2022届江苏省南京市高三考前训练题（一）英语试卷（含答案）.rar

2022 届南京考前训练（一）英语试题解析届南京考前训练（一）英语试题解析01 传统阅读传统阅读答案：答案：21-23 BCA24-27 CDBA28-31 DDAC32-35 CCDBA 篇主要介绍了四个加利福尼亚洲的海滩。主要考察细节理解和文本内容筛选。篇主要介绍了四个加利福尼亚洲的海滩。主要考察细节理解和文本内容筛选。B 篇主要讲述了篇主要讲述了 Gutierrez 通过在垃圾堆中抢救图书，开设了一个社区图书馆的故事。主通过在垃圾堆中抢救图书，开设了一个社区图书馆的故事。主要介绍了他的相关事迹、理念及其影响。要介绍了他的相关事迹、理念及其影响。C 篇介绍了基因编辑技术可能可以治疗焦虑症和饮酒紊乱者，叙述了其相关实验的方法、篇介绍了基因编辑技术可能可以治疗焦虑症和饮酒紊乱者，叙述了其相关实验的方法、过程、结果和意义。过程、结果和意义。D 篇介绍了艺术对于年轻人的重要性：艺术帮助年轻人表达自我，勇于创新，并不会干扰篇介绍了艺术对于年轻人的重要性：艺术帮助年轻人表达自我，勇于创新，并不会干扰学习，作者鼓励年轻人多接触艺术。学习，作者鼓励年轻人多接触艺术。详细解析：详细解析：A 篇篇第 21 题 B 该题考查文本细节筛选。由每段介绍可知，Laguna 海滩小镇有大量的画廊和工作室，而其他海滩并没有。A 项是 Laguna 和 Pismo 地区的共同特征，CD 项为其他海滩的个体特征。故选 B。第 22 题 C 见文章 Pismo 部分，可知，这个地区全年提供冲浪、皮划艇、冲浪钓鱼和游泳等项目。故选 C。第 23 题 A 本文主要介绍了四个加利福尼亚洲的海滩。主要针对群众是游客，针对内容是旅游项目。故选 A。B 篇篇第 24 题 C 由该段可知，他开着垃圾车在富人区垃圾堆中抢救被丢弃的书籍。他沉迷于做这件事情一发不可收拾，这件事点燃了他的渴望。故 ignite 在这里的意思类似于“激起，点燃”，故选 C。第 25 题 D 见文章第三到第四段，可知，他的社区图书馆可以帮助古铁雷斯地区附近的孩子浏览藏书，可以帮助贫穷的孩子从书籍中获取知识。故选 D。第 26 题 B 最后一段表达的意思是，我们每个人都可以通过确定需求，通过自己的方式帮助身边的人改善生活。最后一句话通过问句的形式，引发读者思考，让读者意识到帮助他人的必要性和意义。故选 B。第 27 题 A 本文主要讲述了 Gutierrez 通过在垃圾堆中抢救图书，开设了一个社区图书馆的故事。主要介绍了他的相关事迹、理念及其影响。主要讲述的是这些书从垃圾变成了可以帮助他人的宝藏，主要透露的是这一变化中的意义。故选 A。C 篇篇第 28 题 D 根据文章第二段第一句话可知，通过降低影响情绪处理的杏仁核中的 Arc 基因表达，饮酒过多会导致 Arc 基因区域的大脑化学物质发生改变，而根据下划线所在句子讲述后续进一步影响可知，that 就指代前一句话的结果，因此应该是 Arc 基因区域的大脑化学物质发生改变，因此选 D。第 29 题 D 根据文章第四段第一句话可知，研究团队是在实验老鼠身上控制乙酰化和甲基化过程，后面详细介绍了对老鼠分组，进行相应实验干预的过程，因此本研究是通过在动物身上做实验而得出实验结果的。第 30 题 A 根据倒数第二段的实验结果表明对有饮酒史的老鼠催化乙酰化，他们的 Arc 基因表达会变正常，以及最后一段 Pandey 表明实验给了我们有效治疗焦虑症和饮酒紊乱的希望可知，乙酰化是可能可以治疗饮酒紊乱的。第 31 题 C 根据文章开头和结尾可知反复表示实验可能提供治疗焦虑症和饮酒紊乱的方法，实验者表示这给了人们希望可知，做实验的目的是找寻改善精神健康状况的方法。D 篇篇第 32 题 C 根据文章第二句话 they 指代艺术，表示艺术帮助年轻人发展，第三句话表示接触艺术对于年轻人来说是很重要的可知，本题应该选 C，接触艺术有助于年轻人的发展。第 33 题 C 根据第二段第二行至第四行表示如果艺术天赋或潜能在幼年时就被发现，年轻人就会通过接受艺术的高等教育，逐渐发挥他们的潜能，甚至将艺术作为长期爱好或职业，然后举例自己幼年学钢琴，所以现在意识到自己的兴趣和热爱，据此判断作者举例是为了论证早期接触艺术的好处，因此选 C。第 34 题 D 根据第三段表明艺术可以帮助年轻人表达自我，年轻人可以通过艺术排解压力，而画线短语所在句子主语是很难表达自己的人，句子状语又表示这会导致例如抑郁等心理问题可知，这里 bottle it up 应该是指不会表达情绪，因此选 D，避免和别人倾诉自己的情绪。可能有考生误选 B，但是 B 明确表示的是缓解焦虑，过于局限，句子状语说的是例如抑郁等心理问题，并不一定是焦虑。第 35 题 B 根据最后一段表示，年轻人接触艺术会帮助他们意识到自己在艺术领域的才能，帮助她们表达感受和想象，会给我们无限的机会去学习新技能和变成更好的自己可知，此处是讲述了年轻人接触艺术的重要性，因此选 B。027 选选 5 阅读阅读答案：答案：36-40 BCDAG本文讲述了作为一名退休的母亲，我打算为自己找一些放松的时间。我尝试了很多方法，本文讲述了作为一名退休的母亲，我打算为自己找一些放松的时间。我尝试了很多方法，都没有成效。直到我把我的注意力从我身上移开，我发现，也许我们太执着于如何度过时都没有成效。直到我把我的注意力从我身上移开，我发现，也许我们太执着于如何度过时间，而忽略了放空自己，享受无所事事的感觉。间，而忽略了放空自己，享受无所事事的感觉。详细解析：详细解析：第 36 题 B 上文说，我终于可以花些时间在自己身上，设空后说，我想了很多很多能够充满我灵魂的东西，开始寻找自我。这里在说，我在思考如何度过自己的时间，有许多方法，选项 B，当然，有很多可能性，符合上下文文意，故选 B。第 37 题 C 设空前说，我尝试了饮茶，设空后说，我尝试着享受整个饮茶的过程，但是失败了。也就是说，一开始我对饮茶这个过程是很感兴趣的，但是发现自己没办法沉浸其中。选项 C，一开始，我对饮茶充满兴趣，符合上下文文意，故选 C。第 38 题 D 设空前说，冥想、饮茶、锻炼都不适合我，即我给自己提的建议都不行。选项D，我最终把这些想法从列表中划掉，符合上下文文意，故选 D。第 39 题 A 设空前说，我感觉我在度过自己的时间方面是个失败者，但我可以盯着蜜蜂看一上午；设空后说，我不想再强调自己。也就是说，作者意识到，她过于执着于“自己”该如何度过时间，想要把注意力从自己身上移开。选项 A，把注意力从自己身上移开是一种享受，符合上下文文意，故选 A。第 40 题 G 这一段在表达文章主旨，也许我们太执着于如何度过时间，而忽略了无所事事的感觉。选项 G，目睹大自然的小事情比其他任何事情都能让我集中自己的精神，也就是主旨想表达的意思，故选 G。