1、主谓一致的概念：主语和其谓语动词在人称 和数上保持一致。主谓一致分为三种情况：语法一致内容一致就近一致主谓“三”一致(1) 如果主语后面跟有如果主语后面跟有with、together with, along with, but, except, like, in addition to,including, besides, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than 等短语再加一个等短语再加一个名词时，谓语动词仍与主语（第一个词）名词时，谓语动词仍与主语（第一个词）保持一致。保持一致。如：如：A library together with 5
2、000 books was given to our school as a gift.Mr. Johnson as well as his wife and childrenis visiting the Great Wall now.All but Tom have gone to the cinema.语法一致语法一致(2) 用用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人、同一事物或同意概念时，同一个人、同一事物或同意概念时，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数，否则用，否则用复数复数。如：如：A teacher and writer is going to give u
3、s a speech.Bread and butter is usually my breakfast.The professor and scientist has already come.A teacher and a writer are in the office.语法一致语法一致(3) 不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数单数。如：如：To learn English well takes effort.Serving the people is my great happiness.When
4、 well go for an outing has not been decided yet.How he can speak so good English interests us all. 语法一致语法一致(4) 用用 and 连接的并列主语被连接的并列主语被each，every，no 或或 many a 修饰时，谓语动词用修饰时，谓语动词用单数单数。如：如：Each boy and each girl has been given a gift.No teacher and no student is in the classroom.Every pen and every book
5、 _ ( lay ) on the desk already.Many a boy and many a girl is interested in her lesson.has been laid 语法一致语法一致(5) each of + 复数代词复数代词，谓语动用，谓语动用单数单数。 复数代词复数代词 + each，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数复数。如：如：Each of us has something to say.Each of them has been given a piece of bread.We each have a dictionary.They each have
6、done their work.语法一致语法一致语法一致语法一致(6) none作主语，修饰可数名词复数时，作主语，修饰可数名词复数时， 谓语动词谓语动词可用单数也可用复数可用单数也可用复数，但修饰，但修饰 不可数名词时，谓语动词不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数只能用单数。 如：如： None of us are(is) perfect.None of these books are(is) mine.None of his money has been found again.None of this worries me.语法一致语法一致(7) 名词如名词如trousers, scisso
7、rs, glasses, goods , clothes 等作主语时，谓语动词必须用等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数复数， 但当它们前面有但当它们前面有a pair of 或或one pair of 修饰修饰 时，谓语动词只能用时，谓语动词只能用单数单数。如：如：My trousers are black.His glasses are expensive.A pair of trousers lies on my bed.A pair of glasses was given to me as a gift.语法一致语法一致(8) 形复意单名词如：形复意单名词如：news; 以以-ics结尾的
8、学科结尾的学科 名词如：名词如：physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如：国名如：the United States; 报纸名如：报纸名如： the New York Times; 书名如：书名如：Arabian Nights天方夜谭天方夜谭；以及；以及the United Nations 等作主语时，谓语动词要用等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数单数。如：如：Arabian Nights is full of interesting stories.The New York Times is a popular reading material for studen
9、ts.Physics is my favourite subjects.语法一致语法一致(9) “a/an + 名词名词 + and a half”,“one and a half + 名词名词” “the number of + 名词名词” 等作主语时，等作主语时，谓语动词要用谓语动词要用单数单数。如：。如：An apple and a half is on the table.One and a half days has passed.The number of the students in our class is 63.语法一致语法一致(10) 百分数（或分数）百分数（或分数）+
10、of + 可数名词单数可数名词单数 （或不可数名词）谓语动词用（或不可数名词）谓语动词用单数单数； 百分数（或分数）百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词复数，可数名词复数， 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。 如：如：Twenty percent of land has been turned into a playground.Two thirds of the apple is rotten.Sixty percent of the workers in the factory are women.语法一致语法一致 Many a/an + n. + V(单数）单数）+ O. 表示复数的意思，
11、译作表示复数的意思，译作 “很多很多”。如：如：Many a student is interested in English.很多学生对英语感兴趣。很多学生对英语感兴趣。Many a teacher has resigned.很多老师已经辞职了。很多老师已经辞职了。Many an apple has gone bad.很多苹果已经坏了。很多苹果已经坏了。Many a mistake has been made by him.他犯了很多错误。他犯了很多错误。语法一致语法一致（12） A (large) quantity of + N. + V + O. 动词的数由名词决定；动词的数由名词决定；
