2022届上海市闵行区高考二模英语试题 （word）+听力音频+答案+听力录音文字稿.zip

学科网（北京）股份有限公司闵行区闵行区 2021 学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷 考生注意：考生注意：1. 考试时间考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分分钟，试卷满分 140 分。分。2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3. 答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写准考证号和姓名。答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写准考证号和姓名。I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. $ 10. B. $ 15.C. $ 20.D. $ 30. 2.A. Stop the music.B. Work on the composition.C. Help the woman. D. Focus on music. 3.A. Sensitive.B. Sociable.C. Respectable.D. Thoughtful. 4.A. The man will have black coffee.B. The man has quitted coffee.C. The man is on a diet.D. The man only drinks milk.5.A. He met with an accident.B. He had to do extra work.C. He forgot to pick up his friend.D. He was held up in traffic. 6.A. Have a rest. B. Learn new skills.C. Find a new job.D. Do extra work.7.A. Brightening a room.B. Buying new furniture.C. Redecorating a room. D. Painting a living room.8.A. He considers it stressful. B. He lacks required abilities.C. He is not confident enough.D. He has no time for it.9. A. He doesnt have enough money.B. He wants to give the woman a surprise. C. He doesnt know what to buy.D. He has forgotten the womans birthday.10. A. Narrow down his theme.B. Revise his paper carefully.C. Focus on the paper.D. Cover more topics. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.学科网（北京）股份有限公司11. A. It doesnt include a remote.B. It can be controlled by gesture.C. It can automatically power off.D. It can be operated by voice.12. A. Much to be improved.B. Not as good as expected.C. Good enough at its price point.D. Best of all the TVs.13. A. A fantastic video clip.B. An introduction of a review channel.C. A comment on a TV.D. The usage of a remote.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Low sleep efficiency. B. Human evolution.C. A psychological disease.D. An unusual brain disorder. 15. A. They can hardly fall asleep all night.B. Their brains dont function well. C. They have terrible dreams.D. Their brains remain awake. 16. A. Ways to improve sleeping quality.B. Surroundings and sleeping quality. C. Treatment for the first night effect. D. How the two parts of the brain work. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She joined a free fitness programme.B. She never persevered in going to the gym.C. The trainer offered to help her for free. D. Her friend recommended her to do so.18. A. She is overweight.B. She often overworksC. She is not fit enough.D. She has a bad lifestyle.19. A. By setting a role model himself.B. By giving her personalized advice.C. By working with her in a funny way.D. By running and jumping with her.20. A. Manageable.B. Unrealistic. C. Dull.D. Demotivating.学科网（北京）股份有限公司II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There is no doubt that peoples behavior has a far-reaching impact on the environment. Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering often takes a backseat,(21) _ its more pressing than we may think. In our daily life, we litter a lot of things, and some items (22) _ (litter) more frequently. If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that its part of a fruitright? Absolutely no. A banana peel (23) _ take up two years to break drown. An orange peel and a cigarette butt (烟蒂) has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to (24) _ of a banana, but tin and aluminum cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, so (25) _ glass bottles, Styrofoam cups and plastic bags.(26) _ the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we cant only measure the severity (严重性) of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UKs rat population (27) _ (increase) by 60 million. Littering is not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers spend 500 million in order to keep our streets clean, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to 1 billion. So, its not surprising that if (28) _ (catch) littering, you could face a 20,000 fine. In more serious cases, offenders may be subject to imprisonment, with sentences (29) _ (range) from 10 days to six years. To take back our beautiful countryside and cities, we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish (30) _ it ought not to be. We need to truly care more about the world around us.学科网（北京）股份有限公司Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. averageB. groupedC. contributionD. initiate E. plantedF. wornG. consumeH. serveI. evolvedJ. trackedK. scene Science and technology are advancing at tremendous speed. We may think were a culture that gets rid of our 31 technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices 32 much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York 33 the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has 34 since the early 1990s. The devices were 35 by generation Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the 36 in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. The living-room television is replaced and gets 37 in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, said one researcher. The 38 number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to thirteen in 2007. Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and 39 to greenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the possible solution? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers would replace old products with new electronics that 40 more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.