1、Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语1leading adj. 最重要的;最成功的最重要的;最成功的She was offered the leading role in the new TV series.她应邀在那部新的电视连续剧中担任主角。她应邀在那部新的电视连续剧中担任主角。知识拓展知识拓展1)同义词:同义词:chief; prime2)lead to 导致;通向导致;通向All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。条条大路通
2、罗马。He passed Tom and took the lead.他超过了汤姆取得了领先地位。他超过了汤姆取得了领先地位。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语高考直击高考直击(2007浙江浙江)We finally believe that war never settles anything. It only_viloence.Aruns into Bcomes fromCleads to Dbegins with解析:解析:短语辨析。短语辨析。lead to “导致导致”;run into “突突然然”;come from “来自来自”;begin with “
3、以以开始开始”。答案:答案:CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用(2009大连模拟大连模拟)They found the place with the boy_the way.Alead Bled Cleading Dto lead答案:答案:CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语2figure n.1)人像;画像人像;画像The central figure in the painting is the artists daughter.画中间的那个人是画家的女儿。画中间的那个人是画家的女儿。2)外形;轮廓;隐约的人影外形;轮
4、廓;隐约的人影I could see a tall figure near the door.我可以看见门附近有一个高大的人影。我可以看见门附近有一个高大的人影。3)体态体态What a fine figure of a man!一个身材多好的男人!一个身材多好的男人!Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语4)名流;名人名流;名人He is a great figure in history.他是历史上的伟大人物。他是历史上的伟大人物。5)数字数字Write the number in words and in figures.用文字和阿拉伯数字写出这个数。用文字和阿拉伯
5、数字写出这个数。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语知识拓展知识拓展1)figure sth. in将某物包括在内;计算在内将某物包括在内;计算在内Have you figured in the cost of food for our holiday?你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗?你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗?2)figure sth./sb. out 理解某人理解某人/某事物;弄明白;演算某事物;弄明白;演算出;计算出出;计算出Ive never been able to figure him out.我一直不能理解他。我一直不能理解他。Module 4
6、 Great Scientists外研版英语高考直击高考直击(2008湖北湖北)The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to_its reality.Amake up Bfigure outClook through Dput off解析:解析:考查动词短语意义辨析。考查动词短语意义辨析。make up“编造;组编造;组成成”;figure out“弄明白;弄清楚弄明白;弄清楚”;look through“浏浏览览”;put off“推迟推迟”。根据句意。根据句意“当前形势非常复杂,
7、当前形势非常复杂,因此我认为要弄明白实际情况要花费一段时间。因此我认为要弄明白实际情况要花费一段时间。”可知可知figure out正确。正确。答案:答案:BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用The twins resemble very much in appearance. We couldnt_them out.Afigure BcarryCspot Dturn答案:答案:AModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语3species n(植物或动物的植物或动物的)种;种类或类型种;种类或类型There are more than
8、 250 species of shark.鲨鱼有鲨鱼有250多种。多种。No species of performing artist is as selfcritical as a dancer.所有艺术家的类型中,没有像舞蹈家那样严格地自我所有艺术家的类型中,没有像舞蹈家那样严格地自我要求了。要求了。注意:注意:species单复数同形。单复数同形。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用蛇有许多种:蛇有许多种:_。答案:答案:There are many species of snake(s)Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英
9、语4type n.1)类型;种类类型;种类It is the first car of its type to have this design feature.这是同类型汽车中首部具备这种设计特点的汽车。这是同类型汽车中首部具备这种设计特点的汽车。2)典型;具有某种特征的人典型;具有某种特征的人Hes not the type to be unfaithful.他不是背信弃义的人。他不是背信弃义的人。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语3)文字;字体;活字文字;字体;活字The type is too small for me to read.这种印刷文字太小,我看不
10、清。这种印刷文字太小,我看不清。v. 打字;打印打字;打印How fast can you type?你打字有多快?你打字有多快?Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语辨析:辨析:kind, sort与与type1)kind特指性质相同,且有极相似特征的东西,比较特指性质相同,且有极相似特征的东西,比较笼统、模糊;而笼统、模糊;而sort指大体相似的东西,它们常通用;指大体相似的东西,它们常通用;type指指“型;类型型;类型”等,比较具体和肯定。等,比较具体和肯定。What kind of tree is this?这是哪一种树?这是哪一种树?What sort of
11、book do you want?你想要本什么样的书?你想要本什么样的书?I saw a new type of car in front of his house.我在他的房前看见一辆新型的小汽车。我在他的房前看见一辆新型的小汽车。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语2)在非正式文体中,在非正式文体中,sort of和和kind of也可用于听起来也可用于听起来不那么肯定,较为模糊的词组和句子。可与名词、动词、不那么肯定,较为模糊的词组和句子。可与名词、动词、形容词连用。在美国英语中,更多使用形容词连用。在美国英语中,更多使用kind of。Module 4 Grea
