1、 6 / 12 文学素养文学素养 B B 限时 60 分钟） 第第一一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Many kids have been feeling sad and stressed lately because of the pandemic（流行病）. Schools are trying to help them feel better. One
2、 school did that by throwing a birthday party for a dog named Gravy. Gravy is a sweet brown dog. In September, she started working as a therapy dog at Grand Ledge High School in Michigan. Gravy quickly became popular with students there. Gravy is cared for by a school leader, Maria Capra. Gravys Bir
3、thday Party Some students learned that Gravys first birthday was coming up. So, they asked Capra if they could throw a party. She said sure, thinking it wouldnt amount to much. Then the students put up posters around the school. They invited all 1,600 students to the party. Some kids made a costume
4、for Gravy. Others started raising money for the local animal shelter in her honor. I really didnt know what to expect, Capra recalled. When it was time for the party, hundreds of kids showed up. Therapy Dogs In Schools The pandemic（流行病）has been hard on kids across the United States. Many young peopl
5、e felt lonely or lost loved ones. Schools are trying to help kids through this tough time. Many have hired counselors（顾问）. Some have started teaching kids skills to help them manage their feelings. Some schools did something else. They purchased (bought) dogs. The reason: The dogs make kids happy. G
6、ravy is one of about 12 dogs introduced to students in schools across Michigan. The dogs live with a teacher or another staff member who acts as their handler. They spend the day at school, interacting with kids. Research suggests that a trained dog can lower childrens stress. A dog can also help th
7、em learn better. And it can help kids get along with one another. Traci Souva is an art teacher in Michigan. She cares for a dog named Chipper. A lot of times the kids will tell Chipper whats wrong rather than adults, she said. And thats pretty magical. There are possible drawbacks（缺点）to having dogs
8、 in schools. They include cleanliness, allergies (过敏) and student fears. But all these problems are manageable. The dogs are highly trained and hypoallergenic. That means they dont cause allergic reactions. And they are always with their handler. Nobody is forced to interact with a dog if they dont
9、want to. Dogs In High Demand Nikki Brown is a school counselor. She also trains dogs for schools. Since the pandemic, demand for trained dogs in schools has just exploded, she said. The dogs are highly trained to be in a school environment, she said. They are trained to work with kids with all kinds
10、 of needs. They sense stress. They might let a teacher or a counselor know about a kid who might be struggling emotionally. Souva recalled a moment earlier in the school year. A child was sad. So Chipper decided to lay right next to his chair, she said. Jill Ford is a fourth-grade teacher in Michiga
11、n. She cares for a dog named Alfie. Ford said that a few kids were afraid to come back to school at the beginning of the year. They wouldnt get out of the car to go into school. Ford would use Alfie to help get them out of the car. Now, they are more comfortable at school. They no longer need Alfies
12、 help. Capra said that Gravys birthday party helped students get comfortable again with in-person learning. Gravy has been out of school for two weeks after having an operation. Students ask about her every day. Ive had kids ask me, Can we have a welcome back party for her? Capra said. 1. Which sent
13、ence supports the articles MAIN idea? A. There are downsides of having dogs in schools. Dogs can be dirty. B. Some people are allergic to dogs and some kids are afraid of dogs. 7 / 12 C. Traci Souva is an art teacher and she cares for a dog named Chipper. D. “A lot of times the kids will tell Chippe
14、r whats wrong rather than adults,” Souva said. 2. What effect did Gravys birthday party have on students? A. It helped them to relax enough to get out of their cars at school. B. It helped them to get comfortable doing in-person learning again. C. It caused them to pay attention to playing games alo
15、ne at home. D. It caused them to feel more lonely, sad and afraid at school. 3. What caused schools to buy dogs? A. the fear that students would continue to do learning at home. B. the worry about childrens mental health during the pandemic C. the difficulty schools had in finding enough counselors
16、D. the fact that many classes focus on social-emotional learning 4. How did trained dogs affect students in the research? A. They made students have more allergic reactions. B. They made students feel more stressed than before C. They helped more students to get along with one another. D. They cause
17、d more students to become afraid of dogs. B After my father left us，my mother had to go back to work to support our family. Once I came out of the kitchen, complaining, “Mom, I cant peel potatoes. I have only one hand.” Mom never looked up from sewing. “You get yourself into that kitchen and peel th
