1、.1 1英语听力(四级)英语听力(四级).2 2李李 岩岩 .3 3欢迎大家提问题欢迎大家提问题.4 4英语的五项技能英语的五项技能: 听、说听、说 、读、读、 写、写、译译.5 5大学英语四级题型及时间分大学英语四级题型及时间分配配 考试时间:四级每年考两次。考考试时间:四级每年考两次。考试时间为每年试时间为每年6月和月和12月的第三个月的第三个周六的早晨周六的早晨-9点。时长两个半点。时长两个半小时。小时。 即即11:30交卷交卷.6 6 满分:满分:710710分分分数分配:写作分数分配:写作15% 15% 阅读阅读35% 35% 听力听力35%35% 词汇词汇与结构与结构10% 10%
2、 翻译(中翻英)翻译(中翻英)5% 5% 划线规则:及格线一般在划线规则:及格线一般在425425或或426426分分( (即满即满分分710710分的分的60%)60%),这个成绩也是报考六级考,这个成绩也是报考六级考试的前提。试的前提。 .7 7试卷纸张:两张答题卡。各位考生在考试时一定要抓紧时间。因为这样的时间安排有时候是不够用的。而且选择题的数量比起旧题型有所减少。不能再靠蒙选择题侥幸过关了。.8 8考考 试试 时时 间间 流流 程程 介介 绍绍: 8 8:50-950-9:0000试音寻台时间试音寻台时间 9 9:00-900-9:1010播放考场指令,发放作文考卷播放考场指令,发放
3、作文考卷 9 9:1010取下耳机,开始作文考试取下耳机,开始作文考试 9 9:3535发放含有快速阅读的试题册发放含有快速阅读的试题册( (但但9 9:4040才允许开始做才允许开始做) ) 9 9:40-940-9:5555做快速阅读做快速阅读 9 9:55-1055-10:0000收答题卡一收答题卡一( (即作文和快速阅读即作文和快速阅读) ) 9 9:55-1055-10:0000重新戴上耳机,试音寻台,准备听力考试重新戴上耳机,试音寻台,准备听力考试 1010:0000开始听力考试,电台开始放音开始听力考试,电台开始放音 听力结束后完成剩余考项听力结束后完成剩余考项 1111:303
4、0全部考试结束全部考试结束 .9 9大学英语四级考试概述大学英语四级考试概述 一、试卷构成和成绩报道一、试卷构成和成绩报道 :就所测试的语言能力而言,试点阶段的四级就所测试的语言能力而言,试点阶段的四级考试由以下四个部分构成:考试由以下四个部分构成: 1 1)听力理解;)听力理解;2 2)阅读理解;)阅读理解; 3 3)完型填空;)完型填空;4 4)写作和翻译。)写作和翻译。 注:并未按照考试顺序注:并未按照考试顺序.1010 听力理解部分分值比听力理解部分分值比例为例为35%35%;其中听力对话;其中听力对话15%15%,听力短文听力短文20%20%。听力对话部分。听力对话部分包括短对话和长
5、对话的听力包括短对话和长对话的听力理解;听力短文部分包括选理解;听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式择题型的短文理解和复合式听写,即填写单词和句子。听写,即填写单词和句子。 .1111 阅读理解部分分值比例为阅读理解部分分值比例为35%35%;其;其中仔细阅读部分(中仔细阅读部分(Reading in DepthReading in Depth)25%25%,快速阅读部分(,快速阅读部分(Skimming and Skimming and ScanningScanning)10%10%。仔细阅读部分分为:。仔细阅读部分分为:a a)选择题型的篇章阅读理解;选择题型的篇章阅读理解;b b)
6、篇章层次)篇章层次的词汇理解(的词汇理解(Banked ClozeBanked Cloze)或短句问)或短句问答(答(Short Answer QuestionsShort Answer Questions)。快速)。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。能力。 .1212 完型填空完型填空/ /改错部分分改错部分分值比例为值比例为10%10%。完型填空部分采用。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型,改错部分的要求多项选择题型,改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。是辨认错误并改正。 .1313 写作和翻译部分分值比例为写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%20%;其中写作部
7、分(;其中写作部分(WritingWriting)15%15%,翻译部分(翻译部分(TranslationTranslation)5%5%。写作。写作的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等;文等; 翻译部分测试的是句子、翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。力。 .1414各部分具体分值比例各部分具体分值比例及及时间安排搭配如下:时间安排搭配如下: 写作写作-106 -106 分分快速阅读快速阅读-71-71分分听力听力-249-249分分仔细阅读仔细阅读-178-178分分完型填空完型填空-71-71分分翻译翻译-35
8、-35分分.1515应对策略应对策略: 8 8:50-950-9:0000试音寻台时间试音寻台时间 9 9:00-900-9:1010播放考场指令,发放作文考卷播放考场指令,发放作文考卷 9 9:1010取下耳机,开始作文考试取下耳机,开始作文考试 9 9:3535发放含有快速阅读的试题册发放含有快速阅读的试题册( (但但9 9:4040才允许才允许开始做开始做) ) 9 9:40-940-9:5555做快速阅读做快速阅读 9 9:55-1055-10:0000收答题卡一收答题卡一( (即作文即作文和快速阅读和快速阅读) ) 9 9:55-1055-10:0000重新戴上耳机,试音寻台,准备重