12、t Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用The boss told his secretary that he had some papers_.Atyping Bto typeCto be typed Dtyped答案:答案:CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语5develop1)vt. & vi. 发展;发展;(使使)发育;发育;(使使)发达发达She believes that sports can develop mind and body.她相信运动有益于身心发展。她相信运动有益于身心发展。develop ones English speaking
13、 skills培养英语会话技巧培养英语会话技巧2)vt. 开发开发(土地,资源,新产品土地,资源,新产品)We need to develop solar energy even further.我们必须更进一步地开发太阳能。我们必须更进一步地开发太阳能。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语3)vt. 慢慢养成慢慢养成(习惯习惯);培养;培养(兴趣,嗜好等兴趣,嗜好等);患;患(病病)He developed an interest in music.他培养出了对音乐的兴趣。他培养出了对音乐的兴趣。4)vt. 冲洗冲洗(照片照片)Photographers return
14、 and the photos are quickly developed.摄影记者回来后,很快把照片冲洗好了。摄影记者回来后,很快把照片冲洗好了。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语知识拓展知识拓展development n. 发展发展develop into 发展成为发展成为a developing country 发展中国家发展中国家a developed country 发达国家发达国家Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语高考直击高考直击(2006湖北湖北)One of the best ways for people to keep f
15、it is to_healthy eating habits.Agrow BdevelopCincrease Draise解析:解析:grow“种植;生长种植;生长”;increase“增加增加”;raise“抬高;提升抬高;提升”;develop“形成;开发形成;开发”。句意为。句意为“人们保持健康的最好方式之一就是养成健康的饮食习人们保持健康的最好方式之一就是养成健康的饮食习惯惯”。答案:答案:BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用根据汉语提示完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子(1)Advanced computers_(被研制被研制)to improve
16、 the research work.(2)I_(养成养成)the habit of watching TV over lunch.(3)The city has_(发展成为发展成为)the center of tourism.(4)Now China is a_(发展中发展中)country, while Japan is a_(发达发达)country.(5)When can the photos_(冲洗出来冲洗出来)?Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语答案 :答案 : (1)were developed (2)developed(3)developed into
17、(4)developing, developed(5)be developedModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语6replace vt.1)放回原处放回原处Replace the magazines after reading.杂志阅览后请放杂志阅览后请放回原处。回原处。2)取代;代替取代;代替George replaced Edward as captain.乔治接任爱德华当队长。乔治接任爱德华当队长。3)(常与常与with, by连用连用)用用代替代替It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with
18、 snacks.不吃正餐,改吃点心,这不是什么好主意。不吃正餐,改吃点心,这不是什么好主意。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语知识拓展知识拓展1)replaceable adj. 可替换的;可代替的可替换的;可代替的replacement n. 替换;更换;替代品替换;更换;替代品2)in place of 替代替代take the place of 代替代替instead of 代替代替You can use milk in place of cream in the recipe.这道食谱可以用牛奶代替奶油。这道食谱可以用牛奶代替奶油。Computers have
19、 taken the place of typewriters in most offices.在大多数办公室中,电脑已经取代了打字机。在大多数办公室中,电脑已经取代了打字机。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用Owen was_by Beckham during the half time.Aremoved BreplacedCsupported Dreduced答案:答案:BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语7quantity n. 数量数量quality n. 质量;品质;特性质量;品质;特性The changes of
20、quantity cause the changes of quality.(Marx)量变引起质量变。量变引起质量变。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语高考直击高考直击(2005山东山东)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth_each year.Ais washing awayBis being washed awayCare washing awayDare being washed away解析:解析:句意为句意为“森林正在被毁,大量的好土地正在被森林正在被毁,大量的好土
21、地正在被冲走。冲走。”故应用故应用 现在进行时的被动结构。句子的主语是现在进行时的被动结构。句子的主语是“quantities of不可数名词不可数名词”时,谓语动词应用复数形式。时,谓语动词应用复数形式。答案:答案:DModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用汉译英汉译英(1)质量往往比数量更重要。质量往往比数量更重要。_(2)在德国世界杯期间,大量外国球迷涌进德国。在德国世界杯期间,大量外国球迷涌进德国。_答案:答案:(1)Quality often matters more than quantity.(2)When the World Cup was
22、being held in Germany, a large quantity of/large quantities of foreign football fans flooded this country.Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语8search1)n. 搜寻;常与搜寻;常与for搭配。搭配。The search for the missing men was given up.搜寻失踪者的行动已经放弃了。搜寻失踪者的行动已经放弃了。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语提示:提示:(1)如果如果search前有定冠词前有定冠词th
23、e或形容词性物主代词,则或形容词性物主代词,则名词名词search后的介词常用后的介词常用for,常用搭配为,常用搭配为in ones search for。(2)in search of为一固定词组,意为为一固定词组,意为“去找去找”。He went in search of a doctor for his sick wife.他去为他生病的妻子寻找一位医生。他去为他生病的妻子寻找一位医生。2)v. 搜查;在搜查;在中搜寻中搜寻search sb./sp. 搜查某人搜查某人(身体身体)/某地某地The police searched the thief but found no weapo
