（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册高二下学期期中考试英语试题（精校版含详解听力mp3）.rar

宁阳四中高二下学期期中考试英语试题答案宁阳四中高二下学期期中考试英语试题答案听力部分听力部分ABACC BAABA BBCCB CBACA阅读理解阅读理解A 篇篇21. B 22. B 23. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国人 Robert Fulton，他最初是一位画家，后来致力于研究蒸汽船的应用。【21 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But like Henry Ford, Fultons talent lay not in the invention but in the products application in the marketplace”（Fulton 和 Henry Ford 一样，他的天赋不在于发明而在于产品的市场应用） ，可推知，Henry Ford 的天赋是产品的市场应用，故选B 项。【22 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1804, he tested the first submarine successfully, which he had built for the British Royal Navy. His invention would make him a celebrity upon his return to the United States two years later”（1804 年 Robert Fulton 成功测试了第一艘潜水艇，这使得他在两年后一回到美国就成了名人） ，可知他是在 1806 年成名。故选 B 项。【23 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Fultons boat - formerly known as the North River Steamboat-was a hit. Within five years, Fulton would be running services on six major rivers plus the Chesapeake Bay, and bring in great profits”（Fulton 的船受到了人们的欢迎，带来了很大的利润） ，可知 Clermont 船让 Fulton 赚了很大一笔钱。故选 B 项。B 篇篇【答案答案】24. D 25. A 26.B 27. D【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因。【24 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many young people who see themselves as future novelists choose journalism as a way of earning a living while developing their writing skills”（许多将来想当作家的年轻人把新闻工作作为一种谋生同时又能锻炼写作技巧的方式）可推知新闻学可以用作提高写作水平的一种手段。故选 D 项。【25 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句细节理解题。根据第二段第三句 Some people also want themselves to be recognized， so that they have status in the eyes of society.(有些人也希望自己被认可，让有些人也希望自己被认可，让自己在社会的眼中有地位。自己在社会的眼中有地位。)可知，有些人希望自己被认可是为了获得很高的地位。故选可知，有些人希望自己被认可是为了获得很高的地位。故选 A.【26 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “Most journalists tend to know a little bit about a lot of things, rather than a lot about one subject”（大部分新闻工作者对很多事情都略有所知，而不是精通某一学科）可知他们的知识面比较广。故选 B 项。【27 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Although writing for newspapers and writing for books require different qualities, the aspiration (志向) to be a great writer is not one to be discouraged in a would-be journalist.”（尽管为报纸写作和为书籍写作需要不同的素养，但志在成为一名出色的作家的志向并没有被成为准记者所阻挡。 ）并结合通读全文可知，本文主要介绍人们选择从事新闻业常见的动机和原因，即为什么人们选择从事新闻业。故选 D 项。C 篇篇【答案答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。研究认为，吃鸡蛋与患心脏病风险的增加有联系，但是有科学家对此持不同的观点，他们认为鸡蛋并不是引起心脏病的原因。【28 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Allen added that she would not say that eggs are completely unhealthy. “Im not saying that people should take them completely out of their food,” she said. “Im just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.” (Allen 补充说，她不是说鸡蛋完全不健康。 我并不是说人们应该把它们从食物中完全剔除， 她说。 我只是建议人们适量食用它们。 )”可知，Norrina Allen 并不认为人们不应该吃鸡蛋，而是应该适量吃，故选 C 项。【29 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This study does have clear shortcomings, including self-reporting at a single time point, he added”可知，Bruemmer 认为这项研究有不足之处，对这个研究持怀疑态度。故选 B 项。【30 题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中的 Andersen 所说的话“If youre taking a lot of processed meat, it doesnt matter how many eggs youre eating（如果你吃了大量的加工肉类，那么你吃多少个鸡蛋并不重要。 ） ”以及最后一段中“But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease. It may just be that people eating a lot of eggs are also taking a lot of bacon.（但它不能证明鸡蛋是该病的病因。这可能只是因为吃了很多鸡蛋的人也吃了很多培根。 ） ”可以推断，Andersen 认为吃鸡蛋并不是心脏病的病因。如果吃了大量加工过的肉类也有可能引起心脏病。故选 B。【31 题详解】标题判断题。文章在第一段提出观点“A new report connects eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.”，新的研究结果表明，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系；接下来文章列举了一些科学家的观点：第二段中 Norrina Allen 提出观点“Im just suggesting that people eat them in a proper amount.” Norrina Allen 认为应该适量吃鸡蛋；第三段中提到“Some experts believe the new study does not prove that eggs are causing heart disease.”