1、UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONSReview Useful StructuresLead-inReread the passage on page 13 and 14 to find out sentences with past participles. 1. to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, its often informally referred to as “down under”. 2. Im more interested in meeting people
2、 in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life. 3. The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand, led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.located/adverbialinterested/predicativeChinese-i
3、nspired/ attributive 4. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. 5. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. 6. I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for h
4、ours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!found/attributive; called attributiveskilled/attributiveconvinced /predicative 7. After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. 8. Although
5、 the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. 9. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born ove
6、rseas or have parents who were born plicated/attributivecontributed/object complementborn predicativeReview of past participles1 过去分词作定语 (1)过去分词作定语时,相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成被动关系。单个的过去分词作定语时，常置于其所修饰的名词前;而过去分词短语作定语时，常置于其所修饰的名词后。 过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。 We must adapt our thinking to
7、 the changed conditions.=We must adapt our thinking to the conditions that changed. 我们必须调整思路来适应改变了的情况。1 过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语的几个注意点: 过去分词修饰something，everything,anything,nothing, somebody nobody 等不定代词以及指示代词 those 等时,要放在这些词的后面。 .He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。 单个的过去分词有时置于名词后作定语，表示强调。 .The informati
8、on gained is very precise. 获取的信息很准确。 有些过去分词作前置定语与作后置定语时意思不同。in the given time 在既定的时间内 with the words given 用所给的单词 及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动的意义。如:fried chips(炸土豆条)。 不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiled water(开水)等。Exercise The books_ (write) by Mo Yan are popular. The concert_(give) by their fr
9、iends was a success.writtengiven过去分词作表语 (1)过去分词作表语时，总是在连系动词如be,appear,seem， look,remain,feel,get等之后,构成系表结构，表示主语的状态或状况，主语多为人。此时过去分词大多已变成了形容词。 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。 We are all interested in what has been performed. 我们都对表演的节目很感兴趣。过去分词作表语 (2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表
10、语表示主语所处的状态,而被动语态则表示一个被动的动作。 This lake is badly polluted. 这个湖受到了严重污染。(系表结构,表示状态) This lake is badly polluted by fossil fuel. 这个湖被化石燃料严重污染了。(被动结构,表示动作)Exercise Everyone present is very_(inspire) by his speech. As we joined the big crowd I got_(lose) from my friends.inspiredlost过去分词作宾语补足语 (1)表示感觉和心理状态的
11、动词(词组)，如feel,hear,listen to see, watch, observe, look at,notice,find等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 .I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。过去分词作宾语补足语 (2)用在表示某种状态的动词(如havemakegetkeep,leave等)后作宾语补足语。 Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。过去分词作宾语补足语 (3)表示思维活动的动词，如consider，know，think等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 I consider
12、ed the matter resolved. 我认为这件事解决了。过去分词作宾语补足语 (4)with的复合结构中可以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。 He stood for an instant with his hand raised. 他举着手站了一会儿。 With everything considered,his plan is superior to yours. 全面考虑后,他的计划要比你的好。Complete the sentences 他发现他的家乡变化很大。(find) _ 玩具坏掉了,那个男孩在哭。(with) The boy was crying_He found his
13、 hometown greatly changed.with the toy broken过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等。过去分词作状语 (1)过去分词(短语)作状语的句法功能和位置 过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。 When offered help，
14、one often says “Thank you” or “Its kind of you”(时间状语) 当有人提供帮助时，人们常说“谢谢”或“你真好”过去分词作状语 Given another chance，I will do it much better.(条件状语) 如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。 Greatly inspired by what he did，I joined him in helping others.(原因状语) 在他所做的事情的巨大鼓舞下，我也加入了帮助他人的行列。 Visited many times，the place is still worth vi
15、siting again.(让步状语) 虽然已参观了很多次，这个地方仍值得再来。过去分词作状语 He has been preparing his paper all day long，locked in the host.(方式状语) 锁在书房里，他一整天都在准备论文。 The guest walked into the room，greeted by the host.(伴随状语) 客人一边和主人打招呼，一边走进了房间。过去分词作状语 (2)过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，中间用逗号隔开。 Caught in a heavy rain，he was all we
16、t. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 He stood there silently，moved to tears.Moved to tears，he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。过去分词作状语 (3)去分词作状语可与相对应的状语从句互换。而从句连词改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语。 If it is merely based on your imagination (=If merely based on your imagination),the report will not be convi
17、ncing. 假如仅靠你的想象去写，报告是不会令人信服的。过去分词作状语 (4)过去分词(短语)的独立结构 过去分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，过去分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立结构。过去分词(短语)的独立结构通常在句中作状语,可表示时间、原因、条件等。 The project finished (=After the project was finished), they had two weeksleave. 完成那项工程后，他们休了两周假。 Exercises _(give)more time, they are expected to do it perfectly. When _(leave) alone, the baby soon began to feel bored.GivenleftHomework
