1、Unit 1Science FictionUsing Language词汇积淀素养初探. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语1. Theres a rumour (谣言) going round that Sue and David are having an affair. 2. The satellite enables us to calculate (计算)their precise location anywhere in the world. 3. So far, 105 exhibitors from eight countries have been shown at th
2、e fairs offline exhibition venue(会场). 4. The second option is technically superior(占优势的) but it demands higher-performance equipment. 5. Children in poor communities are at much greater risk of child labour(劳动) and child marriage. 6. From animals we get such materials as wool, silk, leather(皮革) and
3、furs. 7. Instead of making progress, my work actually seems to be going backwards(向后). 8. The mountains and villages became a hazy(朦胧的) fairyland after rain hit this village in Zhangjiajie city. 9. There was no tap water, no electricity. We had to fetch(去取) water from more than a kilometer away. 10.
4、 Mother puts perfume on her handkerchief (手绢)to make it smell pleasant. 11. If the government continues to ignore the rising public complaints and social division(分隔) in the US, it will cause more damage to the country. 12. Regardless of how creative and skillful you are, we urge(敦促) you not to do t
5、his. 13. Its a great idea to take a bus or subway to some random(随机的) place, then just get out and walk around. 14. I need the maximum (最大量的)amount of information you can give me. 15. A tanker truck loaded with liquefied gas exploded(爆炸) on a highway in that province on Saturday, killing at least 19
6、 people. . 选词填空on a. . . basis, pros and cons, superior to, conflict with, turn out, fall away, have an urge to, (be) aware of, be charged with, be adapted into, regard. . . as, begin with, take over, make a note of, as long as 1. The teams success is most important and superior to his personal goal
7、s. 2. To be honest, I think shell turn out to be one of the most forward-thinking kids in her class. 3. When you are faced with your approaching death, the physical details of life fall away. 4. How much money do you plan to keep in your account on a regular basis? 5. Pick a workout hour. Make your
8、exercise time when it isnt likely to conflict with other plans. 6. When you havent been skiing for while, for instance, you may have an urge to go again. 7. Therefore, Chinese families should decide to send their children abroad for studies only after considering all the pros and cons. 8. The three
9、accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted murder. 9. “The East Is Red” was adapted into an art film and received praises from both home and abroad. 10. Mr Brown is more than a teacher; most of his pupils regard him as their friend. 11. Scan the newspaper article and make a note of
10、the main point. 12. Well let ourselves in trouble if we take over this business. 13. When you write a sentence, you must begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop. 14. One positive impact of COVID-19 is that ordinary people have become more aware of food conservation. 15. He promised to k
11、eep supporting her as long as she is willing to pursue advanced studies. 阅读精研素养构建. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息1. What makes the traveller think that the time machine works? A. The change of time on a clock. B. The lab that looks different. C. The strange feeling in mind. D. The trick the machin
12、e plays on him. 2. Why is the author invisible to his niece? A. Because he is hidden from her. B. Because they are not in the same time. C. Because there is no lamp in the room. D. Because he moves like a rocket. 3. How does the time traveller feel when travelling through time? A. Excited. B. Relaxe
13、d. C. Unfortunate. D. Uncomfortable. 4. Why is the time traveller worried about stopping the machine? A. An accident can happen. B. The machine will turn over. C. An explosion may take place. D. The machine has no brakes. 答案: 14. ABDC. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句译文: 今天十点钟, 第一台时间机器开始了它的工作生涯。
14、(2)But if I stopped and the same space was being 并列连词条件状语从句occupied by something else, we would be forced together 主语and explode like a bomb! 并列谓语译文: 但如果我停下来, 发现同一空间被别的东西占据了, 我们就会被迫撞到一起, 像炸弹一样爆炸! 2. 根据课文内容填空It was ten oclock and after giving the time machine (1)a last check, I gave the starting leve
15、r a slight push. Everything (2)seemed (seem) unchanged, but when I saw the clock, it was already half past three. Much to my (3)excitement (excite) , more than five hours had passed in a flash. Then the machine sped up and the lab around me went hazy. I even became invisible to my niece who came int
16、o the lab (4)to fetch (fetch) her handkerchief. It was not a comfortable journey. When my pace grew faster, the walls of the lab fell away and I (5)was left (leave) in the open air. Everything was changing so fast before my eyes, as I was being pushed through time (6)at hundreds of years a minute. I
