1、Unit4 Journey Across A Vast Land4.3 Discovering useful structures 过去分词作表语和状语1. Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box. Find the difference between each pair of sentences, paying attention to the -ed -ing forms. Then translate the sentences into Chinese. see frighten head ama
2、ze1 The girls were _ to see such an open country.The farm covered a very large area,which was_.2 Going into the wilderness alone can be_. Do you feel _ when going into the?amazedamazingfrighteningfrightened 3_ from the top of the mountain, the scenery was really fascinating. _ the scenery from the t
3、op of the mountain, I was fascinated by the autumn colours. 4 _ eastwards, you will pass the Canadian Rockies. Finally, the company-_by its new manager-started to make a profit. see frighten head amazeSeen Seeing Heading headed 【我的发现我的发现】1,2句是过去分词作表语句是过去分词作表语3,4句是过去分词(短语)作状语句是过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词作表语过去分词作
4、表语(1)1.过去分词可用在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的状态。He seemed quite excited at the news.We became delighted when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.As we have nothing else to do, we feel pretty bored.The door remained unlocked when I went back home.即时训练即时训练 1
5、用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空I felt_(disappoint) at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain_(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.When we heard of it, we were deeply _(move). Why do you always look _(tire).disappointedseatedmovedtired2.感
6、觉类及物动词感觉类及物动词v-ing 和和v-ed 作表语的区别作表语的区别 Eg:The audience were all moved to tears by the moving film. 常见的这类词有:常见的这类词有: interesting 使人高兴的 interested 感到高兴的 exciting 令人激动的 excited 感到激动的 ple asing 令人高兴的 pleased 感到高兴的 puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 感到迷惑的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的 worrying 令人担忧的 worried 感到担忧的
7、 astonishing令人惊讶的 astonished 感到惊讶的过去分词作表语表示人自 身的感受,译为“感到.的 ”现在分词作表语表示事物具有的特性,常译为:“令人的”即时训练即时训练2 用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空 We became _(excite)when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland. We expected to experience a lot of _(excite) things there.The eight-hour train ride was quite _(tire) We w
8、ent to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so _(tire).I was not_ ( satisfy)with the hotel. It was not as clean as I had expected. But we had a _(satisfy)meal at the hotels restaurant, so I felt a bit better later on. lt was raining hard the next day, so we just stayed in the hotel
9、 and watched TV. Sadly, theTV programmes that day were really “ _(bore). As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty_(bore).excited exciting tiring tired satisfied satisfying boring bored 3.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态状态, 动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作强调动作。 The cup is broken.杯子破了。(系
10、表结构) The cup was broken by Tom.杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态)限时训练3 对比翻译这本书写得很好。 这本书是由一名著名的作家写的。The book is well written.The book was written by a famous writer.过去分词(短语)作状语(过去分词(短语)作状语(2) 1.过去分词(短语)作状语的用法过去分词(短语)作状语的用法 过去分词(短语)作状语,一般在句子中表示时间、让步、条件原因、方式、伴随和结果,相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语主句的主语,且与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系被动关系。(1) 表示
11、时间表示时间 相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,until”等,使其时间意义更明确。 Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. 从山顶往下看,这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。 =When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful. (2)表示原因)表示原因 相当于一个原因状语从句或并列结构。可加连词because,as等转换成原因状语从句。 Written in haste, her letter
12、is very hard to read. 因为写得快,她的信很难阅读。(3)表示条件)表示条件 相当于一个条件状语从句。可加连词if, unless 等转换成条件状语从句。 Heated, water changes into steam. 如果水被加热,水就能变成蒸汽。(4) 表示让步表示让步 相当于一个让步状语从句。有时可加although,though,even if, even though Though beaten by the opposite team, they did not lose heart. 虽然被对手打败,但他们并没有丧失信心。 =Because her let
13、ter is written in haste, her letter is very hard to read. = If water is heated,water changes into steam.=Though they were beaten by the opposite team, they did not lose heart. (5)表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明)表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明 相当于一个并列结构,常用and连接。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. 他躺在草地上,长时间地
