1、 Period 3 Discover useful structures Unit 2 Health lifestyleLead inScan the first and second paragraphs of P14 ,find out sentences including “to”and analyse the function of each infinitive .To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.To change bad habits is nev
2、er easy, even with many attempts. 不定式作主语不定式作主语Task 1Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the infinitives.In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.1. To change bad habits is never easy.2. It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mothers lung surgery.改掉坏习惯从来都不是件容易的事。 外科医生花了三个
3、小时才完成我母亲的肺部手术。subject（主语）subject（真正主语）Look at the following sentences and pay attention to the infinitives.In pairs, discuss their meanings and functions.3. To join the Peoples Liberation Army,it is required for men to shave of the beards. 4. It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud mu
4、sic last night.参加人民解放军时，要求男性必须剃掉胡须。昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。subject（真正主语）subject（真正主语）Task 1Task 2Compare the position and function of infinitives in the following two sentences.1. To change bad habits is never easy.2. It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mothers lung surgery.subject（主语）subject（形
5、式主语）subject（真正主语）两种表达的区别并得出结论：用形 式主语it代替真正的to change bad habits符合英语表达习惯，避免句子头重脚轻、结构失衡; 如果作者有意将比较长的不定式主语放在句首，那么作者就是想要突岀不定式的内容。Task 3Read the text in the Reading and Thinking section again and find all sentences with infinitive subjects.However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to f
6、orm bad habits.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.Task 4Translate the sentences into Chinese.However, during this period, it can be easy for some
7、of them to form bad habits.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.然而，在这段时间里，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是必要的。Task 4Translate the sentence into Chinese.To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.After all, it is not easy to break bad hab
8、its.即使多次尝试，要改变坏习惯也绝非易事。毕竟，改掉坏习惯是不容易的。Task 51.然而，在这段时间里，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。2.防止这些坏习惯支配青少年的生活是必要的。3.即使多次尝试，要改变坏习惯也绝非易事。4.毕竟，改掉坏习惯是不容易的。Translate the sentence into English ,using infinitives and compare your answers with the sentences above.Task 6 Join the words to make full sentences.1. important / avoid
9、 / passive cigarette smokingIt is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking.2. will take /nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/ make/ an hour/for you3. useful/ turn to/fitness consultant /for advice4. illegal / dangerous/ take / drugs5. harmful/ skip breakfast/oftenIt will take an hour for a
10、 nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you.It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.It is dangerous to take illegal drugs.It is harmful to skip breakfast (too) often.It is/was +形容词形容词+ (for sb) to do sthIt take/took/will take sb some time to do sth It is/was required f
11、or sb to do sthTask 7According to the sentences of Activity 1 and Activity 2, summarize the common sentence patterns of it as formal subject, and distinguish its functions.往往用于表达观点往往用于陈 述事实往往用于陈 述事实Task 8Join the sentences of Task 6 to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to
12、 make your paragraph more meaningful. To get healthy and get rid of bad habits, sometimes it is also a good idea to get professional help. It will take an hour for a nutrition specialist to make a balanced diet menu for you. It is also useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice.Task 8Join the
13、 sentences of Task 6 to make a paragraph. You can add your own sentences if necessary to make your paragraph more meaningful. You can also help yourself with some common sense. For example, it is harmful to skip breakfast too often. It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. And, of course,
14、 it is dangerous to take illegal drugs too.1. A: Hello doctor. I want to lose weight,but I just cant seem to do it.What can you do to help me? B:Well, first, its necessary to_ what you eat. Cut out all fatty food and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables. 2. A: I really need to _a way to
15、exercise more. I could use a fitness app, but my phones full. B:So delete a few files.Im sure the app doesnt take up much space.Task 9Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.be in control of begin with ;be in control of ;make a choice;decide on ;make up ones mindd
