1、12011-03目录中国建筑科学研究院介绍中国建筑科学研究院介绍什么是绿色建筑什么是绿色建筑先进先进的建筑技术的建筑技术绿色建筑认证体系绿色建筑认证体系案例与展望案例与展望2中国建筑科学研究院（CABR）l中国建筑科学研究院是建筑工程学科中国最大的综合性研究院，同时也是国家权威的建筑行业监督、检测、认证、咨询机构。l在建筑能耗管理，低能耗示范建筑，政府节能工程，绿色建筑认证，能源审计，建筑设计，新能源在建筑领域的应用等方面，中国建筑科学研究院是建设部和北京市政府的技术依托单位。3中国建筑科学研究院建于1953年，原为建设部直属最大的综合性科学研究机构，2000年由事业单位转制为企业，现由国资委
2、直接监管。年营业额30多亿，近5000名员工。建研院下属12个科研院所，6个国家级质检中心，4个国家级以及部级研究中心，12个全资或控股子公司，12个行业协会，以及5个行业杂志。截至至2002年，建研院共完成科研成果2176项，主编标准、规范453本，其中荣获国家奖91项，各类省部级科技进步奖364项。4中国建筑科学研究院标准体系l中国 中国绿色建筑评价标准（绿标）l美国LEED （Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design）l英国BREEM (BRE Environmental Assessment Method) l日本建筑物综合环境性能评价
3、方法CasBee (comprehensive assessment system for building environmental efficiency)5LEED Overview LEED总揽LEED for Homes (H) in Pilot outside North AmericaLEED for Neighborhood Development (ND)Commercial Interiors (CI)Design and Construction (NC, CS, Schools)Application Guides (Healthcare, Retail)DesignC
4、onstructionOperationsBuilding LifecycleLEED addresses the complete lifecycle of a variety of building typesResidential居住类居住类Commercial商业类商业类Existing Buildings6LEED Overview LEED各个评估系统得分点的分布各个评估系统得分点的分布Standard Credit Categories for all Rating SystemsMinimize the impact of buildings on green spaces,
5、wildlife habitat and water resources, protect and restore open spaces while capitalizing on existing infrastructure最小化建筑对绿色空间的影响Reduce the quantity of water need for a building, and reduce the strain on municipal water supply减少市政水源的使用和提高节水率Increase energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy i
6、n buildings提高能效和使用再生能源Reduce the environmental impact on natural resources, and reduce waste减少建筑对自然资源的影响和减少废物Establish ideal indoor air quality, eliminate indoor air pollution and create healthy environment for building occupants建立理想的室内空气品质，消除室内空气污染，为人员提供健康的室内环境Encourage and recognize innovation in
7、green building categories not addressed by the LEED rating system鼓励LEED评估体系中的创新Provide incentive for the achievement of credits that address geographically-specific environmental prioritiesSustainable Sites (SS)Water Efficiency (WE)Energy & Atmosphere (EA)Materials & Resources (MR)Indoor Environment
8、al Quality (IEQ)Innovation in Design/Operations (ID/IO)Credit CategoriesLEED GoalsRegional Priority (RE)7LEED Worldwide Market 世界性的市場Cumulative global LEED floor area 8 billion SF (750 million m2)累积的总面积超过七十五亿平方米International projects are 40% of total registrations有30%的申请案件为美国以外的国际性建筑In 2009 & 2010,
9、EBOM certified more floor area than NC在2009/2010年，获得既有建筑物认证的面积超过获得新建筑物认证的面积EBOM publicly registered projects: 5,200; 1 million m2 floor area目前公开申请案件: 5,200EBOM certified projects: 900获得既有建筑物认证项目: 900 8LEED Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance (EBOM)Recertification of LEED EBOM Supports:LEED
10、既有建筑：营运与维护of previously certified LEED buildings再认证给已获认证的建筑Certification for buildings of all ages无屋龄限制Benchmarking performance against other buildings以相似的建筑的能耗表现作为比较的基准Incremental site, operations, and building system improvements可以渐进方式改善建筑物的基地，营运方式和使用的系统9Fundamental Principles of LEED-EBOM LEED-EB
11、OM的基本原则的基本原则LEED EBOM focuses on:专注于Resource Consumption Waste Management资源的消耗废弃物的管理Actual Performance Energy Efficiency实际的表现能源效率Benchmarked against average buildings-Energy Star Buildings以相似建筑物能源使用效率为基准能源之星建筑Ongoing Sustainability Green Cleaning & Purchasing持续进行的永续营运使用绿环保清洁方式及采购环保产品10 TIMELINE & CE
