1、Unit 3Environmental ProtectionPart 1 words revision1. starve v. (使使)挨饿挨饿_n. 挨饿挨饿 _adj. 饥饿的饥饿的2. ecology n. 生态生态_adj. 生态的生态的_n. 生态学家生态学家3. habitat n. 居住地居住地; 栖息地栖息地_adj. 适合居住的适合居住的_n. 居民居民 4. sustain vt. 维持维持; 保持保持 _adj. 可持续的可持续的; 合理利用的合理利用的5. restrict vt. 限制限制 _n. 限制规定限制规定; 限制法规限制法规; 约束约束 6. harmony
2、 n. 和谐和谐_adj. 和谐的和谐的7. origin n. 起源起源; 出身出身_v. 起源起源_adj. 最初的最初的starvationstarvingecologicalecologisthabitablehabitantsustainablerestrictionharmoniousoriginateoriginal8. conserve v. 保护保护_n. 保护保护 _n. 环境保护主义者环境保护主义者9. regulate v. 规定规定_n. 章程章程; 规章制度规章制度10. tolerate vt. 容忍容忍_n. 容忍容忍 _adj. 宽容的宽容的11. frequ
3、ent adj. 频繁的频繁的_adv. 频繁地频繁地 _n. 频率频率conservationconservationistregulationtolerancetolerantfrequentlyfrequencyPara 1 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLDS ATTENTION （1.）We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warmin
4、g ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.1.climate changes2.There is little doubt that.3.along with4.provide evidence5. a dramatic change para 11.1.气候变化气候变化2. 2. 毫无疑问毫无疑问.3. 3. 和；连同和；连同4. 4. 提供证据提供证据5. 5. 一个巨大的变化一
5、个巨大的变化1. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.There is little/no doubt that. 几乎几乎没有疑问的是没有疑问的是There is some doubt whether . 毫无疑问的是毫无疑问的是that引导同位语从句，解释说明引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容的具体内容注意：注意：doubt前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由that引导；引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从前有肯定意义的词修饰
6、时，其后的同位语从句由句由whether或或if引导。引导。Para 2 （2）In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norways Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was skin and bones . An expert who has stud
7、ied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant that the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. T
8、his alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earths ecology.1.be shocked by2.appear to do =seem to do 3.in order to do.4.the alarming case5.have an impact/effect/influence on para 21.1. 被被.震惊震惊2. 2. 似乎似乎3. 3. 目的是目的是4. 4. 令人震惊的案例令人震惊的案例5.5.对对.产生影响产生影响2. According to the s
9、cientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”.who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scientiststhat引导的定语从句，修饰先行词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all, that不能用不能用which代替代替句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊句意：根据发现北极熊尸体的科学家的说法，这只北极熊只剩下了只剩下了“皮和骨头皮和骨头”。3. the bear appeared to have starved and died.