9、新戴上耳机,试音寻台,准备听力考试听力考试 1010:0000开始听力考试,电台开始放音开始听力考试,电台开始放音 听力结束后完成剩余考项听力结束后完成剩余考项 1111:2020全部考试结束全部考试结束 .1616 一、一、. .同学们最担心的是同学们最担心的是听力选项的预览时间,从表中可以看听力选项的预览时间,从表中可以看出,在出,在9 9:55551010:0000之间收答题卡之间收答题卡一和最后试音时间时可以预览听力部一和最后试音时间时可以预览听力部分的选项,建议考生要充分利用这段分的选项,建议考生要充分利用这段时间扫描时间扫描passagepassage部分的选项,弄清部分的选项,弄
10、清三篇文章的主题,至于短对话第一题三篇文章的主题,至于短对话第一题的四个选项在播音前的四个选项在播音前6 6秒看还来得及。秒看还来得及。.1717 二、注意听力测试二、注意听力测试三个三个sectionsection前没有指令,前没有指令,直接播放题目,这与旧四级直接播放题目,这与旧四级听力完全不同,考生听时需听力完全不同,考生听时需要集中注意力,不要错过重要集中注意力,不要错过重要的信息点。要的信息点。.1818 三、注意作文和快速阅读后要三、注意作文和快速阅读后要收答题卡一,然后才能开始做后面收答题卡一,然后才能开始做后面的试题。大家平常练习时应注意每的试题。大家平常练习时应注意每部分时间
11、的控制,在规定的时间内部分时间的控制,在规定的时间内完成规定的项目,不要跨区做题,完成规定的项目,不要跨区做题,这样才能适应新四级的考场要求。这样才能适应新四级的考场要求。.1919 四、注意写作文的时候,没有试题四、注意写作文的时候,没有试题册,这样会避免考生从试题册中寻册,这样会避免考生从试题册中寻找相关的英语表达抄到作文中。找相关的英语表达抄到作文中。.2020 五、做翻译题时,试题册已经五、做翻译题时,试题册已经收上去,避免考生从试题册中找单收上去,避免考生从试题册中找单词的拼写或习惯用语。词的拼写或习惯用语。.2121 新四级考试,题型多样,题新四级考试,题型多样,题量大时间紧,但考
12、生只要在考场量大时间紧,但考生只要在考场上合理有效的利用好时间,在考上合理有效的利用好时间,在考试结束时,能顺利答完所有的题试结束时,能顺利答完所有的题目,一定会取得满意的成绩。目,一定会取得满意的成绩。.2222如何提高听力?如何提高听力?.2323听力原理:听力原理:.2424 1. 1.接收声音信号接收声音信号.2525 2.2.把声音信号转化为文字信号把声音信号转化为文字信号 (头脑中)(头脑中).2626 3. 3.把英语转化为汉把英语转化为汉语语.2727 4. 4.找到汉语找到汉语答案答案 .28285.5.把汉语答案翻译成英语把汉语答案翻译成英语 .2929 6. 6.找题目中
13、相对应的答案找题目中相对应的答案.3030 我们大家都知道英语听力题(除了我们大家都知道英语听力题(除了短文题)只说一遍。也就意味着,这些短文题)只说一遍。也就意味着,这些语言信号在我们的头脑中存留的时间很语言信号在我们的头脑中存留的时间很短。我们称其为瞬间记忆(短时记忆短。我们称其为瞬间记忆(短时记忆-short-term memory,你认为这种记忆,你认为这种记忆能在人的头脑中存留多长的时间?能在人的头脑中存留多长的时间?; 长长时记忆时记忆-long-term memory )这就大)这就大大降低了我们做题的准确率。那么,如大降低了我们做题的准确率。那么,如何能够提高我们做题的准确率呢
14、?何能够提高我们做题的准确率呢?.3131也就是如何延长瞬时记忆在我们也就是如何延长瞬时记忆在我们头脑中的时间呢?头脑中的时间呢?.3232最简单的一个办法:最简单的一个办法: repeat (重复重复).3333 重复分为两种:重复分为两种: 1.有声重复有声重复 2.无声重复无声重复 我们应该选择哪一种重复?我们应该选择哪一种重复? 为什么?(为什么?(1分钟)分钟).3434 我们选择:无声重复我们选择:无声重复.3535 这就要求我们在听力过程这就要求我们在听力过程中,要对我们所接收到的声音中,要对我们所接收到的声音信号进行无声重复。同时,我信号进行无声重复。同时,我们在进行阅读时,要
15、进行无声们在进行阅读时,要进行无声阅读和限时阅读。阅读和限时阅读。.3636 此外,在做题前一定要对题目进此外,在做题前一定要对题目进行预测:行预测: 从四个选项中我们可以判断从四个选项中我们可以判断出这段对话可能涉及的主要内容:天出这段对话可能涉及的主要内容:天气对航班的影响、说话者之间的关系气对航班的影响、说话者之间的关系等等。通过对题目预测,我们做题的等等。通过对题目预测,我们做题的准确性会大大提高的。准确性会大大提高的。.3737听力能力提高的听力能力提高的4 4个有效途径个有效途径 一、听力提高要有恒,有序,有量一、听力提高要有恒,有序,有量1 1、有恒:每天半、有恒:每天半3030
16、分钟听力(精听)分钟听力(精听)2 2、有序:不要超前、有序:不要超前3 3、有量:做到、有量:做到6060小时的精听小时的精听.3838听力中的音变现象听力中的音变现象 :1 1、 连读连读1) 1) 相同辅音的连读相同辅音的连读bad dogbad dog注意:不可以把音节给吞掉,注意:不可以把音节给吞掉,只是这个音节不发音只是这个音节不发音 like candylike candyripe pearripe pearsome moneysome money The report turned out to be totally The report turned out to be to