12、RTIFICATION PROCESS 时间轴和认证阶段时间轴和认证阶段 3 Months3 MonthsLEED Training LEED Training for Staff for Staff Building Building Evaluation Evaluation LEED Gap LEED Gap Analysis Analysis Optional Optional ApproachesApproaches Cost Cost Estimates Estimates 3-6 Months3-6 MonthsImplementatioImplementation nSelec
13、tion of Selection of OptionsOptionsReview of Review of InstallationsInstallationsPreparation Preparation of Operations of Operations Standards Standards 3 Months3 MonthsPerformance Performance PeriodPeriod For Most For Most LEED CreditsLEED CreditsOne Year for One Year for Energy Energy PerformanceP
14、erformance60 Days60 DaysOfficial Official Project Project Submission Submission within 60 days within 60 days after after Performance Performance PeriodPeriod30 Days30 DaysAllow 30 days Allow 30 days for each round for each round of review of review Preliminary & Preliminary & Final RoundsFinal Roun
15、dsAfter Final After Final ReviewReviewCertification Certification AwardedAwardedDenied Credit Denied Credit AppealAppeal Phase I Phase IIPhase IVPhase VPhase IIIRegister LEED-EBOMCost of ImplementationDecision Point 1Decision Point 2Process takes 12 to 15 monthsl 实施更新实施更新l 评估所有选择并评估所有选择并决定决定l 检讨安装设置
16、检讨安装设置l 准备操作营运标准备操作营运标准准 手册手册l 执行时期执行时期l 大多数分数大多数分数l要求是三个月要求是三个月l 能源表现执行期是能源表现执行期是一年一年決定點決定點 前期工作前期工作註冊註冊 LEED-EBOMLEED-EBOM決定點決定點 实施阶段实施阶段實施更新成本實施更新成本l 执行时期结束后执行时期结束后6060天内需正式提天内需正式提交项目送审交项目送审l 预计每轮审查时预计每轮审查时间约间约3030天天l 初步及最终审查初步及最终审查l 证书颁发证书颁发l上诉被拒绝积上诉被拒绝积分分整個過程需要整個過程需要1212至至1515個月個月第第1 1階段階段 第第2
17、2階段階段 第第3 3階段階段 第第4 4階段階段 第第5 5階段階段 l 对员工进行对员工进行LEEDLEED训练训练l 建筑评估建筑评估l LEED LEED 差距分析差距分析l 可选择的趋近方案可选择的趋近方案l 费用估算费用估算11LEED for New vs. Existing BuildingsLEED新建筑和既有建筑的对比新建筑和既有建筑的对比1213Category# Prereqs# Credits# PointsSustainable Sites (SS)-826Water Efficiency (WE)1414Energy & Atmosphere (EA)3635Ma
18、terials & Resources (MR)2910Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)3315Innovation in Operations (IO)-36Regional Priority Credits (RE)-14Certified40 - 49 pointsSilver50 - 59 pointsGold60 - 79 pointsPlatinum80 - 110 points LEED EB 2009 Points Distribution110 Total PointsLEED EB: O&M certification overview
19、LEED 2009 总揽总揽1415Why Sustainable Sites?可可持续选址的重要性持续选址的重要性Sustainable Sites promotes the following measures: Implement effective grounds management 执行有效的土地管理执行有效的土地管理 Practice low-impact hardscape strategies 采用低影响的硬化策略采用低影响的硬化策略 Plant sustainable landscapes 采用采用可持续的绿化可持续的绿化 Reduce emissions associat
20、ed with transportation 减少交通减少交通 的排放的排放 Protect surrounding habitats 保护原生态保护原生态 Manage stormwater runoff 实施雨洪管理实施雨洪管理 Reduce heat island effects 减少热岛效应减少热岛效应 Eliminate light pollution 消除光污染消除光污染1617Why Water Efficiency?节水的重要性节水的重要性The importance of water: Approximately 410 billion gallons of fresh wa
21、ter are used to support commercial, residential, industrial, agricultural and recreational activities On an annual basis, the U.S. water deficit is estimated at approximately 3,700 billion gallons Using large volumes of water is costly Water efficiency measures can reduce water usage by 30% or more
22、The Energy Policy Act of 1992 mandated use of water-conserving plumbing fixtures in residential, commercial and institutional buildingsWater efficiency goals: Reduce the quantity of water needed for the building Reduce the burden on potable water supply and treatment facilities1819Why Energy and Atm