10、本句本句中中appear是系动词是系动词，to have starved and died是不定式是不定式作表语。作表语。starve这个动作发生在这个动作发生在appear之前，所以用完成式之前，所以用完成式的形式来表达。的形式来表达。e.g. Thousands of people will starve if food doesnt reach there. The schools are starving for funding.starve to death 饿死饿死be starving of/for 缺乏缺乏/急需急需 （3）Then what is causing the in
11、crease in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the greenhouse effect which has two common meanings: the natural greenhouse effect and the man-made greenhouse effect. The natural greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the s
12、un enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earths climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Eart
13、h could not sustain life. However, the man-made greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly.Para 3 1. global ave
14、rage surface temperature2. a key climate process3. greenhouse effect4. man-made5. refer to (referred-referring) reference6. as short-wave radiation7. release.into.8. keep earths climate warm and habitable9. sustain life10.huge amounts of11.be trapped in para31.1. 全球平均表面温度全球平均表面温度2. 2. 一个关键气候过程一个关键气候
15、过程3. 3. 温室效应温室效应4. 4. 人造的人造的5. 5. 指的是指的是6. 6. 以短波辐射的形式以短波辐射的形式7. 7. 释放到释放到8. 8. 地球温度保持温暖并适于居住地球温度保持温暖并适于居住9. 9. 维持生命维持生命10. 10. 大量的大量的11. 11. 被困在被困在4. Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect
16、 and the “man-made” greenhouse effect.过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词processwhich引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰the “greenhouse effect”句意：句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应温室效应”的关键气的关键气候过程，它有两个常见的含义：候过程，它有两个常见的含义：“自然自然”温室效应和温室效应和“人为人为”温室效应。温室效应。5. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases
17、 by burning fossil fuels huge amounts of + 不可数不可数名词名词 大量，许多大量，许多修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复复数数形式形式a huge amount of +不可数不可数名词名词 大量，许多大量，许多修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数单数形式形式eg A huge amount of money has been spent on this project.eg Huge amounts of damage have been done in a short time. （4）There i
18、s strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend wil
19、l probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses。Para 41. strong and comprehensive evidence2. extreme weather3. natural disasters4. cause damage5.cost human lives6. ta
20、ke appropriate action7. the warming trend8. frequently broadcast9. extreme rainstorms and heatwaves10. economic lossesPara41.1. 充分且全面的证据充分且全面的证据2. 2. 极端天气极端天气3. 3. 自然灾害自然灾害4. 4. 造成损害造成损害5. 5. 造成生命损失造成生命损失6. 6. 采取适当的行动采取适当的行动7. 7. 变暖的趋势变暖的趋势8. 8. 频繁地报道频繁地报道9. 9. 极端暴雨和热浪极端暴雨和热浪10. 10. 经济损失经济损失6. There
21、 is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.主句主句剩余的部分是剩余的部分是that引导的同位语从句，引导的同位语从句，解释解释evidence的具体内容。的具体内容。not only, but also是两个并列的现在分词短语作结果是
22、两个并列的现在分词短语作结果状语状语7. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses.现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰rainstorms and heatwaveseg The interview was broadcast live across China.broadcast v. to tell sth. to a lot of people使广为传播，散布使广为传播
23、，散布eg Dont broadcast the fact that he lost his job.Para 5（5）Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate
24、actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and
25、impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help?1. result in=lead to=contribute to result from v. as a result of =because of=due to= 2. consider making policies3. take appropriate action/ measures/steps4. restrict the amount of carbon d
26、ioxide5. It is our responsibility to do take responsibility for doing6. seize the opportunity to do（seize sb. by the+n.）7. deal with climate change（tackle/ work out /address /handle ）1.1. 导致导致由由.造成造成由于由于2. 2. 考虑制定政策考虑制定政策3. 3. 采取适当的行动采取适当的行动4. 4. 限制二氧化碳的量限制二氧化碳的量5. 5. 做做.是我们的责任是我们的责任6. 6. 抓住机会做某事抓住机
27、会做某事7. 7. 处理处理8. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.result in: to make something happen 导致导致，造成，造成eg The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. Our efforts resulted in success.【拓展拓展】 result from. 由由造成造成; ; 因因而产生
28、而产生 as a result of. 由于由于的的结果结果 as a result 结果结果 (在句中常用作插入语在句中常用作插入语, 相当于一个副词相当于一个副词)9. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.restrict vt. to limit or control the size, amount, or range of something 限制限制；限定；限定eg In
29、future we will restrict class sizes to 20 students. Im restricting myself to a piece of candy a day.省略了省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词的定语从句，修饰先行词carbon dioxide10. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming,seize vt. to take hold of something suddenly and violently 抓住抓住seize a chance / an opportunity :to quickly and eagerly do something when you have the chance to 抓住机会抓住机会/时机时机eg Seize the chance, otherwise youll regret it.I seized his arm and made him turn to look at me.
