1、cuisinepriorprior toconsist consist ofpepper recipebold chef peppercornvinegarn. 菜肴；风味；烹饪菜肴；风味；烹饪adj. 先前的；优先的先前的；优先的在在之前的之前的vi. 由由组成；由组成；由构成构成 由由组成组成(或构成或构成)n. 甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉n. 烹饪法；食谱烹饪法；食谱adj. 大胆自信的；敢于冒险的大胆自信的；敢于冒险的n. 厨师；主厨厨师；主厨n. 胡椒粒胡椒粒n. 醋醋stuffslice slice.off onionlamblamb kebab elegantdim
2、 sumexceptionalminimumvt. 填满；把填满；把塞进塞进 n. 东西；物品东西；物品n. (切下的食物切下的食物)薄片薄片 vt. 把把切成薄片切成薄片切下切下n. 洋葱洋葱;葱头葱头n.羊羔肉；羔羊羊羔肉；羔羊烤羊肉串烤羊肉串adj. 精美的；讲究的；文雅的精美的；讲究的；文雅的n. 点心点心(中国食品中国食品)adj. 特别的；罕见的特别的；罕见的adj. n. 最小值；最少量最小值；最少量 最低最低(限度限度)的；最小的的；最小的consume tempervegetarian junkjunk food garlicbacon ham sausagecabbage
3、bean curdvt. 吃；喝；饮；消耗吃；喝；饮；消耗n. 脾气；火气脾气；火气n. 素食者素食者n. 无用的东西无用的东西(=junk) 垃圾食品垃圾食品n. 蒜蒜n. 熏猪肉；咸肉熏猪肉；咸肉n. 火腿火腿n. 香肠；腊肠香肠；腊肠n. 甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜n. (=tofu)豆腐豆腐 CULTURE AND CUISINE The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” Put
4、more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However, Brillat-savarin was actually referring to our personal, character, and culture. 法国作家让安泰尔姆布里亚-萨瓦兰曾写道: “告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来。然而，布里亚-萨瓦兰实际上指的是我
5、们的个性、品格及文化。 Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. For example, Americas most popular Chinese dish is General
6、 Tsos chicken, which consists of fried chicken , . This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe, however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple flavours. And since the dish
7、 was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods.当然，从很多方面来看，此话不假。中国菜就是个很好的例子。来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹任，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。然而，这或许并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能让我们对中国人了解多少。不过在另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。例如，这道菜说明美国人喜爱浓烈、简单的口味。此外，由于这道菜也是新发明，说明
8、美国人不惧怕尝试新的菜品。1. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America prior adj. existing or arranged before something else or before the present situation 先前的；优先的先前的；优先的 prior to: before 在在之前之前 eg It is important to enrich the soil prior to planting. (翻译翻译) 栽种之前给土壤施肥很重要。栽
9、种之前给土壤施肥很重要。 It happened prior to his arrival. (翻译翻译) 这事发生在他到达以前。这事发生在他到达以前。adj. + tosenior to 比比年长的年长的junior to 比比年轻的年轻的prior to 在在之前的之前的inferior to 比比差的差的superior to 比比好的好的priority n. 优先考虑的事优先考虑的事【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1) _ _(由于事先另有由于事先另有约会约会), Mr Richards is unable to attend.2) _ (我首先要考虑的事我首先要考虑的事)
10、is to find somewhere to live.3) She got to the park _ (在约定的在约定的时间之前时间之前).Due to a prior engagement/appointmentMy first priorityprior to/ before the set time2. which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce consist of: include; be made up of 由由组成组成【归纳归纳】由由组成组成be made up of consist ofbe comp
11、osed of【注意注意】consist of不能用于被动语态和进行时态，常考其现不能用于被动语态和进行时态，常考其现在分词短语在句中作定语。类似的短语还有在分词短语在句中作定语。类似的短语还有date from/ back to, belong to等。等。【语境应用语境应用】完成完成句子。句子。1) With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, _ (由由组成组成) many weak links ra
12、ther than a few strong ones. (2019天津天津)2) The medical team, _(consist) of 8 doctors and 16 nurses, is making its way to the stricken area. consist ofconsisting3) The committee _ten members. 委员会由十名成员组成。委员会由十名成员组成。is made up of consist in=lie in 存在于存在于consist with 相符，与相符，与一致一致 Later, I had a chance to
13、 experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had n
14、o idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered（to） us.背背后来
15、，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。我与家人刚刚抵达中国，便在北京找一个好地方吃饭。一位朋友之前向我们推荐过一家川菜馆，最终我们找到了这家餐馆。我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物;那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。于是，我们高高兴兴地体验了种全新的口味:四川花椒。食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumpl
16、ings. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyonefrom the youngest to the oldestjoining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in
