1、全国卷高考语法难点辨析之全国卷高考语法难点辨析之现在完成时与过去完成时的区别现在完成时与过去完成时的区别The present perfect tense & The past perfect tense昂立红太阳昂立红太阳Yuki 形式 概念及用法 总结形式形式现在完成时现在完成时have/has+doneI have waited here for an hour.She has waited here for an hour.过去完成时过去完成时 had + done By the end of this term we had learned 1000 English words.概念
2、概念现在完成时现在完成时1.表示表示过去过去发生的发生的对现在有影响对现在有影响的动作；的动作； I have seen the film many times，so I wont go with you . 2.表示表示过去过去某一时间开始一直某一时间开始一直延续到现在延续到现在的动作。的动作。 He has lived here since 1949.用法用法现在完成时现在完成时定义一定义一用法一用法一表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果强调是过去动作与现在的联系强调是过去动作与现在的联系, ,也就是也就是强调现在的影响和结果强调现在的影响和结果，故常与表示与包括现在在内的时
3、间副词，如 just,already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用 eg.I have never heard of that before. She has already known the news用法用法现在完成时现在完成时定义二定义二用法二用法二表示过去某个时间开始的动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去动词使用延续性动词,常与for或since引导的时间连用。如so far, by now, these days, in the last ten years for+一段时间 eg. He has lived here for 5 years.
4、since+ （表示过去某一时间的）时间点 eg. He has been here since 5 years ago.概念概念过去完成时过去完成时 表示过去表示过去某一时刻以前某一时刻以前已经开始并一直已经开始并一直延续到这延续到这一时刻一时刻或或在此刻前在此刻前已经完成的动作，即已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去的过去过去”. By the end of last term we had learned 1000 English words. 1.表示在过去某一时间以前完成的动作或事件。是一个相是一个相对的时态对的时态，强调在某一时间点或动作之前发生的动作。 需要与表示过去的时间状语，不能离
5、开过去的时间而需要与表示过去的时间状语，不能离开过去的时间而独立存在独立存在。此时多与already,yet,still,just,before,ever,by,until 等连用 eg. He had read the text before he came to school. I had finished reading the book by 10:00 last night. 2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，并可能还将持续下去。 eg. By the end of last year,he had work in the factory for
6、10 years. 过去完成时通常连用的时间状语： by by the end of + 过去的时间点 beforeeg. He had read the text before he came to school. By the end of last year,he had work in the factory for 10 years. They had planted 100 trees before last Sunday. When 引导的从句引导的从句 主语主语+过去完成时过去完成时+ By the time 引导的从句引导的从句 从句谓语动词为过去式从句谓语动词为过去式 Be
7、fore引导的从句引导的从句eg. When I got there, the bus had already gone. Before I met her, I had heard a lot about her. By the time we got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.表示意向意向的动词如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose 等用过去完成时表示原本想做但并未完成的动作 eg. I had hoped that you would come to my pa
8、rty.总结总结过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时则是一个相对相对的时态，表示的动作不仅发生在过去，而且是过去的过去，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较比较时才用到它现在完成时现在完成时 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，侧重于对现在现在产生的结果结果或造成的影响影响，与现在现在有关。past练练 习习1.I have this nice watch for two years. (A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend2.I _900 English words by the time I was ten. (A)learned (B)was learning (C)ha
9、d learned (D)learnt3. Its said that he_sent to Australia to improve his English.(be)4. The living standard of the people in Nanjing _ since 1983. (rise)5. It _ (stop) raining when I wake up this morning.6. I _ (not read) the book because I had read it before. has beenhas risenhad stoppedhadnt read Thank you ！
