1、 一，课文原句分析1.It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife，Claire.过去将来时的被动形式，构成：was/were going to be done2.All the work has been finished by now.现在完成时的被动形式，构成：has/have been done3.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was disturbing.过去进行时的被动形式，构成：was/were being done4.You
2、are invited to make a speech in our school.一般现在时的被动形式，构成:is/are done5.Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.不定式一般式的被动形式，构成:to be done语态语态表示表示主语与谓语之间的关系主语与谓语之间的关系。主动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者表示主语是动作的承受者 The Great Wall is visited by many pe
3、ople every year.Many people visit the Great Wall every year.主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态把主动句转换成被动句1.We plant some trees every year.Some trees are planted by us every year.2.Many people speak English.English is spoken by many people.3.Everyone likes the story.The story is liked by everyone.时态时态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成例句例句
4、一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词过去分词The school walls are painted every year.一般过去时一般过去时was /were+过去分词过去分词I was invited to the talk show yesterday.一般将来时一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词过去分词The matter will be looked into in the future.现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词过去分词The ship has been repaired.现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+being+过
5、去分词过去分词Two men are being questioned by the police.过去进行时过去进行时was /were+being+过去分词过去分词The roads were being built when I passed by.常见时态的被动语态常见时态的被动语态句型句型肯定句：肯定句：否定句：否定句：一般疑问句：一般疑问句：回答：回答：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：Children love these songs.are loved by children.These songs are not loved by children.Are these songs lo
6、ved by children.Yes,they are./No,they arent.are loved by children?特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by)?主语+be not+过去分词+(by)Be+主语+过去分词+(by)?主语+be+过去分词+(by)被动语态特殊情况被动语态特殊情况当动词带有复合宾语当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补有宾补),),并且宾补是省去并且宾补是省去“to”to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”to”1)1)They all the work.被动句：被动句：We to all the work by them.2
7、)We often songs.被动句：被动句：She to songs by us.3)I to school.被动句：被动句：He to to school by me.这些动词，主动句中这些动词，主动句中to离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回来回来.(let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice)主动表示被动的情况：1、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。常见的这类动词有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run等。这些动词常与副词smoothly,easily,well,badly等连用。例如：The mach
8、ine runs well.This pen writes quite smoothly.This kind of book sells well.2、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。例如：Do you like the material?Yes,it _(feel)very soft.Your idea sounds reasonable.What he said proved to be correct.3.不及物动词和某些短语。take place,break out,come about,belong to
9、,run out 等.(1)World war broke out in 1937.(2)The shop opens at 6 am every day.4.在need,want,require,deserve等词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不定式的被动形式。The matter wants looking into.The matter wants to be looked into.5.be worth 后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。但可用be worthy to be done或 be worthy of being done1.His suggestion is not
10、 worth considering.2.The film is well worth seeing.3.The film is worthy to be seen/of being seen.6.不定式在difficult,easy,hard,safe,good,fit,light等形容词之后作状语，且和句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。The book is easy to understand.The morning air is fresh to breathe.The girl is easy to get along with.7.不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成
11、动宾关系，又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系，用主动式表被动义。She has something to say.I will give him something to drink8.某些作表语用的不定式，强调出租，责备，解雇等，此类常用的动词有let,hire,blame等。Am I to blame?我该受罚吗?The house is to let.这房屋出租。9.非谓语动词的被动情况。The house to be built next year is our lab.The house being built now is our lab.The house built last ye
12、ar is our lab.“get+done”构成被动语态构成被动语态 表示状态或情况：表示状态或情况：get married 结婚结婚 get engaged 订婚订婚 get hurt/wounded 受伤受伤 get lost 迷路迷路 get drunk 喝醉了喝醉了 get caught/stuck/trapped 被困被困 get dressed 穿好衣服穿好衣服 get run over 被被(车车)轧轧1 What is done cannot _.(undo)2 Janet _ chairwoman of the student union last month.(elec
13、t)3 Two hundred grammes of flour should _ to the cake mix.(add)4 A 3,000-seat venue _ for the circus performance in November.(build)Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.be undonewas electedbe addedwill be built5 Wor
14、king efficiency _since this new software was adopted.(improve)6 Only one piece of carry-on luggage _ for each economy class passenger.(allow)7 It is a great honour for me to _ to address this international AI conference.(invite)8 When I entered the room,I found that the salesmans salary _at the meet
15、ing.(discuss)9 With exams being adapted into Braille,a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Exanimation.He is expected to _ to a top university.(admit)has been improvedis allowedbe invitedwas being discussedbe admitted1.The Xian City Wall is the most
16、complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history.It _(build)originally to protect the city during the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.(2021 年全国甲卷年全国甲卷)2.The little home _(paint)white.It was sweet and fresh.Mary loved it.(2021年年6月月浙江卷浙江卷)was built was painted3“This really ex
17、cites scientists，”Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _(construct)”(2020全国卷全国卷)4The artist was sure he would _(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister,the old man laughed
18、.(2020全国卷全国卷)5A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains for two days.is constructedbe chosenhad been trappedRead the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.explore translate discover regar
19、d represent set up recruit write get caught up connectScience fiction _ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and _.The Three-Body Problem,_ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin,is one of those astonishing predictions about the future.is regardedexplored/representedwritte
20、nThe work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008.When the first volume _ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu,it attracted attention around the world,becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel.The book _ ma
21、ny themes such as space exploration,alien contact,AI,and the future of humans.was translatedrepresentsThe Three-Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people,Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao.Ye _ to join a secret project in a remote area of China,which _ to contact alien life forms.In the othe
22、r story,set 20 years later,Wang Miao _ in a popular online game called Three Body,in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns.But Wang discovers it is more than a game it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence.is recruitedhas been set upgets caught upHow are these two peoples stories _?And how will their behaviour change Earths future and the civilisations of other planets?Answers to all these questions are waiting to _ when you go on reading.connectedbe discovered
