1、Unit 3Direct speech VS. Indirect speech1.Students can master the usage of Direct Speech & Indirect Speech.2.Students can use Direct Speech & Indirect Speech to do some exercises.The expert said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.The expert said, “From
2、 the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.”Direct Speech Indirect SpeechThe reporter asked, “Will polar bears die out because of climate change?”The reporter asked whether polar bears would die out because of climate change.Direct Speech Indirect SpeechThe reporter a
3、sked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction?”The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction.Direct Speech Indirect Speech“Lets work together to stop climate change,” the expert said.The expert advised us to work together to stop climate change.英语中常用两种方式引用别人说的话。一种英语中常用两种方式引用别
4、人说的话。一种是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在是直接引述别人的原话，把它放在引号引号内，内，叫叫 引语引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别；另一种是用自己的话转述别人说的话，人说的话，叫叫 引语引语。直接直接间接间接1.The boy said, “ I like it very much.”2. Mary asked me what I liked. 3.He said , “I lost a key here today.”4.“I dont know where your bike is,” said the Arab.5.She said that she was a dentist.6.Th
5、e girl said, “I can do my homework myself.”以上句子中，是直接引语的有以上句子中，是直接引语的有 ，是间，是间接引语的有接引语的有 。 1 1，3 3，4 4，6 62 2，5 5直接引语间接引语1234人称变化时态变化代词，时状，地状，动词变化语序变化人称变化01人称变化1.“I dont know that,” he said.He said that he didnt know that.2.She said to me,“You can go with me.”She told me that I could go with her.3.She
6、 said to me,“He will go home.”She told me that he would go home.人称变化规律总结一随主二随宾第三人称不更新Exercise：1.“I will come and see you again this evening.” she said to Tom. She told Tom that would go and see _again that evening. 2.He said to me，“You are wrong.” He told me that was wrong. sheIhim时态变化02She said ，“W
7、e are planning to have a picnic.”She said that they were planning to have a picnic.He said，“We have begun our plan.”He said that they had begun their plan.My teacher said to us ，“Early birds catch worms.”My teacher told us that early birds catch worms.时态变化 直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一
8、般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时 现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时直接引语是客观真理、谚语或格言时态无变化直接引语是客观真理、谚语或格言时态无变化. 直接引语变间接引语时, 时态保持不变的几种情况 1. 直接引语是客观真理、格言、谚语。2. 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语, 变为间接引语时, 时态不变。3. 直接引语是一般现在时, 表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作, 变间接引语时, 时态不变。“Light travels much faster than sound, ” my father sai
9、d. My father said that light _ much faster than sound. John said, “I was born on June 8, 2000. ”John said he _on June 8, 2000. He said, “I have breakfast at seven every morning. ”He said he _ breakfast at seven every morning. travelswas bornhasExercise：1.The teacher said,“We are watching TV.” The te
10、acher said that _ watching TV. 2.He said,“I have written a novel.” He said that _ a novel. 3.The teacher said,”Where there is a will，there is a way.” The teacher said that where there _ a will， there _ a way. they werehe had writtenisis代词，时状，地状，动词变化031.She asked，“Is this book his？”She asked whether
11、that book was his.2.He said, “I want these book.”He said that he wanted those books.3.She said, “Ill come here and bring some apples.”She said she would go there and take some apples .指示代词、指示代词、地点状语和动词变化地点状语和动词变化变化项目变化项目直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示代词指示代词thisthese地点状语地点状语here方向性方向性动词动词comebringthatthosetherego
12、take1.The old man said,“I like to talk with these young men.” The old man said that he liked to talk with _young men. 2.“I will come to your school tomorrow.”she said. She said she would _to our school the next day.those go 1.“Ill be very busy today，” said the man.The man said he would be very busy
13、that day.2.He said, “I opened the window ten days ago.”He said he opened the window ten days before.3.“Im free tomorrow.” John said.John said that she was free the next day.4.He said, “I saw the film yesterday.”Hhe said he had seen the film the day before.时间状语变化时间状语yesterdayten days /weeksagotomorro
14、w/next year nowtoday, tonightthis week/monththe day beforeten days beforethe next day/yearthenthat day, that nightthat week / month 1.She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.” She told me she had lived there five years _. 2.Ill come and see you this evening.”he said. He said he would go and see
