1、The test-tube baby technologys brief introduction and discussion The concept of ivf The developing course of ivf Several common ivf The advantages and disadvantages of ivf Content1. The concept Test-tube baby technology is also known as in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer (IVF - ET) technology
2、, means using some artificial methods to fertilize eggs and sperms in vitro , or in a laboratory culture, and carrying out early embryo development, and then transplanted to the womb to cultivate.Finnally，the pregnant women give birth to the babys. In 1947，The magazine Nature in UK reported a experi
3、ment of recycling rabbits eggs and transfering them to other rabbits to give birth to young rabbits by “borrowing the abdomen”. In 1959 ， Minjue Zhang，a Chinese -American biologist，finished this experiment again，and achieved a success.On July 25, 1978, the worlds first test-tube baby Louis Brown was
4、 born in Britain.2.2.The developing course of ivfFrom the late 1970 s to the late 1980 s, many countries had made the first generation test-tube babys successfully.1988310 China，girl The first test-tube baby of the Chinese mainland 19811228America，girl 1982120 Greek ，girl1982224 French，girl1978103In
5、dia，girl 1979114 UK，boy 1979623 Australia，girl 198066 Australia，a boy and a girl，the first twins of test-tube baby 19811019 UK ，girl， the first mulatto test-tube baby 1982625 UK，girl1982922 Israel, girl 1982927 Swedish，girl 1983520 Singapore，boy， the first test-tube baby of southeast Asia198368 Aust
6、ralia the first triplets1984116 Australias first quadruplets 1985416 Taiwan，China，boy first test-tube baby Up to nowUp to now，the global tthe global test-tube babys have more than 3 billion. have more than 3 billion.Conventional Conventional in vitro in vitro fertilization and fertilization and embr
7、yoembryo transfer transfer Gamete and embryo Gamete and embryo cryopreservation cryopreservation technologytechnology The genetic diagnosis The genetic diagnosis of embryos before planting of embryos before planting The technology The technology of ooplasm of ooplasm substitutionsubstitution Drugs D
8、rugs to stimulate to stimulate superovulationsuperovulation A single spermA single sperm injection of injection ofOocyte plasma Oocyte plasma 3.3.Several common ivf3.1 The c3.1 The conventional inonventional invitro fertilization andvitro fertilization andembryo transfer.embryo transfer.3.2 3.2 A si
9、ngle sperm A single sperm injection ofinjection ofOocyte plasma.Oocyte plasma.3.3 3.3 The genetic diagnosis of The genetic diagnosis of embryos before planting embryos before planting . . Also known as the fourth generation of ivf. Human genetic material exists in the chromosomes of sperms and eggs
10、nucleus , and the cytoplasm around nucleus , plays an important part in providing nutrition and sustaining life. This kind of test tube babies are for those women who have oviposit function, but because of poor physical conditions, or older, causing the eggs quality is not so high, and the energy is
11、 poor . Specific method is to remove her nucleus of an egg cell, into a young, healthy womens cytoplasm of a egg, forming a new, high- quality egg, but it still expresses the genetic characteristics of the previous woman. Then combine this egg and her husbands sperm together in vitro to come being t
12、o a fertilized egg,implanted back into the first womans womb, so she gives birth to a healthy children that has no relationship with the third people providing the cytoplasm . 3.4 The technology of ooplasm The technology of ooplasm substitutionsubstitution4.4. The advantages of ivf Test-tube baby te
13、chnology , a kind of assisted reproductive technology, Test-tube baby technology , a kind of assisted reproductive technology, creates the miracle of life, it is of great importance that creates the miracle of life, it is of great importance that brings the Gospel to infertile women, and maintains t
14、he harmony, happy brings the Gospel to infertile women, and maintains the harmony, happy families and a stable society . families and a stable society . If the Y chromosome taking microIf the Y chromosome taking micro defect is inherited,it is easy defect is inherited,it is easy to cause miscarriage
15、 ,stillbirth to cause miscarriage ,stillbirth ,and congenital anomalies and so ,and congenital anomalies and so on.on. If a woman has no If a woman has no conditions for breeding ,conditions for breeding ,has a history of miscarriage. has a history of miscarriage. Even if a test-tube baby Even if a
16、test-tube baby surgery works, also can causesurgery works, also can cause miscarriage. miscarriage.Some institutions Some institutions cannt controll the cannt controll the sperms strictly ,the sperms strictly ,the source of sperms is source of sperms is unknown.Its unable unknown.Its unable to guar
17、antee the to guarantee the quality of the fetus. quality of the fetus. High cost for each High cost for each offspring: an offspring: an artificial artificial insemination needs insemination needs 2-30000 yuan, the 2-30000 yuan, the successful rate is successful rate is about 20%. about 20%. The tes
18、t-tube babys The test-tube babys made by artificial made by artificial fertilization have fertilization have the three times the three times higher risk of higher risk of suffering from suffering from cerebral palsy. than cerebral palsy. than by natural by natural fertilization when fertilization wh
19、en they were born .they were born .It interferencesIt interferences female physiology female physiology strictly.strictly.5. The 5. The disadvantages disadvantages of ivf of ivf Conclusion: To sum up,test-tube baby technology, as a Conclusion: To sum up,test-tube baby technology, as a kind of high-t
20、ech product in medical along with the kind of high-tech product in medical along with the development of science and technology , writes a new development of science and technology , writes a new chapter for the human reproductive history and chapter for the human reproductive history and creates th
21、e miracle of life.But, at the same time, it creates the miracle of life.But, at the same time, it also appears some related problems, this requires also appears some related problems, this requires that we should learn to use a dialectical point of that we should learn to use a dialectical point of
22、view. On the one hand, test-tube baby technology view. On the one hand, test-tube baby technology brings good news for infertility family, on the other brings good news for infertility family, on the other hand the quality and the complications of ivf also hand the quality and the complications of ivf also need to improve . need to improve . Thank you！