03 完形填空完形填空答案：答案：41-45 CBACB46-50 DACDB51-55 DACBD本文主要讲述了作者在打翻自己的马克杯之后，收到了别人赠送的二手杯子，由此引发了本文主要讲述了作者在打翻自己的马克杯之后，收到了别人赠送的二手杯子，由此引发了一系列关于马克杯的感悟和对人生态度的思考。文章用词简单，难度不大。一系列关于马克杯的感悟和对人生态度的思考。文章用词简单，难度不大。详细解析：详细解析：第 41 题 C 短语辨析。run out/用完，break down/破裂，pour out/倾倒，roll down/向下滚动。在这里可能有同学选择 break down，但这里用 and 展现的是一个紧接着 open the cupboard的动作，也就是说，打开橱柜后这些马克杯应该先是倾倒出来。pour out 这个词也更有动态感，所以比 B 更合适。第 42 题 B 理解题。前文说了马克杯全倒了，按照语境来讲，这里幸运的应该是没有人受伤，所以在这里应该选择 B。disturb/打扰，blame/谴责，lose/丢失。第 43 题 A 理解题。从后文“everyone was willing to share their extra mugs”可知，哪怕杯子碎了，作者的朋友们会分享他们的杯子，因此可以推测这里作者的态度应该是不需要去担忧。第 44 题 C 前后联系。和 43 题一样，根据“everyone was willing to share their extra mugs”，这里应该选择 extras，表示额外的杯子，与这句话中的 extra mugs 相呼应。第 45 题 B 短语辨析。这里应该选择 be filled with/装满，表示很快作者的橱柜又装满了杯子。decorate/装饰，equip/装配，link/联系，这三个词都不会用来形容空间的装满。第 46 题 D 词语辨析。anxious/焦虑的，ready/准备好的，fearful/害怕的，grateful/感激的。很明显作者在感激那些愿意分享给自己杯子的朋友，故选 D。第 47 题 A 理解题。后文的“totally different”提示了这是作者没有预料过的事情，也就是他没想过这些杯子和自己选择的那些完全不同，前后的情感发生了转折，故选 but。第 48 题 C 动词辨析。understand/理解，spot/看见，expect/期待，accept/接受。这里指的是作者没有预料到自己竟然很喜欢没被自己选择的那些杯子，这是很奇怪的。第 49 题 D 名词辨析。connection/联系，encouragement/鼓励，commitment/承诺，expression/表达。前文已经说了这个马克杯就像一个画布一样，所以两者之间应该有着相似之处，画布是画家表达的载体，因此马克杯也是一个表达的载体。第 50 题 B 固定搭配。be transformed into 表示转变为，前后文提示了这个橱柜从“boring”到“a rainbow of human experience”，这两者之间充满了不同，也就是发生了转变。第 51 题 D 理解题。从前文可知作者的现在的这些杯子应该是朋友送给他的，也就是说，这些杯子都是 second-hand/二手的。delicate/精致的，brand-new/全新的，colorful/色彩缤纷的。第 52 题 A 固定搭配。relax into 有因而松弛下来的含义，这里表示这些旧杯子就像穿久了的短袖一样，会让人在这其中感到放松。relax 也与上文的“comforting”形成了呼应。第 53 题 C 理解题。因为这些杯子都是别人送给作者的东西，所以这些二手物都承载了上一个主人的故事。comments/评论，interests/兴趣，regrets/后悔。这里可能有同学选 B，但是 B 选项在文中没有暗示，同时也缺乏故事色彩。第 54 题 B 动词辨析。match 在这里表示匹配，意思是说作者不会为杯子准备配套的茶碟。connect/连接，hold/保持，protect/保护，和茶碟均无联系。第 55 题 D 理解题。从前文作者不会为杯子准备匹配的茶碟可以看出，作者本人是一个不拘泥于形式的人，因此他会让你看到富有创意型的例子，这里的 creativity 刚好与前文的unique 呼应。04 语法填空语法填空答案：答案：56. specifically57. making58. its59. However60. why61. with62. are located63. independence64. how65. to accommodate文章介绍了清洁能源的利弊，以及最大限度的利用可再生能源的方法。文章介绍了清洁能源的利弊，以及最大限度的利用可再生能源的方法。详细解析：详细解析：(语法填空比较简单，只做难题解析）语法填空比较简单，只做难题解析）第 61 题 case 后面加 with，比如说有个搭配叫 as is the case with sb，正如某人这种情况，那这个 case 后面加 with 呢，表示正如这个能源这种情况。05 作文作文应用文写作：应用文写作：Dear Paul,Knowing that youre eager to learn to cook a Chinese dish, Im writing to recommend one to you, Xihongshi Chao Jidan (scrambled eggs with tomatoes).The reasons are as followed. First, it is among the most popular household dishes in China and frequently appears on our tables. Besides, this dish doesnt require much cooking experience. With simple steps, it is friendly to those who dont know much about Chinese cuisine.A recipe is attached below. Go and have a try! (80 words)Yours,Li Hua读后续写：读后续写：Flora fetched old flowerpots and found a trowel to dig with. She walked to the yard, knelt down, and found the right place to shovel. Carefully she dug up chunks of earth that had flowers growing out of them. Then, she gently packed each chunk and more soil in a pot, deciding to carry two inside. They would come along to the new house. The others she lined up near her sign. All the work finished, she came back. “Thanks, Papi, Flora said with smile, taking her seat again.