15、me _. 3.Mr Harry said，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?” Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam _.the day before that eveningbefore语序变化与各种句式的转换04语序变化与句式转换1.“I dont know that,” he said.He said (that )he didnt know that. 陈述句用that引导,that可省略2.Mother asked me, “Have you finished your
16、homework?”Mother asked me whether/if I had finished my homework. 一般疑问句用whether/ if 引导3. “How many sleeping pills have you taken?” asked the nurse.The nurse asked me how many sleeping pills I had taken.The teacher asked, “Where have you been?” The teacher asked me where I had been.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句由连接代词或连接副
17、词引导的宾语从句。由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。4. “What about starting early tomorrow morning?” Jack said. Jack suggested starting early tomorrow morning.“Why dont you take the rest of the day off?” asked my assistant.My assistant advised me to take the rest of the day off.表示请求、劝告、建议等意义的疑问句变为间接引语：用suggest doing 或 ask/a
18、dvise sb to do sth.。5. He said to Ann, “Tell me your problem.” He told Ann to tell him her problem. “Be careful with the dog, boys,” she said. She warned the boys to be careful with the dog. “Dont work in bed, Tom,” she said. She told Tom not to work in bed.祈使句祈使句动词（动词（tell, order, ask, warn）+宾语宾语+不
19、定式。不定式。小结直接引语变间接引语时, 间接引语有以下几种变化: 若直接引语为陈述句, 用连词_来引导间接宾语, 且人称和_等都要作相应的变化，主句动词主要用say, tell, explain等; 若直接引语为一般 用连词_或_来引导间接宾语, 疑问句语序变为_语序，原句中的谓语动词said改为asked; 若直接引语为特殊疑问句, 用原来的_来引导间接宾语, 疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，主句的谓语动词用ask (sb. ); 若直接引语为祈使句, 间接宾语用“动词+宾语+_”结构, 通常表示命令、建议、请求等，如果祈使句为否定句, 要在动词不定式的前面加上not。引述表示命令的祈使句, 常
20、用动词order, tell, warn; 引述表示请求的祈使句常用动词ask, beg; 引述表示建议、劝告的祈使句常用动词advise等。 直接引语变间接引语时, _状语和_状语, 人称代词, 指示代词和某些方向动词都要作相应变化。that时态时态ifwhether陈述句陈述句疑问词疑问词不定式不定式地点地点时间时间 句型转换 1. He said，“Ive left my book in your room.” He told me he his book in my room. 2. She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements o
21、n TV?” She asked me I watching the advertisements on TV. 3. “Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?” Bill asked. Bill asked the ads for jobs abroad. that whether where I had foundlikedhad left 句型转换 4. “What are you doing now?” Mom asked. Mom asked then. 5. He said，“Please come here again tomorr
22、ow.” He again . 6. He said，“Dont make so much noise，boys.” He told the boys so much noise. what I was doingasked me to go there not to make the next day. 单句语法填空1. The man asked me _I could lend him some money or not. 2. Jane asked him _he was late for the party that day. 3. His father told him _(not
23、 leave) the door open. 4. The teacher said that where there _ (be) a will, there is a way. 5. She told me that the meeting _(hold)in her office in half an hour. whetherwhynot to leaveiswould be held6. The woman told us that she _(be) to many countries already. 7. The boy said that when the teacher c
24、ame in, he _(read)a novel. 8. He told us that he _(go)to college in 1994. had beenwas readingwentHere are some statements and questions by children who attended scientific lectures. Guess who they were talking to and then change the sentences into indirect speech.Name Statements/QuestionsDianeDiane
25、asked what had made Hurricane Katrina unusual.Diane asked if/whether it had been the worst natural disaster in American history.Name Statements/QuestionsMarthaMartha said/told me that she wanted to become a scientist and help the world.Martha said/told me that she was doing a project on behalf of he
26、r school about global warming.BobBob asked why nuclear power was such a sensitive topic.Bob asked if/whether they could explain how the nuclear disaster had happened.Name Statements/QuestionsLauraLaura asked how many animals had disappeared because of human hunting.Laura asked what we could do to he
27、lp wild animals.Vincent Vincent said/told me that he had never been to the Amazon Jungle.Vincent asked if/whether scientists would discover new species there.Do a survey on what your group members are doing to help the environment and what else they can do. Then report to the class.MichelleI always
28、use my cloth bag when I go shopping, rather than use plastic bags.JackI often walk or ride a bike instead of taking a taxi.SallyDont print out documents unless really necessary.JoeWould it be best to share books with others?I asked my group members what they did to limit the amount of carbon dioxide produced in their daily lives. Jack told me that he often walked or rode a bike instead of taking a taxi. Joe advised us to share books with others. Sally asked usUnit 3谢谢观看
