1、Unit 1 Science and Scientists授课人授课人Lead inThere are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world.Please name these famous scientists .Who is he?He put forward a theory about black holes.Stephen HawkingWho is she?Tu Youyou She is the first Chinese Nobel laureate in physiology or med
2、icine and the first female citizen of China to receive a Nobel Prize.laureate lrit lrit n. 获奖者，荣誉获得者获奖者，荣誉获得者Who is he?He played an important role in fighting against Covid-19 and also won the Medal of Republic(共和国共和国勋章）勋章）in 2020 .Zhong NanshanBesides the coronavirus, there are some other kinds of
3、epidemics . .Bird-flu malaria plague Ebola Cholera 禽流感疟疾疟疾 瘟疫 埃博拉霍乱Many years ago, a terrible disease named cholera in the world killed millions of people. People were very afraid of it, but they didn t know what to do. Luckily, a young doctor decided to find out how to prevent and treat the disease
4、. Finally, the doctor won the battle. John Snow John Snow Defeated “King Cholera”What is Cholera?Who is John Snow?How did he defeat Colera?It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment. The victims(患者患者) died very quickly from a loss of liquid (缺水缺水)after s
5、evere vomiting(呕吐呕吐) and diarrhea(腹泻腹泻).Cholera Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of chole
6、ra hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destr
7、oy cholera once and for all.Para.1原因状语从句原因状语从句后置定语后置定语宾语从句宾语从句 In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscri
8、bed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined
9、to find out why.后置定语后置定语表语从句表语从句表语从句表语从句Para.2时间状语从句时间状语从句宾语从句宾语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (s
10、uch as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 定语从句定语从句Para.3定语从句定语从句What is more, in a
11、nother part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water c
12、arried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.Para.3表语从句表语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句目的目的状语从句状语从句 The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover,
13、 Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled wat
14、er.Para.4表语从句表语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句 Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die fro
15、m it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.Para.5定语从句定语从句 In the early 19th century，an o
16、utbreak of cholera hit Europe,causing millions of deaths. Seeing this, John Snow became frustrated 1 no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. At that time, doctors had two theories to explain how cholera spread. One was that bad air caused the disease and another was 2 cholera was caused by an i
17、nfection from germs in food or water. 语法填空语法填空 （高考题型巩固案）（高考题型巩固案）becausethat John Snow discovered 3 in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe 4 over 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. Through his serious investigation, he found it was the pump water in
18、 Broad Street containing germs 5 resulted in the outbreak of cholera. thatthatthat Therefore, he had the handle of the pump 6 (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.It turned out that the water from the Broad Street pump 7 (infect)by w
19、aste.Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link 8 other cases of cholera and the different water 9 (company) in London.removedhad been infectedbetweencompanies Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial de
20、crease. 10 (fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.FortunatelyAs a scientist, he found out what caused cholera.As a doctor, he helped us to prevent cholera.Is he a hero? Analyse the right order of a scientific researchFind a problemAsk a questionThink of a me
21、thodCollect data Analyse the resultsFind supporting evidenceDraw a conclusion John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Thinkingtraininghard workdevotiondeterminationpassioncreativityselflessnessCommon characteristicsstrict attitudeA promising nation cannot live without heroes and a promisingcountry cannot live without pioneers.Homework:1.Finish the exercises on Page3 in our textbook.2.Retell how John Snow defeated cholera.