23、osphere?能源与大气的重要性能源与大气的重要性Share of US Primary Energy Consumption, 2010Key Facts: Buildings accounts for 40% of electricity consumption Buildings account for 39% of total US CO2 emissions Renewable energy represents 9% of US utility fuel sources20ES RatingLEED EB Points Percent Above National Average
24、 (for Non-ENERGY STAR Space Types)LEED EB Points711 21%1732 23%2743 24%3754 25%4765 26%5776 27%6787 28%7798 29%8809 30%98110 31%108211 32%118312 33%128513 35%138714 37%148915 39%15911641%16931743%179518 45%18EAc1: Optimize Energy PerformanceEnergy Star Statement of Energy Performance Provides (or ca
25、ptures): EUI Site Energy Intensity Building CO2e Building energy consumption by source Building energy expenditures21EAc3.2: System-Level Metering系统级计量Technical Research UniversityMetering electricity at the research buildings with known energy-intensive equipment. “Virtual aggregation” of 30 accoun
26、ts through meters 10% drop in energy use equates to 30% or more of cost savingsResults:Conjunctive metering reduced the cost of demand (kW) by at least 10 percent in all 30 buildings involved. The school had reduced its usage from about 44 million kWh to 40 million kWh, saving about $300,000 per yea
27、r. 22EAc6: Emissions Reductions Reporting减排记录To document emissions reduction benefits of building efficiency measuresTrack and record emissions reductions delivered by energy efficiency measures, operational improvements, renewable energy, and other building emissions reduction measures, including r
28、eductions from the purchase of renewable energy creditsReport emissions using a voluntary third party reporting or certification program (e.g. EPA Climate Leaders) Key Points Can earn point if emissions increase Energy Star portfolio manager provides a reliable way to calculate emissions EPA data by
29、 state and utility grid are basis for GHG protocolsAvailable Tools:Online CO2 Calculatorhttp:/ Materials and Resources? Some Facts: Buildings account for 40% of raw materials use and 30% of waste output US residents, business, institutions produced 251 million tons of waste in 2006 (4.6 lbs. per per
30、son, +25% since 1980)Materials and Resources goals: Reduce the amount of materials used in buildings Use materials with less environmental impact Reduce and manage waste2526Why Indoor Environmental Quality?The Importance of IEQ: Americans spend approximately 90% of time indoors IEQ is directly assoc
31、iated with human health Improving IEQ has human resources and economic benefits Cost of people per square meter is 100 times the cost of energyIEQ goals: Maintain good indoor air quality Use materials with less environmental impact Eliminate, reduce and manage the sources of indoor pollutants Ensure
32、 thermal comfort and system controllability Provide for occupant connection to the outdoor environment2728Why Innovation in Operations?Innovation in Operations Goals: Reward projects that demonstrate exceptional performance in pursuing sustainability Encourage leadership in the area of green building operation and upgrades Opportunity to earn additional LEED EB credits for the project Serves as basis for continued development of innovation and creativity2930