12、 A (large) ammount of + N. (不可数名词）不可数名词）+ V (单三单三）+ O. 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数，但是，但是， Large quantities of + N. (pl.or uc）+ V (复数复数）+ O. Large ammounts of + N. (不可数名词）不可数名词）+ V (复数复数）+ O. 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。A large quantity of sugar has been put in the boiled water.Large quantities of money have been wasted on th
13、e project.A larege ammount of time has been spent on English.Large ammounts of time have been saved by the new invention. 语法一致语法一致 “This kind of + 复数名词复数名词” 作主语时，作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数； “复数名词复数名词 + of this kind” 作主语时，作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。如：。如：This kind of apples was imported from America.Apples of thi
14、s kind were imported from America. 语法一致语法一致(14) “A/An + 单数名词单数名词 + or two” 作主语时，作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数； “One or two + 复数名词复数名词” 作主语时，作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。如：。如： A day or two is enough for this work.One or two days are enough for this work.A man or two is to be sent there to help them.One or two men are
15、 to be sent there to help them.语法一致语法一致（15）“A set of + 复数名词复数名词” 及及 “A series of + 复数名词复数名词” 作主语时，作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。如：。如： A series of debates was scheduled for the weekend.The sales man told me that a good set of tires was guaranteed to run at least fifty thousand miles. 语法一致语法一致(15) 在在 “one of +
16、 复数名词复数名词 + 定语从句定语从句” 结构中，结构中， 定语从句中谓语动词的用定语从句中谓语动词的用复数复数；但如果；但如果one 前面有前面有the only 修饰时，定于从句的谓语修饰时，定于从句的谓语 动词只能用动词只能用单数单数。 如：如：Mary is one of the students that have been invited to sing at the concert.Mary is the only one of the students that has been invited to sing at the concert. 不定代词不定代词all, mos
17、t, some 等作助于书，等作助于书， 谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代的谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所指代的 名词的数。名词的数。如：如：内容一致内容一致内容一致内容一致（2）”the + 形容词（或分词）形容词（或分词）” 指一类人，指一类人， 如：如：the rich (富人富人), the living (活着的人活着的人), the wounded (伤者）作主语时，伤者）作主语时， 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。 如：如：The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.The rich are eager to help
18、the poor. The wounded have been taken good care of .The living have to cheer up and continue to live.内容一致内容一致(3) 用用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看做一个连接的成对名词习惯上被看做一个 整体时，如：整体时，如：bread and butter(面包加黄油面包加黄油), knife and fork(刀叉刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词等作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。如：用单数。如：内容一致内容一致（4）不定数量的词组，如：）不定数量的词组，如：a part of, a lot of, lo
19、ts of, one of, a number of, plenty of 等作主语时，谓等作主语时，谓 语动词的单复数取决于语动词的单复数取决于 它们所修饰的名词。它们所修饰的名词。如：如：A part of the textbooks have arrived.A part of the apple has beeb eaten up by the pig.A lot of people have heared the news.A lof of money has been spent on this project.内容一致内容一致(5) 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作表示时间、
20、金钱、距离、度量等的名词作 主语，尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单主语，尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单 一的概念时，其谓语动词用一的概念时，其谓语动词用单数单数形式。形式。如如：One million dollars is a lot of money.Ten miles is a long distance.Two years is enough is learn a foreign language.就近一致就近一致（1）由）由here, there, where 以及状语从句提前以及状语从句提前 构成的倒装句中，构成的倒装句中，(有时主语不止一个时有时主语不止一个时) 谓语与靠近它的主语保
21、持一致。如：谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：Here comes the bus.There is a pen, two books and three pencils on the desk.On top of the mountain stands a tower.Where is your mother?Where are your friends?就近一致就近一致（2）由连词）由连词or, either or, neither nor, not only but also, not but 等连接等连接 的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近它的主语的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近它的主语 保持一致。保持一致。如：如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.He or you have taken my pen.Not only Tom but I am satisfied with the result.Not only they but also we are interested in the film.Thanks!Live with passion!Engjoy your study.
