1、选三unit4课后拓展训练 FAN ZHONGYANPerhaps one of the most famous _1_(say) in China is, “To be the first to feel concern for the troubles of the world, and the last _2_(enjoy) its pleasures.” _3_(write) by Fan Zhongyan, this 11th century proverb provides a goal for all Chinese government officials to aspire
2、to. Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) _4_(him) was a good example of someone who lived _5_ these words. Fan was born in Suzhou in 989 CE. When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man. From a very young age, he was very diligent _6_ his schoolwork. Later, he left hi
3、s stepfathers family and had to stay in a temple, _7_ he was only able to eat porridge each day. In the winter, he had to cut _8_(freeze) porridge into pieces for his meals. It is said that one day one of his friends noticed that he was not eating well, so he sent over some _9_(taste) food. Fan refu
4、sed to touch it, saying that he wanted to be content _10_ what he had. In 1015, Fan passed the imperial examination and became a government official. While he served in Taizhou, he always had the peoples best interest _11_ heart, and so he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding.
5、 This sea wall was later called “Lord Fans Embankment”. _12_(serve) with distinction, he helped build up defenses when the country was threatened by war. Then, once the country was _13_ peace again, he _14_(promote) to a high-level position in the capital, where he was able to advise the emperor on
6、government policy. As an _15_(advise) to the emperor, Fan then tried to institute government reforms, _16_(know) as the Qingli reforms. _17_, many conservative bureaucrats opposed him, and so the reforms were stopped and Fan was forced to leave the capital and go into exile. While in exile in 1045,
7、Fan wrote an essay _18_(entitle) Memorial to Yueyang Tower. In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire _19_(look) after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare. Of such a man, Fan said, “When _20_
8、(serve) in a high office at court, he will be concerned for the people; if living on distant rivers and lakes, he will be concerned for his sovereign. When serving, he worries; while in _21_(retire), he worries. And when does he enjoy himself? One must say: To be the first to feel concern for the tr
9、oubles of the world, and the last to enjoy its pleasures.”After Fan retired, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs _22_ local people. The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children. Though by this time he was a _23_(wealth) man, he spent all of his money he
10、lping others and lived _24_ very simple life.It is _25_(refresh) to think that there was once such a person _26_ did not just speak wise words to live _27_, but who also put those words into practice during his own life. Fan Zhongyan was just such a man.AN EXCERPT FROM THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA (adapt
11、ed)Blood attracted the shark from deep down in the sea. Suddenly, he was on top of the blue water, _1_(shine) in the sun. Then he fell back into the sea and started swimming _2_ the direction of the skiff and the fish.Sometimes he lost the scent of the fish. But when he picked it up again, he _3_(sw
12、im) hard in that direction. He was a big Mako shark _4_ swam as fast as the fastest fish in the sea, and everything about him was beautiful, except his jaws. His back was blue like a sword fish, his belly was silver, and his thick skin was smooth and handsome. He looked like a sword fish except for
13、his huge jaws. Just under the surface you could see his fin moving quickly _5_ the water. Inside his jaws all of his teeth _6_(shape) like claws. They were long and sharp on both sides. The shark is so fast and strong that he is king of the sea. Now he smelled a fresh scent and swam quickly through
14、the water. When the old man saw him coming, he knew that this shark was not afraid. He prepared the harpoon and some rope as the shark approached. The rope was short as he had cut some away before _7_(tie) the fish. The old mans head was clear now and he was ready, but he was not hopeful. I cant win
15、, he thought. He watched the great fish come _8_(close). This might be a dream, he thought. I cannot keep him from _9_(hit) me but maybe I can get him. The old man saw the sharks mouth open and take a bite of the fish just above its tail. The sharks head and back came out _10_ the water and the old
16、man could hear the noise of skin and flesh ripping when he pushed the harpoon down onto the sharks head between his eyes. That was the location of the brain and the old man hit it using all his _11_(strong). Despite this, he worried that this was not over yet and that things might still get _12_(bad
17、). The shark turned over again and again, _13_(wrap) himself in the rope. The old man knew that he was dead but the shark would not accept it. Then, on his back, with his tail _14_(lash) and his jaws clicking, the shark plowed over the water. Three-quarters of his body was clear above the water when
18、 the rope broke. The shark _15_(lie) quietly for a little while on the surface and the old man watched him. Then he went down very slowly. He took about forty pounds, the old man said aloud. He took my harpoon too and all the rope, he thought. And now my fish bleeds again and there will be other sha
19、rks soon. He did not want to look at the _16_(damage) fish anymore. When the fish had been hit, it felt like he was hit. But I killed the shark that hit my fish, he thought. And he was the biggest one that I have ever seen. And God knows that I have seen big ones. I knew I could not catch the shark,
20、 he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never caught the fish and was alone in bed reading newspapers. But man is not made for defeat, he said. A man can _17_(destroy) but not defeated. I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now I do not even have a harpoon to prote
21、ct myself. The shark is cruel, strong, and intelligent. But I was more intelligent than he was. Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I only had _18_ better weapon. Dont think, old man, he said aloud. Its time to sail home. But I must think, he thought. Because it is all I have left. That and baseball. I
22、 wonder how the great DiMaggio would have liked the way I hit the shark in _19_ brain? It was no great thing, he thought. Any man could do it. Think about something cheerful, old man, he said. Every minute now you are closer to home. You sail lighter now for the _20_(lose) of forty pounds. He knew t
23、his part of the current could be dangerous. But there was nothing to be done now. Yes, there is, he said aloud. I can tie my knife _21_ the bottom of one of the oars. So, he did that. Now, he said. I am still an old man. But I do have a weapon. The breeze was fresh now and he sailed on well. Some of his hope returned. 4 / 4学科网（北京）股份有限公司