(78words) Now she was ready for selling the yard and joking with customers. Mr. Johnson was picking some toys from the stand. Mrs. Ciro picked several story books. And the two asked jokingly again, But how much for the yard? This time, Flora smiled. Her smile was just like Papis. Zero cents! she said, Pick any pot of yard you like! Hearing this, all the neighbors burst into laughter. Now our yard can survive, Flora thought to herself delightedly, both in my new house and on Apple Street! she added.(77 words) 南京市南京市 20222022 届考前训练题（一）届考前训练题（一）英英 语语 第一部分第一部分 听力听力(共两节，共两节， 满分满分 30 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What is Dave going to do tomorrow?AWrite an essay.BGo camping.CTake a test.2What is Olivia doing?AShes reading job ads.BShes editing a paper.CShes watching TV.3What are the speakers talking about?ATeaching methodsBOnline learning.CEnglish culture.4What does the man suggest the woman do?ACheck the websites. BChange to a new airline. CBook a ticket in advance.5Why is the woman unhappy with Jason?AHe broke a company rule.BHe was absent from work.CHe lost an important report.第二节第二节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6Where are the speakers going to have a picnic?AOn the beach. BIn the woods.CBy the lake.7What will the woman probably do after the picnic?ADo some readingBGo swimming CRide a bike.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8What is the womans major now?APolitical science.BBiology.CPsychology.9What makes the woman change her mind?AExtra classes.BDifficult exams.CDelays in graduation.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10Why will Mark go to California?ATo train a new manager. BTo open a branch store.CTo do a sales analysis.11How long will Marks work probably take in California?ATwo days.BOne week.CTwo weeks.12Who might go to California with Mark?APeter BJack CLisa.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13What is Susan doing?AShes teaching geography.BShes introducing an art form.CShes conducting an interview.14What is Charlie?AA writer. BA researcher.CA photographer.15How did the Amazon people react to Charlies visit?ADefensively.BFavorably.CAngrily.16What does Charlie want to show through his works?AThe natural beauty of the Amazon.BThe damage done to the rainforests.CThe happy side of the local life听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17Why is the plan for the visitors changed?ALack of time.BBad weather.CLack of money18What does the speaker say about the museums at South Kensington?AThey are free on Thursdays.BThey are close to each other.CThey are open on different days.19When will the speaker probably leave the National History Museum?AAt 1 pm. BAt 3 pm.CAt 6 pm.20What is the last stop of the tour?AThe National Gallery.BThe Science Museum.CVictoria and Albert Museum.