，有些专家认为，这项新研究并不能证明鸡蛋会导致心脏病；第五段中 Holly Andersen 提出观点“a lot of the egg-eating people in the study also appeared to be eating much meat and processed meat.” 很多吃鸡蛋的人似乎也吃了很多肉和加工肉类，这也会引起心脏病。因此文章是关于“鸡蛋会导致心脏病吗?”这个问题的不同观点。故选 A。D 篇篇32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D本文为新闻报道。由 Artnet 和中国拍卖师协会编制的全球中国艺术品拍卖市场报告指出，由于中美贸易紧张，以及中国国内生产总值（GDP）放缓导致了中国古董艺术品全球拍卖成交跌至 10 年来新低。【32 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The combination of such slowdowns resulted in a weakening of collectors confidence and a more cautious attitude among buyers making decisions on investing in art in 2019, said the report.(“这些放缓的综合作用导致收藏家信心减弱，以及买家在 2019 年投资艺术品时更加谨慎的态度， ”该报告称。)”可知，本段主要是讲述关于拍卖总成交额下降导致了收藏家信心减弱，投资态度更加谨慎的后果。故选 D。【33 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The average price for the category increased in the Chinese mainland, up by 23 percent year-on-year,. But fine Chinese paintings and calligraphy, the largest collecting category on the Chinese mainland, did not perform as well. (在中国大陆，这类商品(中国艺术品和古董)的平均价格同比上涨了 23%.但中国大陆最大的收藏类别中国书画精品的表现并不好。) ”，报告说中国艺术品和古董类的商品平均价格同比上涨了 23%，通过对比可推断出，中国书画精品在中国大陆表现不佳是因为它们的价格不太令人满意。故选 B。【34 题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中划线词的后半句“ closing in on（接近）the North American markets share(接近北美市场的份额)”可知，在中国所有海外艺术品和古董拍卖品中，欧洲占 29% ，划线词“accounted for”是指“（比例）占/占有（份额） ”之意，与选项 A. Took up（占据，占有）意思相符，故选 A。【35 题详解】标题判断题。本文是新闻报道，由 Artnet 和中国拍卖师协会编制的全球中国艺术品拍卖市场报告指出，由于中美贸易紧张，以及中国国内生产总值（GDP）放缓导致了中国古董艺术品全球拍卖成交跌至 10 年来新低。再结合第一段“Global auction(拍卖）sales of Chinese art and antiques fell in 2019 to $ 5.7 billion, a 10 percent drop year-on-year, and the lowest level for the collecting category since 2010( 2019 年，中国艺术品和古董的全球拍卖成交额降至 57 亿美元，同比下降 10%，是 2010 年以来收藏类别的最低水平)”可知， “中国古董艺术品全球拍卖成交跌至 10 年来新低”作为题目切题且醒目，选项 D. Global Auction Sales of Chinese Antiques and Art Fall to a 10-year Low.符合题意，故选 D。七选五七选五【答案答案】36. D 37. A 38. E 39. C 40. G【分析】本文是一篇说明文。帮助他人是健康社会的支柱，文章主要介绍了帮助别人的几个益处。【36 题详解】根据上文“Helping people is the backbone of a healthy society.(帮助他人是健康社会的支柱)”以及后文“This statement is true and the following are some of the major benefits of assisting other people.(这个说法是正确的，以下是帮助他人的一些主要好处)”可知，上文提到了帮助他人的行为，后文则提到这种说法是正确的，可知本句是在说明后文提到的说法是什么。故 D 选项“人们认为帮助别人基本上就是帮助自己”符合语境，故选 D。【37 题详解】根据后文“Researchers have done lots of work to prove that helping others does have a great effect on a persons happiness. Even though we usually feel the urge to compete with other people, taking time to assist others can be very beneficial to us. The key to internal joy and happiness is simply helping those in need.(研究人员做了大量的工作来证明帮助他人确实对一个人的幸福有很大的影响。尽管我们通常都有和别人竞争的冲动，但花时间帮助别人对我们来说是非常有益的。内心快乐和幸福的关键就是帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，后文提到研究证明帮助他人可以给人带来幸福，故本段说明的帮助别人的好处是：增加幸福感。故 A 选项“增加幸福感”符合语境，故选 A。【38 题详解】根据上文“When people see that you have genuine intentions of assisting them, it is likely they are going to be very grateful.(当人们看到你真心诚意地帮助他们时，他们很可能会非常感激你)”可知，上文提到人们会感激真心诚意帮助他们的人，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明这种行为会对自己产生的影响。故 E 选项“因此，他们会认为你是一个有爱心的人，并开始信任你”符合语境，故选 E。【39 题详解】根据上文“Improve the community. The mentality of helping people is increasing in popularity since more people have realized that we do not need to fight for survival. A rising number of individuals now assist others without asking for anything back. This has resulted in the change in attitude and people are now more giving, more willing and also much readier to offer assistance.(改善社区。帮助人的心态越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的人意识到我们不需要为生存而斗争。现在越来越多的人在不要求任何回报的情况下帮助别人。这导致了态度的改变，人们现在更乐于给予，更愿意，也更乐意提供帮助)”可知，本段的中心思想是帮助他人可以改善社区，故本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文再次说明提供帮助改善了整个社区，改变了气氛，C 选项中“improves the whole community”和本段的中心句“Improve the community”相照应。故 C 选项“这改善了整个社区，改变了气氛”符合语境，故选 C。【40 题详解】根据上文“Helping other people is important as it helps to connect many people together.