n. 资源
35、; 财力; 物力sufficientsufficienttoweltoweltissuetissuefacilityfacilitykeenkeenfatalfatalshallowshallowpatternpatternmonitormonitorresourceresource34. _adj. 结尾的; 结束的n. 停业; 关闭; 倒闭 35. _n. 神秘事物; 迷36. _vt. 系; 绑; 贴37. _n. 氧; 氧气38. _adj. 精神的; 思想的_adv. 精神地; 思想地39. _adj. 有智慧的; 聪明的; 有智力的_n. 智力; 智慧; 才智40. _n. 宇宙;
36、 天地万物_adj. 普遍的; 全体的; 全世界的_adv. 全体地, 一致地closingclosingmysterymysteryattachattachoxygenoxygenmentalmentalmentallymentallyintelligentintelligentintelligenceintelligenceuniverseuniverseuniversaluniversaluniversallyuniversally41. _vt. 查明; 确定; 决定_adj. 意志坚定的; 有决心的_n. 决心; 果断42. _n. (政府的)专门机构; 服务机构; 代理处_n. 代
37、理人; 经纪人43. _vt. &vi. 传输; 发送_n. 传送; 传递; 发送; 发射_n. 发射机; 发射台; 传播者, 传输者44. _adj. 失望的; 沮丧的_vt. 使失望; 使沮丧_n. 失望; 沮丧45. _n. 独立_adj. 独立的; 自立的_adv. 独立地; 自立地determinedeterminedetermineddetermineddeterminationdeterminationagencyagencyagentagenttransmittransmittransmissiontransmissiontransmittertransmitterdisapp
38、ointeddisappointeddisappointdisappointdisappointmentdisappointmentindependenceindependenceindependentindependentindependentlyindependently46. _vt. 缺乏; 没有 n. 缺乏; 短缺_adj. 缺乏的; 不足的47. _n. 地球; 地球仪; 世界_adj. 全球的; 总体的48. _vt. &vi. 论证; 争辩; 争论_n. 争论; 争吵; 论点49. _vt. 分析 _n. (对事物的)分析; 分析结果50. _adj. 定期的; 经常的; 正常
39、的_adv. 经常; 定期地51. _v. 限制_adj. 有限的_adj. 无限的lacklacklackinglackingglobeglobeglobalglobalargueargueargumentargumentanalyseanalyseanalysisanalysisregularregularregularlyregularlylimitlimitlimitedlimitedlimitlesslimitless短语1. _继续做; 坚持干2. _在宇宙飞船上; 在船上3. _抱着的希望4. _为了; 以便5. _弄懂; 弄清楚; 弄明白6. _最后7. _提供生活所需carr
40、y oncarry onon boardon boardin the hope of doing sth.in the hope of doing sth.so as to(do sth. )so as to(do sth. )figure outfigure outin closingin closingprovide forprovide for8. _结果(是); 所以9. _导致; 造成10. _用完; 耗尽as a resultas a resultresult inresult inrun outrun out句式结构1. the+序数词+名词+to doYuri Gagarin
41、became _. 尤里加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。 2. make+宾语+形容词作宾语补足语These disasters _, but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人感到悲伤和失望, 但是(人们)探索字宙的渴望从未泯灭。the first person in the world to go into spacemade everyone sad and disappointed3. 句型: this is because. . . 这是因为 _people believe in the importanc
42、e of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性, 哪怕面临巨大的风险。 4. whether. . . or. . . 无论还是Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, _. 世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务, 无论是去火星还是更远的星球。This is becausewhether to Mars or other planets much further away