18、ose potatoes,” she told me. “And dont ever use that as an excuse for anything again!” In the second grade, our teacher lined up my class on the playground and had each of us race across the monkey bars, swinging from one high steel rod to the next. When it was my turn, I shook my head. Some kids beh
19、ind me laughed, and I went home crying. That night I told Mom about it. She hugged me, and I saw the “well see about that” look. The next afternoon, she took me back to school. At the empty playground, Mom looked carefully at the bars. “Now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised. She stood by as
20、 I struggled to lift myself with my right hand until I could hook the bar with my other elbow (手肘). Day after day we practiced, and she praised me for every rung (横档) I reached. Ill never forget the next time, crossing the rungs, I looked down at the kids who were standing with their mouths open. On
21、e night, after a dance at my new junior high, I lay in bed crying. I could hear Mom come into my room. “Mom,” I said, weeping, “none of the boys would dance with me.” For a long time, I didnt hear anything. Then she said, “Oh, honey, someday youll be beating those boys off with a bat.” Her voice was
22、 faint and trembling; I peeked out from my covers to see tears running down her cheeks. Then I knew how much she suffered on my behalf. She had never let me see her tears. 5. From the passage, we know monkey bars can help a child train _. A. the skill to throw and catch things B. the speed of ones h
23、and movement C. the strength and skill to hang and swing D. the bodily skill to stand still on a bar 6. When the child looked down at the kids, they were standing with their mouths open because _. A. they felt sorry for what they had done before B. they were afraid the author might fall off and get
24、hurt C. they wanted to see what the author would do on the bars D. they were very surprised to find the authors progress 8 / 12 7. The most probable conclusion we can draw after reading the passage is _. A. the last incident was sad enough to make Mom weep B. the childs experience reminded Mom of th
25、at of her own C. Mom could solve any problem except the one in the last paragraph D. in fact Mom suffered more in the process of the childs growth C If you walk into W. Lloyd Jeromes dental surgery in the centre of Glasgow, youll see bright modern paintings on the wall and a fashionable blue couch w
26、hich patients sit on while he checks their teeth. Jerome says, “50% of the population only go to the dentist when theyre in pain rather than attending for regular check-ups. Thats because theyre frightened.” To handle this, he has tried to create an environment where people are not afraid. “Thats wh
27、y I took the decision not to wear a white coat. I find thats one of the things that people associate with pain. In fact, my philosophy is that dental treatment should take place in an atmosphere of relaxation, interest and above all enjoyment.” Which is all highly shocking for anyone who has learned
28、 to associate dental treatment with pain, or at the very least, with formal, clinical visits. Jerome says, “If people are relaxed, entertained and correctly treated, they will forget such previous negative experiences.” Virtual-reality headsets are one of his new relaxation techniques. “We were the
29、first practice in Britain to introduce them and theyre proving very popular. The headsets are used for the initial check-up, where the patient sits comfortably on the blue couch and watches a film about underwater wildlife while I look at their teeth. Then the headset switches to a special camera, t
30、o give the patient a visual tour around their mouth.” Surprisingly, most patients seem to enjoy this part of their visit to the dentist. Although he is known as Glasgows most fashionable dentist, Jerome is keen to point out that he takes his work very seriously. “The relaxation techniques are import
31、ant but the quality of the treatment is of course the most important thing.” For example, Jerome uses a special instrument which sprays warm water on the teeth to clean them, rather than scraping them. “It feels a bit strange at first, but as long as people are relaxed, its not painful at all.” Five
32、 years ago, Jerome went to the United States to do research into dental techniques. “One of the things I found out there was that when you make it easier for the patient you make it easier for yourself,” he explains. He sees his patient-centred attitude as the start of a gradual movement towards les
33、s formality in the conservative British dentistry profession. 8. W. Lloyd Jerome doesnt wear a white coat at work because _. A. it is not fashionable enough B. it makes him look serious C. it reminds patients of pain D. it frightens the dentist 9. Which example does Jerome give to show that the trea