17、tally false.false.这份报告完全是一派胡言。这份报告完全是一派胡言。.39392) 2) 辅音元音辅音元音Its easy. Wheres our car? Come on in. What time is it now?Its easy. Wheres our car? Come on in. What time is it now? Figure it out. for example Figure it out. for example 考试中常常出现的连读词汇:考试中常常出现的连读词汇: of all agesof all agescrude oilcrude oila
18、 couple of a couple of travel agencytravel agencyyour ownyour ownour ownour ownset in motionset in motion.40403) 3) 元音元音元音元音be on time be on time 注:元音后面再跟一个元音,两个元音间注:元音后面再跟一个元音,两个元音间要加入一个要加入一个“耶耶”的音的音stay upstay upflow outflow out注:元音后面再跟一个元音,两个元音间注:元音后面再跟一个元音,两个元音间要加入一个要加入一个“我我”的音的音grow up grow up
19、She works day in and day out.She works day in and day out.4141连读小结:连读小结:相同辅音的连读相同辅音的连读辅音元音的连读辅音元音的连读元音元音的连读元音元音的连读.4242 2 2、失爆(吞读)、失爆(吞读) 两个爆破音连接在一起时出现失爆(吞读)两个爆破音连接在一起时出现失爆(吞读) 什么是爆破音:什么是爆破音:p, b, k, g, t, dp, b, k, g, t, d六个爆破音六个爆破音任何一个后面紧接着另一个爆破音或摩擦音或鼻任何一个后面紧接着另一个爆破音或摩擦音或鼻音时,前一个爆破音将失去爆破。音时,前一个爆破音将
20、失去爆破。 lap toplap top great deal great deal good time good time the Red Cross the Red Cross a fast train a fast train a big change a big change at last at last.4343 3 3 、缩读、缩读 and-n: Do you know and-n: Do you know Nancy and David? Tom and Nancy and David? Tom and JerryJerry are you-ya: Ya going to ar
21、e you-ya: Ya going to the movie tonight? What ya the movie tonight? What ya doing here?doing here?.4444缩读的原则:缩读的原则:1 1、绝对不会是重点音节,不、绝对不会是重点音节,不可以重读可以重读2 2、只能出现在非正式场合、只能出现在非正式场合.4545do you-dya : how dya feel now? How dya like the movie?do you-dya : how dya feel now? How dya like the movie?did you-dja:
22、 how dja make it?did you-dja: how dja make it?becausecause: I dont like her cause shes mean.becausecause: I dont like her cause shes mean.can-cn: I can be there in an hour.can-cn: I can be there in an hour.I can do a lot of things that other people can not do it.I can do a lot of things that other p
23、eople can not do it.give me : Gimme that!give me : Gimme that!going to -gonna. Want to -Wanna going to -gonna. Want to -Wanna got to-gotta: I gotta see him right now.got to-gotta: I gotta see him right now.Hes sort of a strange. -Hes sorta strange. Hes sort of a strange. -Hes sorta strange. It s kin
24、d of a tough. -Its kinda tough. It s kind of a tough. -Its kinda tough. probably-probly: Hell probly come for dinner. currently-probably-probly: Hell probly come for dinner. currently-currenly-currenlywhat if-wud if : What if we went to the movie? (what if what if-wud if : What if we went to the mov
25、ie? (what if 句型要句型要掌握)掌握)what are you-wacha doin now? what are you-wacha doin now? you-ya: Catch ya later. See you later.you-ya: Catch ya later. See you later.4646听力微技巧与听力微技巧与Listening ComprehensionListening Comprehension .4747一、虚拟语气题一、虚拟语气题考点:条件句考点:条件句过去考试的经验:答案往往过去考试的经验:答案往往表现为否定句形式表现为否定句形式.4848练习
