1、2017下半年山东教师资格高中英语学科知识与教学能力真题及答案一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分)1. The sound of th in thin is_.A. voiceless, dental, and fricativeB. voiced, dental, and fricativeC. voiceless, dental, and affricativeD. voiced, dental, and affricative参考答案：A。参考解析：考查辅音的发音。本题属于语音知识，也属于语言学中语音学的知识。th字母组合在单词thin中发音，发此音时，声带是不振动的
2、，即不带声的(voiceless)；另外，发音时舌头要顶住牙齿，所以叫齿音(dental)；按照发音方式，它是空气通过与牙齿摩擦发出的声音，属于摩擦音(fricative)。故选A。2. Of all the following pairs of words, _ is a minimal pair.A. boot and bought B. deep and dogC. either and neitherD. ghost and best参考答案：A。参考解析：考查音系学中的最小对立体。最小对立体(minimalpair)指除了出现在同一位置上的一个音之外其余都相同的两个语音组合。在音位分
3、析中，只涉及一个音素差别的对立体叫做最小对立体。如penpen和benben。几个选项中只有A项中两个单词的元音发音不同前后两个音都是爆破音b和t。故选A。3. _ can fly very high in _ sky.A. The birds . theB. The birds . /C. Birds . theD. Birds . /参考答案：C。参考解析：考查冠词。句意为“鸟可以在天空中飞得很高”。“不定冠词+单数名词”或单个复数名词可表示一类，这里birds指的是鸟类，表示泛指，不加定冠词；sky是世界上独一无二事物，前面用定冠词the修饰。故选C。4. In my opinion s
4、he is kind and polite, so I put her rudeness today down as _.A. ordinal B. untimelyC. progressiveD. accidental参考答案：D。参考解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为“在我看来她是善良和有礼貌的，因此我认为她今天的粗鲁是偶然的”。0rdinary“普通的”，untimely“过早的，不适时的”，progressive“进步的；进行的”，accidental“意外的，偶然的”。故选D。5. With spring approaching, the pink of the apple-blossom
5、 is beginning to _.A. show B. growC. rise D. ascend参考答案：A。参考解析：考查动词辨析。句意为“随着春天的到来，粉红的苹果花开始出现在枝头”。show“露出，出现，显现”，grow“生长”，rise“上升”，ascend“攀登，上升”。此处春天到来，粉红的苹果花应该是显露出来，故选A。6. Mr. Woods, I am here just in case anything out of the ordinary _.A. happensB. happenC. would happen D. will happen参考答案：A。参考解析：考查
6、状语从句及其时态。句意为“伍兹先生，我在这里只是以防不寻常的事情发生”。提及将来可能出现的情况成为某人现在做某事的理由时可以用in case或just in case。在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。另外anything是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词通常用单数。故选A。7. I look back on this pleasant holiday in Beijing with _ pleasure.A. anything butB. all butC. everything but D. nothing but参考答案：D。参考解析：考查短语辨析。句意为“我回忆起在北京的这个只有乐趣的
7、快乐的假期”。any thing but“根本不，绝不”，all but“除外全都”，every thing but“除了都”，not hing but“仅仅，只”。故选D。8. Tom, take this baggage and put it _ you can find enough space.A. whichB. in whichC. wherever D. whereas参考答案：C。参考解析：考查状语从句。句意为“汤姆，拿走这个行李，把它放在你能找到有足够空间放它的地方”。分析句子成分可知put后面缺少状语，where和inwhich都可以在定语从句里做地点状语，但该句是由and
8、连接的并列复合句，and后面的句子中缺少先行词，所以它不是定语从句，而是状语从句，用wherever引导地点状语从句表示“在的任何(所有)地方”。故选C。9. What is the main rhetoric device used in The Pentagon was divided on the air strike. ?A. Synecdoche.B. Metonymy.C. Metaphor.D. Oxymoron.参考答案：B。参考解析：考查修辞学。题干意思是：“The Pentagon was divided on the air strike”这句话主要用了什么修辞手法?上面
9、句子的字面意思是“五角大楼就空袭事件产生分歧”，显然不合理，实际应该是五角大楼里的人对空袭事件意见不。这里的“五角大楼”一词是美国国防部的代名词，指代在这座建筑里工作的人。英语中将借代通称为metonymy(换喻、转喻)，指用一个事物来取代另一个相关事物。这种修辞手法可以使语言更丰富、更生动，也可以避免重复。在新闻写作中，这个修辞手法会经常被用来帮助创造多样性。故选B。synecdoche(提喻)通常指用事物本身的一部分来代替其整体。比如以hands代persons，以wheels代car。metaphor(隐喻暗喻)是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。oxymoro
10、n(矛盾修饰法)是把两个意思相反、互相矛盾或互不协调的词用在一起，以产生警句式的修辞效果。10. Which inference in the brackets of the following sentences is a presupposition?A. Ede caught a trout. (Ede caught a fish.)B. Don t sit on Carol s bed. (Carol has a bed.)C. This blimp is over the house. (The house is under the blimp.)D. Coffee would ke
11、ep me awake all night. (I don t want coffee.)11. Which of the following instructions is helpful in developing students ability to makeinferences?A. Listen to a story and write a summary.B. Listen to a story and work out the writer s intention.C. Listen to the story of a boy and then draw a picture o