学科网（北京）股份有限公司III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Anyone could be in his or her unfavorable situations, whatever their ages and social status. Adults are often 41 asking for help. Its an act that can make people feel 42 . The moment you ask for directions, after all，you reveal that you may be lost. Seeking someones assistance can make you feel like you are broadcasting your 43 . New research suggests young children dont seek 44 in school, even when they need it, for the same reason. To learn more about how children think about looking for help, we asked 576 children, aged four to nine, to predict the 45 of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others. Children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be 46 to ask for assistance. They could still conceive of (想象) situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought 47 (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less clever in front of fellow kids, such as 48 failure or modestly downplaying successes. Children are therefore strongly aware of several ways in which a persons actions might make them appear less 49 in the eyes of others. However, a number of 50 can be found to help children. Our first 51 may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits. But 52 barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for help to master all of the material. If seeking help is understood as a(n) 53 classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicative (表明) of ones ability. Seeking help could even be framed as 54 desirable. After all, asking for help often benefits not just the help seeker but also others listening in who have 55 questions or struggles.学科网（北京）股份有限公司41. A. delighted withB. ready forC. serious aboutD. embarrassed about42. A. impersonalB. sensitiveC. helplessD. desperate 43. A. incapabilityB. enthusiasmC. generosityD. friendliness 44. A. protectionB. individualityC. assistanceD. personality45. A. behaviorB. intelligenceC. successD. capability46. A. readyB. unlikelyC. comfortableD. desperate47. A. separatelyB. moderatelyC. purposefully D. privately 48. A. admittingB. neglectingC. avoidingD. underestimating 49. A. friendlyB. smartC. independentD. reliable50. A. theoriesB. reasonsC. solutionsD. researches 51. A. missionB. advice C. instinctD. barrier52. A. instructiveB. decisive C. intellectual D. reputational 53. A. ordinaryB. vividC. achievableD. virtual 54. A. personallyB. mentallyC. potentiallyD. socially55. A. dominantB. similarC. complexD. original Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A) The population of rare Atlantic puffins in Maine, US, took a hit this year, as the number of chicks to survive a tough summer collapsed. The states coastal bays and the Gulf of Maine are among the fastest warming large water bodies on the planet, making the puffins fate a test-case for how climate change could disrupt marine ecosystems worldwide.The little clown-colored birds faced a complex of challenges: nests were flooded by some of the heaviest rains in a hundred years, exposing chicks to cold and predators. It was tough for young puffins, who were being brought up in caves along the islands shores. And their parents had a hard time finding herring (鲱鱼) and other North Atlantic prey they usually dive for, which scientists think may have swum to cooler waters too deep or far-off for the birds. The adult puffins flew farther than usual to find food. Scientists say this limited their time to keep baby puffins warm in their nests. They did find and bring to the nests a lot of butterfish, but the thing is that butterfish are too big for young puffins to swallow.The director of the National Audubon Societys Seabird Institute, Don Lyons, says puffins provide a unique window on global warming, on how even small shifts in the range or timing of any one species occurrence can influence the fate of many others. Working with puffins in 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Maine, were seeing the harbingers (预兆) of climate change every day, he said. I tend to think of puffins as a group of researchers. Theyre going out and sampling our marine ecosystem all summer, many times a day. And the way we learn from them is watching what fish they bring back and how well they are able to raise baby coffins. . Theyre really telling us to be concerned, you know, to pay attention.Lyons says that with good management of herring and other fisheries that the puffins depend on, the birds should be able to hang on. Puffins can live up to 30 years and this means it wont be too terrible if they meet only a bad year. He adds, though, that their future in Maine may depend on just how often those bad years keep rolling in.56. The phrase “took a hit” (in the 1st paragraph) probably mean “_”. A. suffer heavy lossesB. escape bad fortune C. increase on a large-scaleD. decline moderately 57. According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?A. Puffins nests are open to the attack of their predators.B. Baby puffins are not adequately fed.C. Puffins prey prefers to stay in warm waters.D. Butterfish are not the appropriate food for baby puffins.58. In the 3rd paragraph, Lyon compare puffins to researchers because _.A. puffins are helping human to maintain marine ecosystemB. we can tell the marine ecosystem from what puffins doC. puffins are more capable of diving for their preyD. its interesting for researchers to work with puffins 59. From the last paragraph we know that _ is to determine puffins future in Maine.A. the control of puffins populationB. prohibition of fishing herring and other fish C. puffins abilities to adapt to different marine ecosystemD. the frequency of the continuous occurrence of bad year学科网（北京）股份有限公司(B)Behavior Under Risk: How Animals Avoid Becoming DinnerBy: Renee L. Rosier & Tracy Langkilde 2021 Nature Education Most animals face the risk of being eaten. To avoid becoming someones dinner, an organism must be able to identify predatory threats and employ effective strategies to avoid detection by predators. In the event that avoidance fails, animals can use strategies that will increase their chances of surviving att