1、2015年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各研究方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试 考试科目代码：808考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 I. Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguisti
2、cs candidates must do this part. (20%) 1. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched first invasion on Britain in _.A. 200 B.C. B. 55 A.D. C. 55 B.C D. 200 A.D. 2. Between 1337 and 1453 the _ took place in Britain. A. Black Death B. Hundred Years War C. Wars of Roses D. Peasants Uprising 3. In the Uni
3、ted Kingdom, the party which wins the _ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition. A. largest B. second largest C. third largest D. fourth largest 4. The river Thames is in _.A. Wales B. Scotland C. England D. Northern Ireland5. London is divided into the city of London
4、 and _.A. the east end B. the west end C. Scotland yard D. the country of greater London 6. President Franklin Roosevelt proposed a well-known policy called _ to save the economic situation. A. the Big Stick B. Good Neighbor Policy C. The New Deal D. the Open Door Policy 7. The House of Representati
5、ves in the United States of America has _ seats. A. 120 B. 351 C. 435 D. 635 8. The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is _.A. the Appalachians B. the Mississippi river C. the Hudson river D. the Rocky Mountains 9. All states of America are governed by the common law EXCE
6、PT _.A. Louisiana B. Washington C. California D. New York 10. The name “Canada” is derived from kanata, an Indian word meaning _. A. a guitar B. a meeting place C. a piece of land D. a settlement 11. Canada has become the worlds _ exporter of fish.A. largest B. second C. forth D. fifth 12. Nearly _
7、of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. 68% B. 79% C. 89% D. 98% 13. The largest city in Canada is _.A. Vancouver B. Ottawa C. Toronto D. Montreal 14. Kangaroos can be only found in _. A. Australia B. America C. England D. Canada15. The largest state in terms of area in Australia is _.
8、A. Queensland B. New South Wales C. Victoria D. Western Australia 16. The third wave of migration began in Australia _. A. after the First World War B. after the Second World War C. during the Second World War D. after the Vietnam War 17. Australia is the worlds largest exporter of _. A. wheat B. me
9、at C. butter D. wool 18. General election in New Zealand has been held _ since 1879.A. every 2 years B. every 3 years C. every 4 years D. every 5 years 19. The head of State of New Zealand is _.A. the Prime Minister B. the British monarchC. the Governor-General D. the President 20. The official lang
10、uage in New Zealand is _ besides English. A. French B. German C. Maori D. Spanish II. Fill in the blanks with proper answers. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part. (20%)1. Modern linguistics is _ in the sense that the linguis
11、t tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some rules for people to observe. 2. Linguists have to observe and collect linguistic _ before they can do anything else. 3. Consonant sounds can be made when two organs of speech in the mouth are brought close together so that the air is pus
12、hed out between them, causing _.4. Language is symbolic, so each word serves as a _ in relation to a specific meaning. 5. Lexicon, in most cases, is synonymous with _. 6. Words are divided into simple, compound and derived words on the _ level.7. A _ contains two clauses joined by a linking word, su
13、ch as and, but, or. 8. The part of a sentence which comprises a finite verb or a verb phrase and which says something about the subject is grammatically called _.9. _ is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between form and reality. 10. The conceptua
14、list view holds that there is no _ link between a linguistic form and what it refers to.11. “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” is quoted from _.12. John Donnes famous analogy of parting lovers to a drawing compass provides a prime example of _. 13. Among the works by John Milton, _ is inde
15、ed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.14. According to Francis Bacon, “Crafty men contempt studies, simple men admire them, and wise men _ them.”15. _ is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.16. In h
16、is essays, _ put forward his philosophy of over-soul, the importance of the Individual and Nature. 17. In Robert Frosts _, the speaker tells us how the course of his life was determined when he came upon two roads that diverted in a wood.18. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a w
17、et black bough” was written by _.19. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _ in the literary history of the United States.20. Led by Hawthorne, Emerson and _, there arose a kind of teachings of transcendentalism in the early nineteenth century.III. Write your answers on the AN
18、SWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part. (10%)Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, Write F on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. In the history
19、of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form. 2. In English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a long vowel such as /i:/, the larynx is in a state of tension. 3. Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds. 4.
20、 The relationship between the embedded clause and its matrix clause is one of a part to the whole. 5. Searls classification of illocutionary acts is based on the classification of performative verbs. Section B: Identify the author and indicate the genre of each of the following works.6. The Tempest7
21、. Vanity Fair8. “My Last Duchess”9. A Modest Proposal10. Adam BedeIV. Choose SIX terms from the followings and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. design feature 2. competence 3. acronym 4. constituent 5. denotation 6. conversational implicature 7. Shakespeare8. Go
22、thic Novel9. Stream of Consciousness10. American Naturalism11. The Beat Generation12. Anti-heroV. Answer the following questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A (for linguistics candidates only)：1. What are the types
23、 of antonymy? Illustrate them by giving examples.2. Under what conditions do people violate the Maxims of the Cooperative Principle?3. What is the relationship between phoneme and morpheme? 4. Provide a tree diagram for each sentence and show the difference in the relationship between Harry and the
24、verb see in 1) and 2). 1) Josh advised Harry to see the doctor.2) Josh promised Harry to see the doctor. Section B (for literature candidates only )：1. How do you understand the sentence “They perfect nature and are perfected by experience?” in Francis Bacons essay “Of studies”?2. What do you think
25、of the love between Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights?3. Please evaluate Mark Twains contribution to American Literature. 4. What are the common subjects of Emily Dickinsons poems?VI. Choose ONE of the followings and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Chinese learners of Engl
26、ish may experience some typical phonetic and phonological difficulties in learning English. Use your linguistic knowledge to demonstrate the difficulties you encounter and provide examples when necessary (for linguistics candidates only). 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, a
27、nd rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words (for literature candidates only). The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power,And all that beauty, all that wealth eer gave,Awaits alike the inevitable hour.The paths of glory lead but to the grave.Nor you, ye Proud, impute to these the f
28、ault,If Memory oer their tomb no trophies raise,Where through the long-drawn aisle and fretted vaultThe pealing anthem swells the note of praise.Can storied urn or animated bustBack to its mansion call the fleeting breath?Can Honors voice provoke the silent dust,Or Flattery soothe the dull cold ear
29、of Death?Perhaps in this neglected spot is laidSome heart once pregnant with celestial fire;Hands, that the rod of empire might have swayed,Or waked to ecstasy the living lyre:But Knowledge to their eyes her ample page,Rich with the spoils of time, did neer unroll;Chill Penury repressed their noble rage,And froze the genial current of the soul.Full many a gem of purest ray serene,The dark unfathomd caves of ocean bear:Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,And waste its sweetness on the desert air. 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 7 页 第7 页