24、n on him.警察搜查小偷的身上,发现他并没有带武器。警察搜查小偷的身上,发现他并没有带武器。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用The Customs(海关人员海关人员)were_drugs when I came through the airport. They_everybodys luggage for them, and they_the man in front of me from head to foot.Asearching for; searched; searched forBsearching; searched; sear
25、chedCsearching for; searched; searchedDsearching; searched for; searched答案:答案:CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语bring up1)抚养;养育抚养;养育(raise);教养;教养They were brought up to respect the old.他们从小就被教导尊敬老人。他们从小就被教导尊敬老人。2)呕吐呕吐She caught a cold and felt very sick. After a while, she
26、 brought up her lunch.她感冒了,感觉特别难受,过了一会儿,她把午饭吐她感冒了,感觉特别难受,过了一会儿,她把午饭吐出来了。出来了。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语3)提出提出(话题等话题等)Bring up the suggestion at the meeting.请把此议案在会议上提出来。请把此议案在会议上提出来。4)调出;使显示在屏幕上调出;使显示在屏幕上Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu.单击鼠标右键,调出另一个新菜单。单击鼠标右键,调出另一个新菜单。Modu
27、le 4 Great Scientists外研版英语知识拓展知识拓展bring forth 生产;生生产;生(孩子孩子)bring forward 把把提前;提出提前;提出bring out 生产;制造;使显露生产;制造;使显露bring back 回忆;使返回;归还;带回来;恢复;还回忆;使返回;归还;带回来;恢复;还原原bring down 使倒下;减低;降低;使崩溃使倒下;减低;降低;使崩溃bring in 获利;赚;求援;介绍;引进;推广;吸收;获利;赚;求援;介绍;引进;推广;吸收;参加参加Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语注意:注意:grow up意为意为
28、“成长;长大成长;长大”;和主语是主谓;和主语是主谓关系,而关系,而bring up意为意为“抚养;养大抚养;养大”;与主语是动宾关;与主语是动宾关系。系。一言辨异一言辨异Tom grew_up on a small farm and was brought up by his uncle.汤姆在一家小农场长大,是由叔叔抚养大的。汤姆在一家小农场长大,是由叔叔抚养大的。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语高考直击高考直击(2007江苏江苏)Do you think that housing price will keep_in the years to come?Sor
29、ry, I have no idea.Alifting up Bgoing upCbringing up Dgrowing up解析:解析:A项项“举起举起”;B项项“上升;上涨上升;上涨”;C项项“抚抚养;呕吐养;呕吐”;D项项“成长成长”。由句意可知,此处表示。由句意可知,此处表示“价价格上升格上升”。答案:答案:BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用(2009福州模拟福州模拟)An excellent solution was_at the meeting held yesterday.Acome up Bbrought upCput up Dma
30、de up答案:答案:BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语1In the ricegrowing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.在水稻种植领域,中国的科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人在水稻种植领域,中国的科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。士。1)本句中本句中Yuan Longping作作the Chinese scientist的同位的同位语。同位语用来对名词语。同位语用来对名词(或代词或代词)作进一步解释。它可以是作进一步
31、解释。它可以是单词、短语或从句。单词、短语或从句。2)ricegrowing“种植水稻的种植水稻的”,“名词名词v.ing”构构成复合形容词,用作定语。成复合形容词,用作定语。The tiger is a meateating animal.老虎是肉食动物。老虎是肉食动物。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用单项选择单项选择Many students signed up for the_race in the sports meeting to be held next week.A800meterlong B800meterslongC800 mete
32、rs long D800 meters length答案:答案:AModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语2He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他认为解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的大米,他认为解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的大米,并且能更快地生产出来。并且能更快地生产出来。to have more rice and to produce it more quickly是不是不定式短语,在句中做表语。定式短语,在句
33、中做表语。My task is to take good care of you.我的任务就是照顾好你。我的任务就是照顾好你。His aim is to get the first place.他的目标是拿第一。他的目标是拿第一。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语注意:注意:在现代英语中,做表语的不定式符号在现代英语中,做表语的不定式符号to往往省往往省略,特别当句中含有略,特别当句中含有do的某种形式时。的某种形式时。The first thing for you to do is(to) clean it and peel it.你需要做的第一件事就是把它洗净,削
34、皮。你需要做的第一件事就是把它洗净,削皮。1)the key to. 的关键的关键其中其中to是介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动名词,类似是介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动名词,类似的用法还有:的用法还有:the answer to the question 问题的答案问题的答案the key to the door 门的钥匙门的钥匙notes to the text 课本注释课本注释an end to the meeting 会议的结束会议的结束the entrance to the building 大厦的入口大厦的入口Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语2)feed v.
