1、 加减法加减法 简便计算简便计算加法结合律加法结合律(a+b)+c = a+(b+c)加法交换律加法交换律 a + b = b + a减法的运算性质减法的运算性质abc = a(b+c)1.直接运用加法结合律或加法交换律直接运用加法结合律或加法交换律395248=39 (5248)= 39100=139 18567115 =185 115 67 =300 67 =3672.直接运用减法的运算性质直接运用减法的运算性质 64712971 =647(129+71) =647200 =44790590537371431432020 =905 =905(37(3714314320)20) =905 =
2、905200200 =705 =705 586 586(186(186350)350) =586=586186186350350 =400 =400350350 =50 =50792792(220(220392)392)=792=792392392220220=400=400220220=180=180v536127732363.把数字分成两组分别进行简便计算把数字分成两组分别进行简便计算v=(536236) (12773)v=300200v=1004581198142v =(45842) (11981)v =500200v =3004.把接近整百的数字先看作整百数计算把接近整百的数字先看作整
3、百数计算 2872879898 =287 =287100100 2 2 =387 =3872 2 =385 =385287287102102=287=287100100 2 2=387=3872 2=389=389 2872879898 =287 =287100100 2 2 =187 =1872 2 =189 =189287287102102=287=287100100 2 2=187=1872 2=185=185 4984987575 =500 =5007575 2 2 =575 =5752 2 =573 =573v牢记运算律和运算性质牢记运算律和运算性质v掌握进行简便计算的基本方法掌握进行简便计算的基本方法v根据题目中数字的特点进行灵活运用根据题目中数字的特点进行灵活运用v注意计算准确注意计算准确