12、f him.D. Listen to a story and note down the specific date of an event.参考答案：B。参考解析：考查听力技能教学。题干意思是：以下哪项指令有助于培养学生的推断能力?A项“听故事，写摘要”，B项“听故事，确定作者的意图”，C项“听一个男孩的故事，然后画一幅他的画”，D项“听故事，记下事件的具体日期”。在听力技能教学中，让学生通过听材料来分析和判断作者意图即根据听力材料中的已有信息推断出未知信息这可以训练学生的推断能力。故选B。12. The most suitable question type to check studen
13、ts comprehension and develop theircritical thinking is _.A. rhetorical questions B. referential questionsC. close questionsD. display questions参考答案：B。参考解析：考查课堂提问的类型。题干意思是：哪一种类型的问题最适合用于检测学生的理解以及培养他们的批判性思维?rhetorical questions“反问句”，句子表面是疑问形式，但说话者的态度和意见很明确并不需要听话者的回答；referential questions“参考性问题”此类问题一般没有
14、现成的答案教师也没有明确的答案，提问的目的在于力求学生发散思维、寻求信息，一般包括推理、评价性的问题和批判、创造性的问题：close questions“封闭性问题”，有固定答案且答案是唯一的，学生回答时借助再认或再现，通常用于强化巩固课堂：display questions“展示性问题”，这种问题的答案通常是唯一的，教师预先知道问题的答案提问只是为了考查学生对语言知识的掌握情况，学生作答时只需凭借表层理解、短时记忆，或是快速查找课文便能找到答案一般包括对是非、对错的选择性问题和事实，回忆性问题。故选B。13. Diagnostic test is often used for the pur
15、pose of_.A. finding out what students know and don t knowB. measuring students general language proficiencyC. knowing whether students have the right language aptitudeD. checking whether students have achieved the teaching objectives参考答案：A。参考解析：考查语言测试类型。题干意思是：诊断性测试的主要目的是什么?诊断性测试是语言测试的一种类型，它主要用来探测和发现
16、学生的理解和表达障碍以便教师及时改进教学手段从而积极地干预学习过程。诊断性测试常常基于教师的教学经验和学生对某些语言点尚未完全掌握所表现出的种种迹象来命题。其成绩一般不用来衡量和评估学生的语言水平。因此只有A项“发现学生知道什么和不知道什么”符合题意。B项属于水平测试(proficiency test)，C项属于能力测试(aptitude test)，D项属于学业成绩测试(achievement test)。故选A。14. Which of the following activities is often used to develop students speaking accuracy?
17、A. Identifying and correcting oral mistakes.B. Acting out the dialogue in the text.C. Having discussions in groups.D. Describing people in pair.参考答案：A。参考解析：考查口语教学活动。题于意思是：以下哪项活动通常用于培养学生的口语准确性?A项“识别并纠正口语错误”B项“表演文中的对话”C项“分组讨论”D项“两人一组描述人物”。 口语纠错可保证语言的正确输出，为精确表达奠定基础，是关注准确性的口语活动一角色扮演、课堂分组讨论、小组活动都是关注流利性的口
18、语活动。故选A。15. If a teacher asks students to make their own learning plan, he/she is trying to developtheir_.A. cognitive strategy B. affective strategyC. communicative strategy D. metacognitive strategy参考答案：D。参考解析：考查学习策略。题干意思是：如果教师让学生制定他们的学习计划他她是在培养他们的什么策略?不同的研究者对学习策略有不同的分类，但各种分类法中基本都涉及四种策略，即认知策略、元认知策
19、略、情感策略和交际策略。其中元认知策略(metacognitive strategy)指学生对自己的认知过程及结果的有效监视及控制的策略，包括计划策略、监控策略和调节策略。计划策略指的是对学习等活动的事前规划。如制定学习计划等。故选D。16. When a teacher tells the students that the word dog may imply loyalty, he/she isteaching the _of the word.A. denotative meaning B. collocative meaningC. conceptual meaning D. con
20、notative meaning参考答案：D。参考解析：考查词汇教学内容。题于意思是：当教师告诉学生dog这词也暗含“忠诚”的意思时。教师是在教单词的什么意义?词的意义一般分为词汇意义和语法意义两个方面前者指词所表达的意思通常分为外延意义(denotative meaning)和内涵意义(connotativemeaning)；后者指词与词之间的相互关系，包括搭配、近义词、反义词和下义词。外延意义也叫概念意义(conceptual meaning)或所指意义(referential meaning)是词汇的最基本意义，是语言符号所代表的事物的最基本特征的抽象概括，常视作是词语在词典中的定义或释
21、义；内涵意义指词的隐含意义或象征意义。如d09一词，原本意思是“狗”，一种动物，也就是我们所说的外延意义，而狗象征着忠诚因此“忠诚”是它的一个内涵意义。故选D。17. Which of the following is the last step in the process of writing essays?A. Editing the writings.B. Writing topic sentences for paragraphs.C. Gathering information and ideas relevant to the topic.D. Organizing the in
22、formation and ideas into a logical sequence.参考答案：A。参考解析：考查写作教学过程。题干意思是：下列哪项是写作过程的最后一步?A项“校改作文”，B项“写出每段的中心句”，C项“收集与话题相关的信息”D项“按逻辑顺序组织信息”。写作一般包括写前准备、写初稿、写后编辑和校改等几个步骤。准备阶段主要是寻找话题明确主题根据写作目的收集与主题相关的信息，组织素材和规划文章结构，列出提纲：初稿阶段包括起草文章，添加内容；修改阶段包括检查所写内容加工润色同伴互改和小组评议等。故选A。18. The main purpose of asking questions
23、 about the topic before listening is to _.A. meet students expectationB. increase students confidenceC. activate students schemataD. provide feedback on tasks参考答案：C。参考解析：考查听力教学活动。题干意思是：在听前提出与话题相关的问题，其主要目的是什么?A项“满足学生的期望”，B项“增强学生自信”，C项“激活学生的图式”，D项“提供任务反馈”。在听前阶段，教师提出与话题相关的问题可以激活学生头脑中已有的关于听力材料的图式知识激活有关听