14、望着天空。(6)表示结果)表示结果 相当于一个并列结构,常用and连接。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱.【助学巧记助学巧记】 := His father died and left him a lot of money.= He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time 分词做状语,分词做状语, 概有七意义。概有七意义。“ 时间时间”和和“原因原因”, “ 结果结果”与与“目的目的”。 “方式方式”加加“伴随伴随”,“条件条件”常出席。常出席
15、。 且谈其主语,且谈其主语, 谓语头前的主语。谓语头前的主语。Warmly _( praise ) for his work, he was too excited to fall asleep._( surround), the enemy found nowhere to hide and had to give up.While_( criticize ),she cried._( give ) more time, we are sure to do it betterEverything goes well as _( plan )_(use)with care, one tin w
16、ill last six weeks.praisedSurroundedcriticizedGivenplannedUsed即时训练即时训练4(1)用所给的词的适当形式填空)用所给的词的适当形式填空(2)同义句转换)同义句转换 Brought up in the countryside, he found it hard to get used to town life._, he found it hard to get used to town life. Laughed at by many people, he continued his research._ , he continu
17、ed his research. He went into the office, and he was followed by some children. He went into the office, _. When he was asked about his family, he made no answer. _,he made no answer.followed by some childrenWhen asked about his family Because he was brought up in the countryside Even if he was laug
18、hed by many people 【名师点津 】 有些过去分调及短语因来源于系表结构,作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: lost(迷路),seated(坐),hidden(躲), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着), tired of (厌烦)。 Eg : Lost in the book, he didnt hear the bell. Devoted to the study of science, my uncle had little time to take care of his chil
19、dren. Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.即时训练即时训练5 补充句子补充句子 _, she didnt notice my coming. 沉迷在书中,她没注意到我的到来。 _,such a chance might never come again. 一旦丢失,这样的机会也许再也不会来了。 _, let me know and Ill send you more information. 如果你对它感兴趣,请让我知道,我会给你发更多的信息。_ ,he left away. 对那里的环境不满意,他离开了。Not satis
20、fied with the environmentInterested in itOnce lostAbsorbed in the book2.过去分词(短语)作状语在句中的位置过去分词(短语)作状语在句中的位置 过去分词(短语)作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句句首首; 作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末;作方式状语时,一般放在句末句末,有时也放在句首句首; 作让步状语时,一般放在句首句首,有时也放在句末句末。 Moved by the heroic deeds, the children couldnt help crying. The old man walked into the ro
21、om, supported by his son. Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 3.过去分词的独立主格结构过去分词的独立主格结构 有时分词的动作不是句子主语发的,而是其他的人或事物。这时必须在分词前加上逻辑主语,这这 种带主语的分词结种带主语的分词结构通常称为构通常称为 独立主格独立主格。这种结构常作状语,可表示时间, 原因,条件等情况。 Weather permitting , well have an outing tomorrow. 条件 天气允许的话,明天我们去郊游。 The nigh
22、t being dark, she was afraid to go there. 原因天黑,她不敢去那里。 4.v-ed 和和v-ing作状语区别作状语区别 过去分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系动宾关系,即表示被动被动;现在分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系,即表示主动主动。 【助学巧记助学巧记】 分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语,主语是问题。 前后两动作,共用一主语。 主语找出后,再来判关系。 主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。即时训即时训练练6 用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空 _(give)more time, we could do
23、 it much better. _ (defeat)by his opponent, he never gave up any hope. _(find)the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. _(hear)the joke, I couldnt help laughing._(ask)why he was late, he cried. The teacher came into the classroom, _(follow) by some students. GivenDefeatedFindi
24、ngHearingAskedfollowed高考链接高考链接 After _ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action .(2021全国) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,_(form)the core collection of the British Museum.(2020全国) Ordinary soap, _(use) correctly, can
25、 deal with bacteria effectively.(2018北京)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _(allow) more patients to be treated.(2017天津)_ (order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016北京)spendingformedusedallowingOrdered高考链接高考链接 Nervously _ (face) challenges, I kn
26、ow I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.(2019北京) The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _(range)from butterflies to elephants. (2017北京) People probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. (2016全国新课标) After _(look) at the toy for some time, he turned around and found that his parents were missing. (2015全国) he had a wonderful childhood,_ (travel)with his mother to all corners of the world(2021安徽) facingtravelingrangingusinglookingThank you