17、Shandong is pancake rolls .不久，我们到了位于华北东部的山东省。在那里我最喜爱的食物是水饺。我发现那里的人都很重视家庭水饺已成为华北人民最喜爱的一种传统食物:包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动，无论老少都会加入进来帮忙。后来，我了解到，最有名的山东食物是煎饼卷大葱。【语境应用语境应用】 单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1) The cupboard was stuffed _ old books.2) I have to go now Ive got stuff _ (do).3) This suitcase is absolutely full, so I cant s
18、tuff another thing _ it.withto dointo Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fireusually boiled or roasted meat, such
19、 as lamb kebab.随后，我们又到了新疆北部。我们的一些朋友是哈萨克族人和内蒙古人。传统上，他们骑着马在广阔的草原上漫步因此，他们的传统食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串。 Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdongs elegant dim sumsmall servings of food in bamboo st
20、eamersto the exceptional stewed noodles In Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. 接着，我们前往华南，之后又去了华中。我们每到一处，都会品尝当地美食，有广东的精致点心一一那是放在竹蒸笼里笼出来的小份食品，还有河南独特的烩面。所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。然而，有一件
21、事始终不变:每个地方的中国人都通过食物展现友情与善意。At a minimum, the kinds of food tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives , and what . Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. W
22、hat we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. 背背 至少，当地人吃的食物种类能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。例如，我们是否也能这样推断，喜欢重口味的人性格粗犷?抑或喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气火暴也许是的，也许又不是。但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。3. At
23、 a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region minimum adj. the minimum number, degree, or amount of something is the smallest or least that is possible, allowed, or needed 最低最低(限度限度)的；最小的的；最小的 n. the smallest amount of something or number of things that is
24、 possible or necessary 最小值；最少量最小值；最少量eg The minimum number of students we need to run the course is fifteen. (翻译翻译) 我们开设这门课程需要的学生人数至少为我们开设这门课程需要的学生人数至少为 15 人。人。at a minimum: used to say that if nothing else is done, this one thing should be done 最起码，至少，最少最起码，至少，最少eg At a minimum, we must recruit(聘用聘
25、用) two new teachers. (翻译翻译) 我们最起码应该招两名新教师。我们最起码应该招两名新教师。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1) We should reduce the damage caused by the accident _ (到最低程度到最低程度).2) He couldnt join the police, because he was below _ (最低身高最低身高) allowed by the rules.3) You must practise for _ (至少至少) 30 minutes each day.to a minimumthe
26、 minimum heighta minimum of4. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand hand in hand: if two things go hand in hand, they are closely connected 密切关联的密切关联的 if two people are hand in hand, they are holding each others hand 手拉手手拉手常用的结构类似的短语：常用的结构类似的短语：arm in arm 臂臂挽着挽着臂臂day
27、by day 一天天一天天day after day 日复一日日复一日face to face 面对面面对面side by side 并排并排step by step 一步一步地一步一步地year after year 年复一年年复一年shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩肩并肩face to face 面对面地面对面地head to head 交头接耳交头接耳heart to heart 心贴心地心贴心地“名词名词 - 介词介词 - 名词名词”结构可作形容词，常作前置定语。结构可作形容词，常作前置定语。face- to - face 面对面的面对面的back to back 背靠背
28、的背靠背的hand - in - hand 手拉手的；亲密的手拉手的；亲密的heart- to - heart 敞开心扉的敞开心扉的head to- head 正面交锋的；头碰头的正面交锋的；头碰头的shoulder to - shoulder 肩并肩的肩并肩的 【语境应用语境应用】句子句子翻译。翻译。1) Poverty and poor health often go hand in hand. 贫穷和健康不良常有联系。贫穷和健康不良常有联系。2) They walked hand in hand in silence up the path. 他们手牵着手静静地沿着小路散步。他们手牵着手
29、静静地沿着小路散步。5. That is, one thing causes something else to happen. that is (to say):a formula introducing or following an explanation or further clarification. 即，也就是说即，也就是说(=namely)，用于列举所提到事物的全部。，用于列举所提到事物的全部。 eg Some wines have proprietary names that is to say, their names were created by the produce
30、rs.We plan on going to the concert that is, if tickets are still available. that is, such as, for example易混词组易混词组辨析辨析例句例句that is意为意为“也就是说也就是说”，完，完整表达为整表达为that is to say, 相当于相当于namelyHe has three partners, that is, John, Jack and Tom.such as用于列举前面提到的事用于列举前面提到的事物的一部分物的一部分He can speak several foreign languages fluently, such as English, French and German.for example用于举例说明，一般只用于举例说明，一般只列举同类中的一个，可列举同类中的一个，可置于句首、句中或句末置于句首、句中或句末Tome doesnt like sports. For example, he is never seen to play on the playground.