35、 喂养;养活;饲养喂养;养活;饲养feed.on.“用用喂喂”;feed后接喂养对象,后接喂养对象,on后接食物。此时亦可用后接食物。此时亦可用feed.with.“把把喂给喂给”;feed.to.; feed后接喂的东西,后接喂的东西,to后接喂养对象。后接喂养对象。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用(1)How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?The key_the problem is to meet the demand_by the
36、 customers.Ato solving; making Bto solving; madeCto solve; making Dto solve; made(2)He_the dog_a big bone.Afeed; with Bfed; onCfeeded; with Dfed; to答案:答案:(1)B(2)BModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语3As a result of Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990s.由于袁隆平的发
37、现,中国的水稻产量在由于袁隆平的发现,中国的水稻产量在20世纪世纪90年代年代增长了增长了47.5%。1)as a result of是介词短语,其中的冠词是介词短语,其中的冠词a也可用也可用the,后接名词或动名词,表示后接名词或动名词,表示“由于由于的原因的原因”。类似短语还有类似短语还有because of, owing to, due to, on account of等。等。As a/the result of the war, hundreds of Iraq children lost their lives.由于战争的原因,许多伊拉克儿童失去了生命。由于战争的原因,许多伊拉克儿
38、童失去了生命。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语知识拓展知识拓展as a result“结果;因此结果;因此”;单独使用作连接性状语,;单独使用作连接性状语,起承上启下的作用。起承上启下的作用。I was caught in the rain last night. As a result, Ive had a bad cold.昨晚我让雨淋了,因此患了重感冒。昨晚我让雨淋了,因此患了重感冒。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语2)by(表程度表程度)相差相差In Britain, sales of cigarettes have been r
39、educed by 30% in the last ten years.在过去的十年里,英国的香烟销售量降低了在过去的十年里,英国的香烟销售量降低了30%。As a result of the dam, the river will rise by 30 metres.由于大坝的建造,河面将升高由于大坝的建造,河面将升高30米。米。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用(1)My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _he could neither eat nor sleep.Aas a r
40、esult Bafter allCany way Dotherwise(2)As a result of the use of the new technology, the production of this product_50 percent.Ahas risen to Bhas been raised toChas risen by Dhas been risen by答案:答案:(1)A(2)CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语4In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat a
41、nd will be grown in many parts of the country.在巴基斯坦,水稻是继小麦之后第二重要的作物,该在巴基斯坦,水稻是继小麦之后第二重要的作物,该国将许多地方种植国将许多地方种植(水稻水稻)。本句是一单句,主语是本句是一单句,主语是rice,后接两个谓语,即,后接两个谓语,即is和和will be grown,在前半部分中,使用了,在前半部分中,使用了the second most important crop,即,即“the序数词最高级名词序数词最高级名词”,表,表示示“第几第几”。有时候。有时候the可换成不定式冠词,表示可换成不定式冠词,表示“再,再,又又”。Module 4 Great Scientists外研版英语即学即用即学即用H a i n a n i s a v e r y l a r g e i s l a n d . I t s t h e second_island in China.AlargeBlargerClargest Dmost large答案:答案:CModule 4 Great Scientists外研版英语