26、:练习: A. I knew Mr. Smith wanted to A. I knew Mr. Smith wanted to sell his computer, but I didnt buy sell his computer, but I didnt buy it.it. B. I didnt buy Mr. Smiths B. I didnt buy Mr. Smiths computer because I didnt know he computer because I didnt know he was selling it.was selling it. C. I boug
27、ht the computer C. I bought the computer without knowing it was Mr. Smiths.without knowing it was Mr. Smiths. D. Ill buy the computer as D. Ill buy the computer as soon as Mr. Smith wants to sell it.soon as Mr. Smith wants to sell it.4949 Id have bought Mr. Smiths Id have bought Mr. Smiths computer
28、if I had known he was computer if I had known he was selling it .selling it .50502.2. A. He didnt know what would happen A. He didnt know what would happen if he made the suggestion.if he made the suggestion. B. He didnt feel nervous after he B. He didnt feel nervous after he had put forward the sug
29、gestion.had put forward the suggestion. C. He realized that the committee C. He realized that the committee members would not adopt his suggestion.members would not adopt his suggestion. D. He considered it important to talk D. He considered it important to talk to the committee members first.to the
30、 committee members first.5151Had he realized the possible Had he realized the possible consequences, he wouldnt consequences, he wouldnt have made the suggestion at have made the suggestion at the committee meeting last the committee meeting last week .week .5252二、数字题型二、数字题型技巧:听到的数字通常不是正技巧:听到的数字通常不是
31、正确答案。确答案。通常要了解时间、日期、价钱、通常要了解时间、日期、价钱、号码、航班等数字的不同读法。号码、航班等数字的不同读法。.53531 1 A. 30 guests came. A. 30 guests came. B. 20 guests didnt B. 20 guests didnt receive their invitation receive their invitation cards.cards. C. 40 guests C. 40 guests came. came. D. More guests came D. More guests came than were
32、 expected.than were expected.5454 About one-third of the sixty About one-third of the sixty invited guests failed to show up invited guests failed to show up at the dinner party.at the dinner party.55552 2 A. We need to pay $25 per A. We need to pay $25 per piece. piece. B. We need to pay $50 per B.
33、 We need to pay $50 per piece.piece. C. We need to pay $75 per C. We need to pay $75 per piece. piece. D. We need to pay $125 per D. We need to pay $125 per piece.piece.5656The Company quoted a price of The Company quoted a price of 100 dollars a piece for the 100 dollars a piece for the summer dres
