1、第1页共 3 页三 峡 大 学2012年研究生入学考试试题(A卷)科目代码： 894 科目名称： 语言学及应用语言学考试时间：3小时 总分：150分（考生必须将答案写在答题纸上并标明题号）I True or False statements：There are 10 statements. Please make decisions whether they are true or false (T for true and F for false) (20 points). 1. Language is creative by which we mean language is resour
2、ceful because of its duality and its recursiveness. ( )2. Phonetics studies the rules governing the structure, distribution and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. ( )3. Pragmatics examines how meaning is encoded in a language. It is not only concerned with meanings of words as l
3、exical items, but also with levels of language below the word and above it, e.g., meanings of morphemes and sentences. ( )4. Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as “Langue and Parole”. ( )5. Grammatical words ar
4、e known as content words while lexical words are known as function words.( )6. Antonymy is the technical name for the sameness relation while synonymy is the name for oppositeness.( )7. Applied linguistics studies psychological aspects of language. It usually studies the psychological states and men
5、tal activity associated with the use of language.( )8. Language is an indispensable carrier of culture. Culture finds a better representation through language use. ( )9. The concept of Communicative Competence was proposed by Halliday. ( )10. Modern linguistics began from the Swiss linguist Ferdinan
6、d de Saussure who is often described as “father of modern linguistics”. ( )II. Multiple choices: There are 4 choices in each statement marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the most suitable for the statement (20 points). 1. _ put forward the Speech Act Theory. A. Austin B. Halliday C. Saussu
7、re D. Kachru2. At present, there are about _ distinct languages. A. 5800 B. 6800 C. 7800 D. 88003. The design features of language are arbitrariness, creativity, duality and _. A. feasibility B. appropriateness C. competence D. displacement 4. A linguistic study is _if it describes and analyses fact
8、s observed A. descriptive B. synchronic C. prescriptive D. diachronic5. The sentence “A rose by any other names would smell as sweet” shows languages _A. duality B. arbitrariness C. creativity D. displacement.6. A: Where is X? B. Hes gone to the library. He said so when he left. _ is violated in the
9、 above dialogue. A: Quality Maxim, B. Relevance Maxim C. Quantity Maxim D. Manner Maxim7. The principal representative of American descriptive linguistics is _. A. N. Chomsky B. M.A.K. Halliday C. R. Ellis D. L. Bloomfield8. _is a grammar oriented syllabus based on a selection of language items and
10、structures. A. The situational syllabus B. The communicative syllabus C. The structural syllabus D. The task-based syllabus9. The theory of meaning which relates the meaning of a word to the thing it refers to, or stands for, is known as _ A. the Speech Act Theory B. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis C. the Na
11、tivist Theory D. the Referential Theory10. The sentence “All the worlds a stage” is a _. A. metaphor B. metonymy C. simile D. synecdocheIII. Give a brief definition to the following ten terms (40 points).applied linguistics, input, Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, the Innateness Hypothesis, interlanguage, co
12、mmunicative strategies, speech act theory, phatic communion, hyponymy, displacementIV. Briefly discuss the similarities (if theres any) and differences of the following linguistic pairs (30 points):competence and performancemistake and errorsecond language and foreign languagenature and nurturesyllabus and curriculumV. Essay writing: you are expected to write a 300-500 word long essay based on the following topic (40 points).Use your linguistic knowledge to talk about how you have learned your foreign language.第 3 页