(帮助他人很重要，因为它有助于把许多人联系在一起)”可知，上文提到帮助他人可以把许多人联系在一起，故本句承接上文继续说明是如何联系在一起的，以及这种联系的作用，G 选项中“come together”和空前的“connect many people together”相照应。故 G 选项“那些提供帮助和得到帮助的人走到一起，互相激励”符合语境，故选 G。完形填空完形填空语法填空语法填空【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国选美小姐 Mukherjee 在 COVID-19 爆发期间结束海外慈善工作，返工英国，继续她的医生工作来应对新冠肺炎疫情的故事。56. to continue 考查非谓语动词。句意：2019 年加冕为英格兰小姐的选美皇后决定结束海外慈善工作返回英国，继续她的医生工作来应对新冠肺炎疫情。空处与后文为“return to the United Kingdom”的目的，因此，用不定式作目的状语。故填 to continue。57. (had) graduated 考查动词时态。句意：2019 年 8 月，慕克吉从诺丁汉大学毕业，两周后她就被加冕为英格兰小姐。根据本句的后半句“before she was crowned Miss England in August, 2019”可知，毕业的事情发生在加冕之前，可用过去完成时；也可表示毕业这件事发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填(had) graduated。58. who/ that 考查定语从句。句意：她说：“同事中有人知道我获奖了，他们开了一些小玩笑，但我埋头苦干，完成了我的工作。 ”本句为定语从句，先行词为 people，表示人，作定语从句的主语，用 who 引导定语从句。故填 who。59. done 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。get sth. done 表示：使被做，空处 do 与 work 构成动宾关系，此处用过去分词作 work 的补足语。故填 done。60. was 考查动词时态。句意：在医院里工作是艰难的。根据后句的 didnt 推测，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语“Working in the hospital”看做单数形式，be 动词用 was。故填 was。61. the 考查冠词。句意：她说，她觉得，即使是为了慈善工作，戴上“英格兰小姐”的桂冠是不对的，因为世界各地的人们都在死于 COVID-19，她的同事们比以前工作得更努力。此处world“世界”表示特指，构成固定用法“around the world”。故填 the。62. harder 考查副词比较级。句意同上。根据 than 推测，此空用比较级，修饰 were working 用副词比较级 harder。故填：harder。63. warmth 考查名词。句意：让 24 岁的她走下去的是社交媒体上粉丝们的祝福和温暖。分析句子可知，空处缺少名词，与 well-wishes 并列，warm 的名词形式为 warmth。故填 warmth。64. largely 考查副词。句意：慕克吉之所以成为英国小姐，很大程度上是因为她的美貌。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词修饰 became，用 large 的副词形式 largely。故填 largely。65. for 考查介词。句意：但是通过拯救生命，也许她现在更出名的是她善良的心。分析句子可知，空后为出名的原因，be known for“因为而出名”，符合题意。故填 for。写作写作第一部分第一部分【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,Im writing to talk about the problem of food safety nowadays. To reduce costs and make more profits, some food companies dont take necessary safety measures to guarantee the food quality. As a result, more and more low-quality food flows into the market, doing great harm to consumers health.In my opinion, food is essential to human beings. We could not live without safe food. If no notice is taken of food safety, the health of the whole nation will suffer. So I call on the whole society to take action and put an end to the low-quality food. Only in this way can we live a healthier life.Yours truly,Li Hua【点睛】高分句型高分句型 1 To reduce costs and make more profits, some food companies dont take necessary safety measures to guarantee the food quality. (运用了不定式作目的状语)高分句型高分句型 2 If no notice is taken of food safety, the health of the whole nation will suffer. (运用了if 引导条件状语从句)读后续写读后续写【分析分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者向一家游泳馆递交了第一份工作申请，完成一些诸如帮助困惑的游客，在孩子滑下滑梯之前测量他们的身高等事情。在进行测试时，经理提议让作者去当一名救生员，于是作者采纳了这个建议。经过一系列培训，作者成为了一名救生员，但好像所学的东西也无用武之地。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“ 他一定是出了什么问题， 我心想。 ”可知，第一段可描写作者发明并营救这个溺水男孩的经过。由第二段首句内容“让男孩躺在地板上，我把耳朵凑到他的嘴边，手指放在他的脖子上。 ”可知，第二段可描写作者如何运用自己学过的救生员知识救了这个孩子的。2.续写线索：发现男孩溺水抱起男孩实施急救男孩恢复知觉松了口气3.词汇激活行为类游泳：dive into / swim towards / sink to走路：reach/ head to情绪类.担忧：anxiously / fright and concern /be grateful.高兴：happy/cheers/ in relief【点睛】高分句型高分句型 1. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, his head hanging down, which filled my heart with fright and concern.（由 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型高分句型 2. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasnt breathing.（由 that 引导宾语从句）读后续写读后续写【答案答案】“Something must have gone wrong with him,” I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look, I found the boy waving his hands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, his head hanging down, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasnt breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, giving him mouth-to-mouth breathing and doing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. Im happy I didnt take the easy way out.