24、力话题的背景信息。故选C。19. If a teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with that, which or whom,he/she is least likely focusing on grammar at _.A. lexical levelB. syntactic levelC. discourse level D. morphological level参考答案：D。参考解析：考查语法教学内容。题于意思是：如果教师让学生用thatwhichwhom进行填空，那么他她最不可能关注语法的哪个层面?le
25、xical level“词汇层面”，syntactic level“句法层面”，discourse level“语篇层面”morphological level“形态学层面”。语法教学的内容不仅包括语言形式结构，还包括语意和语用。语言形式结构包括词法、句法等；语意包括语法形式与结构的意义；语用指语言在一定的语境、语篇中的表意功能。该教师让学生选择关系代词填空目的是让学生掌握定语从句这项语法的形式、意义和运用。形态学是研究词的内部结构和构词规则的科学。故选D。20. If a teacher asks students to talk about their hobbies in groups,
26、 he/she is trying toencourage _.A. peer correction B. peer feedbackC. peer interactionD. peer assessment参考答案：C。参考解析：考查小组活动。题干意思是：如果教师让学生分组谈论他们的爱好，那么他她是在鼓励什么?peer correction“同伴纠错”，peer feedback“同伴反馈”，peer interaction“同伴交往”，peer assessment“同伴评价”。教师让学生分组谈论他们的爱好可以促进同学之间的交流和互动。故选C。请阅读Passage 1，完成第2125小题。
27、Passage 1With her magical first novel, Garcia joins a growing chorus of talented Latino writers whosevoices are suddenly reaching a far wider, more diverse audience. Unlike Latin American writerssuch as Colombias Gabriel Garcia Marquee of Perus Mario Vargas Llosa-whose translatedworks became popular
28、 here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing theirthemes from two cultures. Their stories, from Dreaming in Cuban to Julia Alvarezs How theGarcia Girls Lost Their Accent and Victor Villasenors Rain of Gold, offer insight into themixture of economic opportunity and discriminati
29、on that Latinos encounter in the United States.Garcia Girls for example, is the story of four sisters weathering their transition from wealthyDominicans to ragtag immigrants, We didn t feel we had the beat the United States had to offer,one of the girls says, We had only second-hand stuff, rental ho
30、uses in one redneck Catholicneighborhood after another, clothes at Round Robin, a black and white TV afflicted with wavylines. Alvarez, a Middlebury College professor Who emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was10, says being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point: We travel on that bor
31、derbetween two worlds and we can see both points of view.With few exceptions, such as Chicano writer Rudolfo Anaya, many Hispanic-Americans havebeen writing in virtual obscurity for years, nurtured only by small presses like Houstons ArtePublico or the Bilingual Press in Tempe, Ariz. Only with the r
32、ecent success of Sandra CisnerossWoman Hollering Creek and Oscar Hijueloss prize-winning novel, The Mambo Kings PlaySongs of Love, have mainstream publishers begun opening door to other Latinos. Julie Grau,Cisneross editor at Turtle Bay, says, Editors may now be looking more carefully at a book that
33、before they would have deemed too exotic for the general readership.But if Villasenors experience is any indication, some editors are still wary. In 1989, Putnamgave Villasenor a $75,000 advance for the hardcover rights to Rain of Gold, the compelling sagaof his familys migration from Mexico to Cali
34、fornia. But the editors, says Villasenor, wanted majorchanges: They were going to destroy the book. It s nonfiction; they wanted to publish it as a novel.And they wanted to change the title to Rio Grande, which sounded like some old John Waynemovie. After a year of strained relations, he mortgaged h
35、is house, borrowed his mothers lifesavings and bought back the rights to the book that had taken 10 years to write.In frustration, Villasenor turned to Arte Publico. In the eight months since its release, Rain ofGold has done extremely well, considering its limited distribution; 20,000 copies have b