17、 had a strong urge to stop the machine and look at the random (7)things (thing) that were being flashed before my eyes, but (8)what worried me most was that (9)stopping (stop) the machine might cause an unexpected (10)explosion (explode), which is dangerous. With carefulness, I stopped the machine a
18、nd found that I had travelled thousands of years into the future. 3. 阅读主题活动(1)If you have a time machine, what period in time do you want to travel to? I want to travel to the Tang Dynasty, when the people enjoyed a happy and romantic life. Perhaps, I would meet Li Bai and talk about his poems in pe
19、rson. (2)What does your imaginary time machine look like? My imaginary time machine is a saucer-shaped flying vehicle, which can fly and rotate at light speed. 要点精研素养奠基1. fare n. 车费; 船费; 飞机票价; 乘客*She would have five shillings after paying tram fare. 付了电车费后, 她还会剩下五先令。*How much is the single fare to G
20、lasgow? 去格拉斯哥的单程票多少钱? *The taxi driver picked up a fare at the station. 出租车司机在车站拉了一个乘客。bus (air/ taxi/ car/train / rail)fare公交车(飞机, 出租车, 汽车, 火车)费用return fare来回路费【易混辨析】fare/fee/cost辨析fare指旅客乘公共汽车、出租车、火车、轮船、飞机等所支付的费用。fee医生、律师或其他专门职业的佣金及会费、手续费、停车费等。cost“成本”、“原价”, 常用来表示对已取得的货物或劳务所支付的费用。通常不会用人来当主语【即学活用】选
21、择适当的词填空(fare, fee, cost)(1)The train fare has already been taken out from his salary. (2)The doctors fee was fifty dollars for a complete physical examination. (3)They reduced the cost of production, so as to fetch down the price of the products. 2. superior adj. 更好的, 占优势的; (在级别或重要性上)更高的n. 上级, 长官; 优
22、胜者*A few years ago it was impossible to find superior quality coffee in local shops. 几年前在当地的商店里不可能买到上好的咖啡。*We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends. 我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。*He always does what his superiors tell him. 他惟上级之命是从。superior to sb. /sth. 比(在品质上)更好; 更胜一筹su
23、perior to sb. (在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的superior in 在方面优越superior quality优质, 上等品; 高级货品superior court高等法院; 上级法院【名师点津】superior的易错点superior用作形容词时, 本身含有“较”的意思, 故不再有比较级或最高级形式, 用“superior to”表示“两事物的比较”。【即学活用】语法填空(1)At the meeting, experts stated this method was superior to others. (2)He was valued by both his peer
24、and his superiors(superior). 3. conflict with与冲突或抵触*These results conflict with earlier findings. 这些结果与早期的发现相矛盾。*She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。(1) conflict vi. 冲突, 抵触(2) conflictn. 冲突, 矛盾; 斗争in conflict with和冲突come into conflict with 和冲
25、突resolve the conflict 解决矛盾conflict of interest 利益冲突【即学活用】语法填空(1)It is a statement in conflict with other evidence. (2)If so, your points of view are bound to conflict with his. (3)My interests come into conflict with yours. 4. take over 接收; 接管; 接替*Im going to take over the company one day. 我总有一天会接管这
26、家公司。*The state may take over urban or rural land. 国家可以对城乡土地实行征用。*Try not to let negative thoughts take over. 尽量别受消极的想法左右。take off 脱去(衣服等); (飞机等)起飞; 成功take on 呈现; 雇用; 承担take up 拿起; 着手处理; 占据(时间、空间等)take in收留; 吸收; 欺骗; 领会; 理解【即学活用】选择适当的词语填空(take over, take on, take up, take off, take in)(1)Its still far
27、 from clear what action the government proposes to take over the affair. (2)While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge. (3)Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month to increase output. (4)We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up. (5)T
28、he accident happened as the jet was about to take off. 5. labour n. 劳动(者); 体力劳动 vi. 奋斗; 努力工作*The company wants to keep down labour costs. 公司想保持低劳动成本。*She often does volunteer labour during holidays. 放假时她常参加义务劳动。*We laboured all day in the fields. 我们在田地里辛勤劳动了一整天。(1) a labour of love爱做的事情manual(physic
29、al)labour体力劳动cheap labour廉价劳动力labour force 劳动力(2) labour to do. . . 艰难地去做labour away 努力去做(艰难的事)【即学活用】(1)It is necessary for us to take part in physical/ manual labour. 我们参加体力劳动是十分必要的。(2)We regard labour as a matter of honour. 我们认为劳动是光荣的事。(3)The owner of the shop laboured to please his customers. 店主竭
30、尽全力取悦顾客。6. backwards adv. 向后; 倒着; 往回*I lost my balance and fell backwards. 我没有站稳, 向后摔倒了。*She was rocking backwards and forwards in her seat. 她在座位上前摇后晃。*Ive bent over backwards to help him. 我已尽最大努力帮助他。(1) backwards and forwards来回地bend over backwards 竭尽全力(取悦别人)(2 )backwardadj. 向后的; 倒退的; 落后的backward ar
31、ea落后地区【即学活用】(1)Travelling backwards and forwards every day cost him too much money. 每天来回花了他太多的钱。(2)She looked backwards when she heard someone calling her. 当她听见有人叫她时, 她向后看了看。7. fetch vt. (去)拿来; (去)请来*Well send someone along /over to fetch it. 我们将派人来取。*Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of glo
