1、人教版八年级英语下册重要短语、句型及语法Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、重点短语131. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. so that 以便12. see a
2、dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take ones temperature 量体温15. give up 放弃16. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事17. sound like 听起来像18. run out (of) 用完; 用尽19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事21. go along 沿着走23. make a decision 做出决定24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a h
3、eart problem 有心脏病27. to ones surprise 使. 惊京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. take risks 冒险37. fall down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心/感到不舒服39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. so. . . that
4、如此 以至于41. have problems breathing 呼吸困难42. be in control of 掌管;管理 二、重点句型1. What s the matter with you? / What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？ 主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形. .You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldnt go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。3.
5、 Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital三、重点语法 1. have在涉及健康问题的句子中的应用。 2. 情态动词should和shouldnt表“建议”、“提议
6、”或“请求”等。 3. 反身代词。 4. see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在从事某事或正处于某种状态” see sb. do sth （注：不定式不必带 to）表示“看见某人/某物做完某事”5. thanks to sb./sth.表示“多亏；因为；由于”。Unit 2 I ll help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old peoples home 养老院3. help out
7、 with sth. 帮助解决困难4. used to 曾经 ；过去5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在.岁时8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发; 散发11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为工作；为. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分
8、发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如；例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与.相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与相似26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、重点句型1. The b
9、oy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读
10、项目的志愿者 的选拔。5. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工 作而着急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。三、重点
11、语法 1. 动词不定式作宾语；状语和宾语补足语。 2. 情态动词could表建议的用法。 3. 动词短语。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、 重点短语1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚3. go to the movies 去看电影4. get a ride 搭车5. work on 从事6. finish doing sth. 完成做某事7. depend on依赖;依靠 8. do the dishes 洗餐具9. t
12、ake out the rubbish 倒垃圾10. fold your/the clothes 叠衣服11. sweep the floor 扫地12. make your/the bed 整理床铺14. no problem 没问题15. welcome sb. 欢迎某人16. come home from work下班回家17. throw down 扔下18. a waste of time浪费时间19. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事20. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步21. all the time 一直;总是22. all day/even
13、ing 整曰/夜23. do house work 做家务24. shout back 大声回应25. enough stress足够的压力26. share the housework 分担家务27. look after/take care of 照顾；照看 28. in surprise 惊讶地29. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西30. in order to为了31. hang out 闲逛32. do ones part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分内的事33. lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人34. get good grade
14、s取得好成绩35. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事36. do chores 做杂务37. help sb. do / with sth 帮助某人干某事38. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 39. buy some snacks买些小吃40. go to the store去商店 41. invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会 二、重点句型1. Could you please.do sth. ? / Could you please clean your room?2. I have to do some work. &n
15、bsp;我必须干些活。3. Could I+ do sth. ? Could I use your computer? 4. She won t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过
16、来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth. I hate to do chores.三、重点语法 1. Could表礼貌的请求或者请求允许。Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重点短语1. have free time有空闲时间2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架6. until midnight
17、直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈8. too many太多9. study too much学得过多10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11. write sb. a letter给某人写信12. call sb. up打电话给某人13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶14. look through翻看15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气16. a big deal重要的事17. work out成功地发展;解决18. get on with不 11睦相处；关系良:19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架20. hang over笼
18、罩21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事23. so that以便24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. all the time一直26. in future今后27. make sb. angry使某人生气28. worry about sth. 担心某事29. copy ones homework抄袭某人的作业30. be oneself做自己31. family members32. spend time alone独自消磨时光33. give sb. pressure给某人施压34.
19、 have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争36. free time activities业余活动37. get better grades取得更好的成绩38. give ones opinion提出某人的观点39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧40. practice sports体育训练41. cause stress造成压力42. cut out删除二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didnt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习
20、到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why dont you forge t about it? 你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although shes wrong , its not a big deal. 虽然她错了 但这并不是什么大事儿。4. H e should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。6. I guess I could, but I dont want to surpr
21、ise him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。三、重点语法 1. Why dont you ? 给出建议。 2. 连词until, so that 和although引导的状语从句。Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、重点短语1. make sure 确信;确认2. beat against. 拍打 3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失5. wake up 醒来6
22、. in a mess 一团糟7. break. . apart 使分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.时候10. go off (闹钟)发出响声11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过公交车13. pick up 接电话14. bring. together 使靠拢15. in the area 在这个地区16. miss the event 错过这个事件17. by the side of the road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护
23、热线19. walk by 走路经过20. make ones way to. . 在某人去的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消息22. important events in history 历史上的重大事件23.for example 例如24.be killed 被杀害25.over 50 5 0多(岁）26. a school pupil 一个小学生27. on the radio 通过广播28.in silence 沉默;无声29. more recently 最近地;新近30.the World Trade Center 世贸中心31.take down
24、 拆除;摧毁32.have meaning to 对有意义33.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34. at first 首先;最初二、重点句型1. What were you doing at eight last night? I was taking a shower. 我在洗淋浴。2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
25、While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。三、重点语法 1. make sure 意为“确认；查明；核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接借此of及宾语，用于引入需要确认的内容。 2. remember（someone）doing something固定搭配，意为“记得（某人）曾经做过某事”。 3. 连词when和while引导的状语从句。 4. 过去
26、进行时。 过去进行时由“was/were +动词-ing”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特征的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示。Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains一、重点短语1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as . 一就.3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6. try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the jo
27、urney to sp. .之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. put on 穿上10. a little b it 有点儿11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事12. give up 放弃13. instead of 代替;反而14. turn . . into 变成15. get married 结婚16. the main character 主要人物；主人公17. at other times 在另外一些时候18. be able to 能;会19. come out (书、电影等)出版20. become interested in. 对感兴趣21.