36、een sold.If we were a mainstream publisher, this book would have been on The New York Times best-sellerlist for weeks, says Arte Pulico s Nicolas Kanelos. The author may still have a shot: he has sold thepaperback rights to Dell. And he was just named a keynote speaker (with Molly Ivins and NormanSc
37、hwarzkop0 for the American Booksellers Association convention in May. Long before theygained this sort of attention, however, Villasenor, Cisneros and other Latino writers were quietlybuilding devoted followings. Crossing the country, they read in local bookstores, libraries andschools. Their storie
38、s, they found, appeal not only to Latinos-who identify with them, but to asurprising number of Anglos, who find in them a refreshingly different perspective on American life.Still, there are unusual pressures on these writers. Cisneros vividly recalls the angst she went throughin writing the final s
39、hort stories for Woman Hollering: I was traumatized that it was going to beone of the first Chicano books out there. I felt I had this responsibility to my community torepresent us in all our diversity.21. Which of the following is true of Garcia as a Latino writer according to the passage?A. She of
40、fered insight into the confrontations between two cultures.B. She emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10 years old.C. She became popular for her translated works in America in the 1970s.D. She described her transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants.参考答案：A。参考解析：细节题。定位到第一段。根据第二句“Un
41、like Latin American writers such aswhose translated works became popular here in the 1970s-these authors are writing in English and drawing their themes from two cultures”可知A项正确，C项不正确。根据最后一句“Alvarez,a Middlebury College professor who emigrated from Santo Domingo when she was 10”可知B项不正确。根据“Garcia Gir
42、lsfor exampleis the story offour sisters weathering their transition from wealthy Dominicans to ragtag immigrants”可知D项不正确。22. What advantage do the new generation Latino writers have over Latin American writersaccording to the passage?A. The former are able to write in two different languages.B. The
43、 former can translate their works into different languages.C. The former are able to express ideas from a bi-cultural perspective.D. The former can travel freely across the border between two countries.参考答案：C。参考解析：细节题。根据第一段第二句“Unlike Latin American writersthese authors arewritingin English and drawi
44、ng their themes from two cultures”及最后一句“being an immigrant has given her a special vantage point：Wetravel on that borde rbetween two worlds and we can see bothpoints of view”可知C项正确。23. Which of the following is true of the Latino writers according to Paragraph 2?A. Their works are full of obscuritie
45、s.B. None of their works won an overnight success.C. Most of them remained unknown to the public for years.D. They have great difficulty getting their works published.参考答案：C。参考解析：细节题。定位到第二段。第一句提到“With few exceptions，such as Chicano writer Rudol fo Anaya，many HispanicAmericans have been writing in vi
46、rtual obscurity for years”，virtual obscurity是默默无闻、不出名的意思与C项中的unknown意思相近，所以C项正确。A项是对obscurity的错误理解；B项错误，第二句提到“Only with the recent success of”：D项文章没有提到。24. What can be drawn from Villasenor s experience?A. Some editors of mainstream publishers are critical.B. Many Latino writers were mostly favored
47、by small presses.C. Rain of Gold was going to be one of the first Chicano books.D. Rain of Gold was intended to be published as a novel by the author.参考答案：A。参考解析：推断题。定位到第三段。第一句提到“But if Villasenors experienceisanyindication，some editors are still wary”wary的意思是“机警的谨慎的”，与A项中critical的意思是对应的。接下来是具体说明”Byt tge edutirs wanted major changes:Theywere going to destroy the bookIts nonfi