听力原文听力原文Text 1M: Hi, Sally. This is Joe.W: Hi, Joe.M: Were planning a surprise party for Suzanna this Friday. Shes retiring this month. Would you like to come?W: Sure. Count me in.Text 2M: I think you should try hard to get that job. You should do careful research to prepare for the interview.W: Thanks. But Ive changed my mind. Why should I go to these job interviews? Id like to be my own boss. Text 3M: Excuse me. Im sorry that these books were due yesterday.W: Thats OK. You know you need to pay a fine for that, right? Thats one dollar and fifty cents total. Text 4M: Hello?W: Can I help you with anything?M: Uh, Yes. Im here to see the flat. I saw your ad about a room for rent.M: Oh, youve come to the wrong door. The flat for rent is one floor up.Text 5M: Dose your grandma still live in your hometown?W: Yes, she says she can take care of herself, though her hearing is going. Shed love to have her children go back and stay with her. But she wouldnt come to live with us.M: Thats typical of people of her age.Text 6M: Come on. Its time to go. We promised Mom not to be late.W: Just hold your horses. Whats the hurry anyway?M: Well. Ive got to stop and put gas in the car first.W: That wont take long. M: Well, it wont if there is no line there.W: But, Im not quite ready.M: Ill give you five more minutes. Then Im going on without you.W: You wouldnt do that to me.M: Oh yes, I would.Text 7M: Hello, Sophia.W: Simon, I owe you an apology. I shouldnt have said nothing and left the party suddenly. You know, I was in such a hurry that I nearly knocked over a table with glasses of wine. M: Oh, forget it. Joshua told me your dad had an accident. How is he now?W: Much better. He hurt his knee in his office. And hes now at home. He will have his last appointment with the doctor next Monday. I guess hell be able to get back to work soon.Text 8W: Hey Jim, how are you?M: Hi Tracy. Why are you carrying so many books? Do you need any help?W: No, thanks. Im going to the library to return them. Its not far away. Ive just finished my term paper for my world history class. How are you doing?M: Not bad. Very busy, though. I just got off work. Im about to get something to eat.W: I hear youve changed your job. Where are you working now?M: ABC Company, as a computer programmer. Its a good job, but a bit difficult for me now. It requires a lot of work.W: Well, Im sure you can manage. Now, Id better let you go get some food.M: Yeah. Its great seeing you again.Text 9W: Good evening, this is Meeting Artists. Our guest today is James Patrick Coon, The Happy Artist. Mr. Coon is famous for his colorful murals. That is, pictures painted on a wall. Welcome, Happy. Our audience is curious about how you got your name.M: My initials are JP. In Spanish they are pronounced “ha-pay”. And my Mexican friends called me so when we were in Mexico.W: What inspired you to become an artist?M: My father was an oil painting artist. He used to work in the living room. One day when I was six, I put some paint on one of his paintings when he was out. First he was mad. Then he laughed. That was all it took to make me an artist.W: How do you describe your work? M: My work speaks to the five-year olds in all of us. Though we become experienced when we grow up, we are always five years old at heart. We all want to have fun.W: Thats a unique idea, which is why your art is so special. Thank you very much for coming, Happy, and for bringing us so much happiness.Text 10W: Good morning! Welcome to the language center of our university. We aim at helping people improve their language ability in several languages. Now, Ill focus on one of our programs, the English training program, which I think you might be interested in. The program offers year-round English courses in eight levels from beginning to advanced. It offers a wide variety of courses for students, scholars, and professionals. Participants can prepare for study at an American university,