34、s.But after much summer dress.But after much bargain. We got an offer at 25% bargain. We got an offer at 25% discount. discount. .57573 A. The plane left two hours 3 A. The plane left two hours before.before. B. The plane left at ten B. The plane left at ten oclock in the morning.oclock in the morni
35、ng. C. The plane left at two C. The plane left at two oclock in the afternoon.oclock in the afternoon. D. The plane left at four D. The plane left at four oclock in the afternoon.oclock in the afternoon.5858The plane for Los Angeles The plane for Los Angeles was supposed to take off at was supposed
36、to take off at noon, but due to a minor noon, but due to a minor fault in one of the engines fault in one of the engines the flight was delayed of 2 the flight was delayed of 2 hours.hours.5959常考的数字类型:常考的数字类型: a a大额数字的听记方法大额数字的听记方法 。下面。下面考大家四个数字:考大家四个数字:.6060 thousand ; thousand ; million ; million
37、; billion ; billion ; eg. 35 thousand eg. 35 thousand 3535 8 hundred and 40 thousand 840 8 hundred and 40 thousand 8401million5hundredthousand 1million5hundredthousand 150015008billion15million3hundred8billion15million3hundred25thousand 4 hundred and 56: 25thousand 4 hundred and 56: 8 15 325 456 8 1
38、5 325 456 .6161b b小数的读法:小数的读法: 小数点念小数点念”point” , point” , 小数小数点前的点前的“零零”有时可以省略不念,有时可以省略不念,也可念为也可念为zero, nought, oh. zero, nought, oh. 小数小数点后的零读作点后的零读作ohoh eg. 0.009 : point o o eg. 0.009 : point o o nine nine 或或 zero point o o ninezero point o o nine下面考察一下大家下面几个数字:下面考察一下大家下面几个数字:.6262百分数的读法:百分数的读法:e
39、geg:54.6% fifty four point six 54.6% fifty four point six out of a hundredout of a hundred0.2% two tenths of a percent0.2% two tenths of a percent3.5% three and a half percent3.5% three and a half percent 54.554.5 fifty four and a half fifty four and a half percentpercent.6363-ty -ty 与与 teenteen的区别的
40、区别 -teen-teen结尾的有两个重读音节,结尾的有两个重读音节, -ty-ty只有一个重读音节只有一个重读音节 eg. fifteen , fiftyeg. fifteen , fifty thirteen , thirty thirteen , thirty 19 90 19 90 18 80 18 80 17 70 17 70 16 16 60 60 15 50 15 50 14 40 14 40 13 30 13 30 12 12 2020 .6464货币单位货币单位 dollar/buck dollar/buck 美元美元 eg. Six bucks 15 dollars 95
41、eg. Six bucks 15 dollars 95 cents quarter 25cents quarter 25美分美分 dime 10dime 10美分美分 nickel 5nickel 5美美分分 penny 1penny 1美分美分 英国:英国:pound pound 英英镑镑1 1英镑英镑100100便士便士pennypenny便士便士pencepence(便士的复数)(便士的复数) 2020英镑英镑5050便士:便士: twenty pounds twenty pounds fifty pence. Or twenty fiftyfifty pence. Or twenty
42、fifty.6565 时间单位时间单位机场,车站报时:使用的是小时机场,车站报时:使用的是小时 制,制,遇到不足点要补遇到不足点要补:o onine thirtynine thirty 广播报时:广播报时:Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) / Universal time / Universal time 格林尼治时间格林尼治时间22pm : 22 hours GMT (BBC)22pm : 22 hours GMT (BBC) 22 hours universal time 22 hours universal time