32、ves and a fan! 马上跑回家去, 给我拿一双手套和一把扇子来! *The painting is expected to fetch up to $400, 000 at auction. 这幅画预计在拍卖会上能卖到40万美元。fetch sth. 去取(拿)fetch sb. sth. 替某人去取(拿)fetch in引进, 招来fetch up引起; 到达; 最终成为fetch out拿出; 引出; 使显出fetch and carry (for sb. ) 伺候; 为某人打杂【易混辨析】“拿来”“带走”知多少fetch去取来; 去拿回; 命令语气比较重bring从外面往里带,
33、 带过来take从里往外带, 带走, 带出【即学活用】选词填空(fetch, bring, take)(1)Ive trained my dog to fetch my slippers. (2)Please ask Uncle Tom to bring you here in August. (3)Remember to take your books when you leave. 8. turn out 关掉; 熄灭; 在场; 使朝外; 结果是*Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed. 临睡前别忘了关灯。*No one cou
34、ld have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way. 谁都没有预料到事情的结果会这样。*If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good works. 如果作家不深入群众, 就不会写出好作品来。turn down 关小; 拒绝turn away拒绝入内; 把打发走turn up出现; 露面; 调大turn to转向; 变成; 求助于; 翻到(书的某页)turn over打翻; 翻身; 移交【即学活用】选择适当的词语填空(tur
35、n out, turn down, turn up, turn away, turn to, turn over)(1)You cant expect everything to turn out as you wish. (2)Go down the street and turn to the left, youll see the theatre. (3)Hundreds of people had to be turned away because the stadium was so full that couldnt even admit one drop in. (4)We ar
36、ranged to meet at 7: 30, but she never turned up. (5)It remains a question whether we should accept or turn down his proposal. (6)He has been very lazy but he is going to turn over a new leaf and work hard. 9. division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)*I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six. 我女
37、儿6岁时, 我就教她怎样做除法。*He worked for a research division of it. 他为它的一个研究部门工作。*The division between the rich and the poor remains. 贫富对立依然存在。(1)division of / in/ within. . . 某方面的差异/分割division of. . . between A and BA 和B在某方面的差异/分割(2)dividev. (使)分开; 分配; 分隔divide (sth. ) into 分成; 分为; 把分割成divide(sth. ) by除以; 用除
38、divide(sth. ) up /out 瓜分; 分割; 分配divide sth. between. . . and. . . 把(时间、精力等)分别用于【易混辨析】divide把整体分为若干部分, 常与into搭配separate指把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来, 常与from搭配【即学活用】语法填空(1)There are deep divisions(division) in the party over the war. (2)The ideal division(divide) of labor in the computer age is very clear: The c
39、omputer should do the work, and the person should do the thinking. (3)We can also divide the screen into quarters, sixths, and so on. (4)England is separated from France by the English Channel. 10. urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动 vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐*It is all very well to urge people to give more to charity when the
40、y have less, but is it really fair? 这样好倒是好, 当他们自己却没那么多东西的时候, 却敦促人们给慈善机构捐更多东西, 这真的公平吗? *Looking at all the accusing faces, she felt a sudden urge to run away. 看着一张张脸上那责备的神情, 她突然想赶快溜走。*The authorities urged that every citizen focus attention on the security of food in the early spring. 在早春的时候, 政府敦促每个市
41、民关注食品安全。(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge/it is urged that. . . (should) do sth. 极力主张做某事(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事(3)urgentadj. 紧急的; 迫切的urgencyn. 紧急; 催促【即学活用】语法填空(1)Our teacher urges us to study (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near. (2)I have an urge to help people
42、out when theyre in trouble. (3)I make an urgent (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation. (4)There happens to be a particular urgency(urgent) in this case, and it would help if you could bend the rules. 11. random adj. 随机的; 不可思议的*She opened the book at random and starte
43、d reading. 她随意翻到一页就看了起来。*The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按随机顺序处理的。*We based our analysis on a random sample of more than 200 males. 我们随机抽取了200多名男性作为样本进行了分析。(1)at random胡乱地; 随便地; 任意地random sample/ selection随机抽样; 随意采样(2)randomly adv. 随便地, 任意地; 无目的地, 胡乱地(3)randomness n. 随意; 无安排; 不可测性
44、【即学活用】语法填空(1)He read a great deal, but at random for pleasure. (2)These temples are scattered randomly (random)over the mountain. (3)Einstein declared that randomness (random) rather than lawfulness is the characteristic of natural events. 12. It was at ten oclock today that the first of all Time Ma
45、chines began its career. 就是在今天十点钟, 第一台时间机器开始了它的工作。【句式解构】强调句结构: It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。注意: 1. 强调句中去掉it is和that之后, 句子仍然成立。2. 被强调成分不管是人还是物, 单数还是复数, be动词一律用is/was。3. 被强调成分为主语时, 仍然保持主格形式。*It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in
46、class. 正是他, 他的化学老师, 让保罗学会了在课堂上认真观察。*It was because of the heavy rain that he came late. 因为下大雨他才来晚的。*Was it last year that the building was completed? 这座大楼是去年建成的吗? 【即学活用】语法填空(1)Why was it that you were late for the meeting yesterday? (2)It is not only blind men who/that make such stupid mistakes. (3)It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 【要点拾遗】1. on a. . . basis 根据; 以的方式(基准)*A good parent-children relationship should be set up on the basis of mutual understanding and respect. 良好的亲子关系应该建立在相互理解和尊重