16、ecide on 3. A: Before exercising, always do a few warm-ups to_. B: I know. But then l always feel too tired to continue!4 A: Should I go for the pizza or the fried chicken? I hate _ like these. You know what -Im going to eat both! B: Wow! Dont eat too much junk food-youl get fat. Ive actually _to go
17、 on a diet, so Ill just stick to the fruit salad.Task 9Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.begin with ;be in control of ;make a choice;decide on ;make up ones mindbegin with make choices make up my mindRead Part Reading and Thinking again , find other sentence
18、s with infinitives and analyse their functions.1.We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. 2.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. 3.To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles
19、and then try to adapt them. 4.For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but . Task 10(充当定语：Attribute)(充当宾语：Object)(充当状语：Adverbial)( 充当宾语：Object)(充当表语：Predicative)Discover useful structuresTask 11不定式的句法功能作宾语作主语作表语作定语作状语作补语V+ to do sth.V+疑问词+ to do sth.Its+adj+
20、of/for sb. to do sth.be+to do sth.被修饰词（名词或代词）+to do sth.不定式作定语作状语时，注意不定式与修饰词之间的关系，是逻辑上的主谓关系还是动宾关系，是动宾关系时，不定式如果为不及物动词时，其后应有介词。原因状语目的状语结果状语to/only to/in order to /so as to /such as totoo.to 结构表否定adj. enough to do sth.结构表肯定v+宾语+to do sth.Task 12 Compare the following sentences and draw conclusions.1.Sw
21、imming is fun in summer. To swim in this river is a great pleasure.动名词作主语：表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词;夏天游泳是有趣的事。不定式作主语：表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。在这条河里游泳是件非常快乐的事。Task 12 Compare the following sentences and draw conclusions.2.To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and collecting
22、 coins also gives him great pleasure.眼见为实。动名词和不定式在平行结构中要用前后一致的形式。钓鱼是他的爱好，收集硬币也给他带来极大的乐趣。动名词和不定式做主语和表语要用同一种形式;Task 12 Compare the following sentences and draw conclusions.3.根据汉语意思完成句子 Its no good/use _. 找他谈是没有用的。 Its useless _. 讨论此事无益。 There is no _. 无法阻止他。 _! 禁止停车！以上句式中通常要用动名词形式。talking to him discu
23、ssing the matter stopping him No parking Its no good/use doing sth.Its useless doing sth.There is no doing sth.Task 12 Compare the following sentences and draw conclusions.4.根据汉语意思完成句子 It took us two hours _. 去那里我们花了两个小时。 It is necessary for us _. 我们有必要学好英语。动名词和不定式在平行结构中要用前后一致的形式。to get there to lea
24、rn English wellIt took sb. sometime to do sth. .It is +adj.+for sb.+ to do sth. .Task 12 Compare the following sentences and draw conclusions.5.Its nice having friends to chat to. Its nice to be talking with you here. 有朋友聊聊天是很惬意的。动名词作主语并不是表示某动作正在进行，而是表示经常性或习惯性的行为；不定式的进行时作主语才表示具体的某一动作正在进行。在这里跟你交谈是非常愉
25、快的。经常性、一般性或习惯性的行为一次具体的正在进行的行为ExercisesFill in the correct forms of the verbs.1.It took years of work _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.2._ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.3.To do this _ (be) to cut the feet to fit the shoes.4._ is difficult for
26、him to admit his mistakes.5.It was selfish _ him not to share his dictionary with others.to reduce WalkingisItofComplete the sentences according to Chinese meaning.1It takes us hours _ every day.我们每天要花上数小时做家庭作业。2_ will take a long time.要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。3_ in one day is impossible.在一天内完成这项工作是不可能的。4_ a
27、 foreign language well.要把一门外语学好不容易。5Its very interesting _.踢足球很有趣。6Father criticized me and told me its wrong _.父亲批评了我并且告诉我捉弄别人是错误的。to do our homeworkTo finish the taskto play football to play tricks on other people ExercisesTo finish this jobIts not easy to learn语法填空 Lucy is a pretty English girl w
28、ith a_(promise) future. Its her dream _ (become) a Chinese professor in the university. She knows its necessary but a little difficult _ her to master Chinese, at the same time what she should do is_(improve) her communicating ability so she is active_ (take) part in school activities and Chinese sp
29、eaking contests. promising to become Exercisesforimproveto take 语法填空 It takes her three months _(practise). She is excellent at _ (speak) Chinese and can communicate well. It is unbelievable for her _ (make) such a rapid progress in such a short time. The teacher praises her and gives her a chance_