43、midnight: twenty-four hours midnight: twenty-four hours 确切时间确切时间.6666表示年份表示年份in the thirties of the in the thirties of the twentieth century twentieth century in the nineteen thirtiesin the nineteen thirties.6767在二十世纪三十年代在二十世纪三十年代in the 1930s in the 1930s .6868in the year two fifty- three in the yea
44、r two fifty- three B.C.B.C.6969公元前年公元前年.7070数字用于货币数字用于货币表示正常价格表示正常价格: regular price, : regular price, normal price.normal price.表示价格划算:表示价格划算: It is an excellent price It is an excellent price It is a good price/ bargain.It is a good price/ bargain.It is a good buy.It is a good buy.7171表示价格较贵:表示价格较贵
45、:dear, expensive, dear, expensive, steep, more expensive, steep, more expensive, 表示价格便宜:表示价格便宜:bargain price bargain price 其其它说法:它说法:cheap, inexpensive, cheap, inexpensive, less expensive.less expensive.表示减价出售:表示减价出售:on sale,on sale, Christmas sale, Christmas sale, garage garage sale(sale(现场旧货出售现场旧货
46、出售) )4 sale4 sale(?)(?).7272一些数字的词组一些数字的词组on cloud nine on cloud nine 无比幸福无比幸福on cloud nine on cloud nine 无比幸福无比幸福eg. I was on cloud nine after I won the game.eg. I was on cloud nine after I won the game.Your room at sixes and sevensYour room at sixes and sevensat sixes and sevens at sixes and seven
47、s 乱七八糟乱七八糟on second thoughts on second thoughts 再三考虑再三考虑by ones and twos by ones and twos 零零散散零零散散Two heads are better than one. Two heads are better than one. 两个臭皮匠抵个诸葛亮两个臭皮匠抵个诸葛亮in the year one in the year one 早年早年I used to study in America in the year one I used to study in America in the year on
48、e 早年在美国读书早年在美国读书ten to oneten to one很可能很可能 Ten to one he has forgotten itTen to one he has forgotten it three score years and ten three score years and ten 一辈子一辈子Ill love you three score years and ten.Ill love you three score years and ten.7373转折题型转折题型重点听重点听butbut后面的部分后面的部分练习:练习:1 1 A. The Chairman
49、didnt attend the Opening Ceremony at the last A. The Chairman didnt attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.minute. B. The Chairman refused to attend the Opening Ceremony at the B. The Chairman refused to attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.last minute. C. The Chairman never change
50、d his mind to attend the Opening C. The Chairman never changed his mind to attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.Ceremony at the last minute.D. The Chairman made a last minute decision to attend the Opening D. The Chairman made a last minute decision to attend the Opening Ceremony.Ceremony.