第二部分第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分分)第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题小题: 每小题每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhen first-time visitors imagine California, one of the first things that come to mind is likely the beach. California offers hundreds of beaches to choose from. To help visitors decide which coast to travel to, we have listed four beach towns California offers.LagunaOne glance at Laguna Beach can leave the viewers amazed at its beauty. Yet there is more to it than its good looks. Laguna features more than 100 art galleries and studios, which wont let viewers down. Summer is Lagunas peak travel season when the majority of its yearly festivals take place. Winter will likely bring discounts, but you wont be able to swim at the beach.MontereyWhat Monterey lacks in swimmable shorelines it makes up for in breathtaking scenery. Monterey State beach is an underrated attraction, offering 4 miles of quiet beach, where youll find relatively few beachgoers. Montereys central California location subjects it to mild temperatures during the winter, making Monterey an attractive destination year-round.PismoThis small beach town offers little to do other than beach activities, but that isnt necessarily a bad thing. It offers outdoor activities throughout the year, including surfing, kayaking, surf fishing and swimming. Dont forget to see butterflies at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove if youre in town between late October and late February. The best time to visit is during the fall, which offers warm temperatures.PfeifferAs an ideal place for photographers, Pfeiffer Beach impresses with its awesome surrounding cliffs and collection of rock formations. Keep in mind, though, that the beach is not safe for swimming due to its strong currents and underlying rocks. The best time to visit is from September through November when the summer tourists have returned home.21. What distinguishes Laguna from the other three beach towns?A. Its various fun beach activities. B. Its plentiful galleries and studios.C. Its relatively less crowded beach. D. Its splendid and awesome scenery.22.For swimming lovers, which beach town is a good choice all year round?A. Laguna. B. Monterey. C. Pismo. D. Pfeiffer.23. Where can the text be found?A. In a travel brochure. B. In a Geography textbook.C. In a visitors journal. D. In a photography magazine.BJose Alberto Gutierrezs life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina in the trash(垃圾) 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods and seeing books abandoned by the rich. It ignited his desire to start rescuing books from the trash. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library.In Colombias capital city of Bogota, libraries tend to be far away from poorer communities. The option of buying new books is non-existent for poor families and having access to a library of books is a luxury. Gutierrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a passionate reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him.Today, his community library, “The Strength of Words”, occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of over 20,000 books!The Strength of Words library is open every weekend, and children in Gutierrezs neighbourhood are allowed to look through the book collection. Adults are also welcome to expand their vision and develop new skills for a better life.Today, the Gutierrez family doesnt merely want to start libraries in neighbourhoods. They want to create more safe spaces for school children to spend their time reading. This is important for kids living in Bogota where many young people waste time in the streets.Gutierrezs journey to give treasure back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us by identifying needs, investing time and finding a simple solution. How might we take a leaf out of Guticrrezs book?24.What does the underlined word “ignited” mean in paragraph 1?A. Satisfied. B. Ignored. C. Excited. D. Expressed.25. What do we know about Gutierrezs library?A. It aims to recycle and reuse the garbage.B. It is sponsored by wealthier communities.C. It is in the charge of his passionate mother.D. It makes knowledge accessible to poor kids.26. What message does the last sentence convey?A. We should value Gutierrezs spirit of paying back.B. We can follow Gutierrezs example to help others.C. We should go to visit Gutierrezs library personally.D. We can donate deserted books to Gutierrezs library.27.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. From Trash to Treasure B. The Books of GutierrezC. From Home to Community D. The Strength of ReadingCA new gene editing procedure may provide doctors with a potential cure for both anxiety and alcohol use disorders. Researchers say the treatment acts like a factory reset for the patients brain.Previous studies by the same team found that too much drinking during adolescence changes a persons brain chemistry in the region of the Arc gene, by decreasing Arc expression in the amygdala (杏仁核) affecting how people process emotions. When that occurs, it makes someone more likely to suffer from mental health issues and use alcohol too much during adulthood.The new study focused on reprogramming such changes to the brain at a genetic level. “It provides evidence that gene editing is a potential antidote(解毒剂) to these effects, offering a kind of factory reset for the brain, if you will,” says Subhash Pandey, study senior author.Using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-dCas9, the team controlled the acetylation (乙酰化) and methylation (甲基化) processes in the Arc gene of lab rats. These two processes play key ro