30、(perform) a play in Chinese on the stage. _ is a pleasure for her to get the chance. It seems her dream will come true.to practiseto perform Exercisesspeaking to make ItLanguage points1. shave 考查热度【热点品味】shave vi. ，vt. & n. 剃(须发)；刮脸【教材原句】To join the Peoples Liberation Army,it is required for men to s
31、have off their beards. 要加入人民解放军，男性必须剃掉胡须。【实例品读】I lathered my face and started to shave.我往脸上涂了皂沫，然后开始刮胡子。Father shaved his beard.父亲剃了胡须。【热点归纳】(1)shave off 剃掉；刮去(2)shave up 剃光(3)shaver n. 理发师；电动剃刀Language points【考点精练】完成句子Do you _ every day?你每天都刮脸吗？The barber _ and a haircut.理发师给他修面理发。gave him a shaves
32、have your faceLanguage points2.disturb 考查热度【热点品味】disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼【教材原句】 It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night. 昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。【实例品读】They took the phone off the hook so no calls would disturb them.他们摘下电话听筒，以免电话打扰他们。It disturbs me profoundly that you so misu
33、se your talents.你如此滥用自己的才能，使我深感不安。【热点归纳】 disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的 disturbed adj. 心神不安的；担心的 disturbance n. 打扰；扰乱；骚动Language points【考点精练】用disturb的适当形式填空Dont _ the sleeping child.The _ news has made everyone present upset.The drunken man caused a _ in the street.disturbingdisturbdisturbance3. consul
34、tant 考查热度 【热点品味】consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师【教材原句】 It is useful to turn to a fitness consultant for advice. 向健身顾问寻求建议是有用的。【实例品读】 He is a consultant on labor affairs to the mayor. 他是市长的一个劳工顾问。Therere many consultants in hospital.医院里有很多会诊医生。Language points【热点归纳】consultant service 咨询服务consult v. 查阅；商量；向请教co
35、nsult the dictionary 查字典consult about 就请教consult sb. on sth. 请教某人某事consult with 与商量consult with sb. about a problem与某人就一个问题进行磋商Language pointsLanguage points【考点精练】语法填空Have you consulted a doctor _ your fever?Before we accept the managements offer we must consult _ the workers again.He was appointed
36、as a _ (consult) to a software firm.完成句子_, only Mr. Wang gave us some proposals in point.所有的顾问当中，只有王先生提了一些中肯的建议。 I need to _ on the proposals.我需要和我的同事商讨这些建议。about consult with my colleagueswith consultant Of all the consultantsLanguage points4.cut out 考查热度【热点品味】 cut out 切去；省略；停止(做某事)【教材原句】 Cut out a
37、ll fatty food and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables. 戒掉所有高脂肪食物和含糖饮料，多吃水果和蔬菜。【实例品读】 Youd better not cut out the important details. 你最好不要把重要细节删掉。 The doctor advised me to cut out smoking and drinking. 医生建议我戒烟戒酒。【热点归纳】 cut off 中断；切掉；使与外界隔绝 cut in (马达或发动机)发动；插话；超车抢道 cut down(on sth. )削减，缩
38、小(尺寸、数量或数目) cut up 切碎；使悲伤 cut through 开辟(出路或通道)Language points【考点精练】单句语法填空The tailor carefully examined the cloth before starting to cut _ the garment.When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut _ from the world.Tony, why are your eyes red?I have been cutting _ chilies fo
39、r the last five minutes.outupoffLanguage points5.take up 考查热度【热点品味】take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间，地方)【教材原句】 Im sure the app doesnt take up much space. 戒掉所有高脂肪食物和含糖饮料，多吃水果和蔬菜。【实例品读】 She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。 He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.
40、 他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。【热点归纳】 take down取下；记下take on雇用；呈现 take back收回；使回想起 take off脱下；起飞；开始成功 take in包括；欺骗；吞入(体内) take as 把理解为/当作 take over接管；接任 take out带出去 take apart拆开Language points【考点精练】单句语法填空Their flight has been delayed due to the bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take _.I am s
41、orry to have taken _ so much of your time.Some insects take _ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.The more fat you take _ before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.offonupin1_ n. 外科医生 _ n. 外科手术；外科学2_ n. 解放；摆脱 _ vt. 解放；放出；释放3_ vi. vt. & n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 _ n. 理发
42、师；电动剃刀4_ n. 胡须；络腮胡子5_ vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 _ adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的6_ n. 香烟；卷烟 Practice surgeondisturbsurgeryliberate cigarette.英汉互译beardshavershaveliberationdisturbing7_ n. 专科医生；专家 _ v. 专门从事；详细说明；特化 _ adj. 特别的8_ n. 顾问；高级顾问医师 _ v. 查阅；商量；向请教9_ n. 毒品；药物10_ vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 v i . 蹦 蹦 跳 跳 地 走 ； 跳 绳 n . 蹦 跳 Practice drug specializespecialist.英汉互译specialconsultconsultantskipPractice1shave _ 剃掉；刮去2be _ control of控制3lose _减肥4cut _切去；省略；停止(做某事)5take _拿起；开始从事；占据(时间，地方)6go _ a diet节食，减肥7stick _坚持 weightin offtoup.词组填空 outonHomework Do Exercises on P69 of Workbook .