34、tment quality matters most? A. The virtual-reality headsets. B. The environment of his clinic. C. The visual tour of patients own mouth. D. The special equipment that sprays warm water. 10. By “when you make it easier for the patient you make it easier for yourself” (in the last paragraph), Jerome m
35、eans_. A. British dentistry profession is not formal enough 9 / 12 B. being patient-centred is a win-win approach C. dentists should put themselves before patients D. dental techniques are less important 11. It can be concluded from the passage that Jerome hopes _. A. patients can enjoy their visits
36、 to the dentists B. Britain can compare with the U. S. in dentistry C. people will realize the importance of dental care D. people will have regular dental check-ups for relaxation D Want to protect against the effects of Alzheimers? Alzheimers disease is a condition in which a persons thinking abil
37、ity and memory gradually declines. Recent brain research shows that bilingual (双语的) peoples brains function better and for longer after developing the disease. Psychologist Ellen Bialystok and her colleagues at York University in Toronto recently tested about 450 patients who had suffered from Alzhe
38、imers and had similar levels of cognitive impairment (认知障碍). Half of these patients were bilingual and half spoke only one language. The researchers found that those who were bilingual had suffered from Alzheimers about four years later, on average, than those who spoke just one language. And the bi
39、lingual people reported their symptoms（症状）had begun about five years later than those who spoke only one language. “What weve been able to show is that the bilinguals have been able to deal with the disease,” Bialystok said. Then she asked the Alzheimers patients to have brain scans. As was expected
40、, brain scans of the Alzheimers patients showed that, among patients who were functioning at the same level, those who were bilingual had more advanced brain deterioration (退化) than those who spoke just one language. But this difference wasnt apparent from the patients behaviors, or their abilities
41、to function. The bilingual people acted like monolingual patients whose disease was less advanced. The researchers think bilingual people exercise a brain network more. It includes the fontal regions of the brain tied to memory, language and learning. “Once the disease begins to damage the regions o
42、f the brain, bilinguals can continue to function and the brain becomes more resistant to the damage caused by aging,” Bialystok said. Also, frequently exercising this brain network can help the frontal regions communicate better with one another. As a result, bilingual people are able to think more
43、clearly than the average person with Alzheimers. Moreover, other research suggests that these benefits of bilingualism apply not only to those who are raised from birth speaking a second language, but also to people who take up a foreign tongue later in life. 12. How did the bilingual patients diffe
44、r from the others in the test? A. They suffered from mental disorders. B. Their initial illnesses were more serious. C. Their symptoms delayed several years. D. They were better at language learning. 13. Why did Bialystok have the patients brain scanned? A. To know about their medical history. B. To
45、 be sure of the test result. C. To cure them in a better way. D. To mark their behavioral reaction. 14. What does good to bilingual people with Alzheimers? A. Building self-confidence. B. Developing interest in learning 10 / 12 C. Improving skills in communication. D. Using the brain network regular
46、ly. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Bilingual Learners Are Much Healthier B. Never Too Late to Learn Another Language C. Learning Another Language Protects Against Alzheimers D. Learning a Second Language Improves Health 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
47、为多余选项。 Looking back at my younger years，I am sometimes amazed at how life has turned out_16_The only thing that stays the same is who I am，my values，and my interestsIf I could go back in time and hang out with my younger self for aday，heres what I would tell her Everything happens for a reason Witho
48、ut mistakes and failure，you would never have learnedWithout pain，you would never have grownOnce you understand this，you will know that everything comes in to serve a purposeSo dont think that life is unfair，because everything happens for a reason_17_ Focus on one thing at a time It is not surprising
49、 that many of us are doing too many things at onceWe need to make ends meetBut if you are working three jobs at a time，it is not likely that you will succeed at any of themYou have to keep your eyes on the big pictureYou have to ask yourself：What exactly do you want to achieve for the next 10 years？
50、Focus on one thing at a time_18_ _19_ You might be graduating or have hit a turning point with your careerYou might feel a bit lost and unsure of where to goIts okayGo out there and try as many different things as you canDont ever feel like youre wasting your timeEnjoy the journeyEvery little path w