28、walk to the other side 走到另一边去22. get lost 迷路23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 计划做某事26. go to sleep 去睡觉27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地28. the next day 第二天29. change ones plan 改变计划30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事31. in the moonlight 在月光下二、重点句型1. What
29、do you think about/of. . ? So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？2. It doesnt seem+ adj + to do sth .I t doesn t seem very possible to move a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. This is because. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into differen
30、t animals and objects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变 化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。4. so that+从句 Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可 以放在耳朵里。5. It takes / took sb. some time to do sth. Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other
31、 side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过 去。6. not. . until十从句 Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。三、重点语法 1. 连词unless, as soon as和sothat引导的状语从句。Unit 7 W hats the highest mountain in the world?一、重要短语1. as big as 与一样大2. be in danger 处于危险之中3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. a
32、s far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of. . 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. endangered animals 濒危动物11. run along 跨越 12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulti
33、es 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years 每两年28. cut d
34、own the forests 砍伐林木29. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性二、重点句型1. It is + adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. . . . is because.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the f
35、ace of difficulties. 其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时 挑战自己。3. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying g to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. How high / deep /. . . is . ? How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？5. Although A lthough Japan is older than Cana
36、da，it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比 加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend time / money doing sth. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约三、重点语法 1. 长串数字的写法和读法。 2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island一、重点短语1. on page
37、25 在第2 5 页2. the back of the book 书的背面3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙4. in two weeks 在两周之内5. go out to sea 出海6. cant wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事7. write about 写作关于的内容8. finish doing sth. 做完某事9. at the end of the day傍晚的时候10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事11. enjoy success in享受的成功12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前13. the marks of anot
38、her mans feet另一个人的脚印14. not long after that 不久之后15. run towards sp. 跑向某地16. use. to do sth. 用来做某事17. belong to 属于18. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事19. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法20. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事21. study abroad 在国外学习22. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事23. come to realize 开始意识到24. ever since then 自从那
39、时起25. do some research on sth. 对做研究26. be kind to each other 善待彼此27. trust one another 互相信任28. hope to do sth. 希望做某事二、重点句型1. Have you read little Women yet? Yes，I have. /No , I havent.2. Has Tin a read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.3. Would you like . ? Would you
40、 like something to drink?4. I heard. I heard you lost your key. 我听说你丢钥匙了。5. . . . came to realize how much.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。三、重点语法 1. 现在完成时（already, yet） Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?一、
41、重点短语1. at night在夜晚2. all year round一年到头;终年3. be far from 离远4. in the dark 在黑暗中5. in the past 在过去6. have been to 去过某地7. go somewhere different 去不同的地方8. take the subway 坐地铁9. put up a tent搭帐篷10. different kinds of各种各样的 11. thousands of 数以千计的12. three quarters 四分之三13. have problem doi
42、ng sth. 做某事很难14. a couple of times 好几次15. right now 现在；目前16. hear of 听说17. take a ride兜风18. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事19. on the one hand. on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面二、重点句型1. Have you ever been to. ? Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？2. Lets. Lets go
43、somewhere different today. 我们今天去个不同的地方吧。3. Its +adj. +that. Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!科技以如此迅猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！4. Whether. , youll.Whether you like Indian food or Japanese food, youll find it all in Singapore! 不管你喜欢印度食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到！5. One
44、great thing is that.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. 新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。三、重点语法 1. 现在完成时（been，ever，never） Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.一、重点短语a1. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着2. in order to
45、 为了3. so far 迄今;到现在为止4. in need 需要5. not. anymore 不再6. one last thing 最后一样东西7. clear out 清理8. part with 与分开9. to be honest 说实在的10. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆11. give away 捐赠12. do with. 处置;处理13. search for work 找工作14. stay the same 保持原状15. according to 依据;按照16. in ones opinion 依看17. in my tim
46、e 在我那个年代二、重点句型1. How long have you. ? How long have you had that bike over there? 2. sb. has/have done sth. for.Amy has had her favorite book for three years. 艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3 年了。3. sb. has/have done sth. since.Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他4 岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。4. Som
47、e Others. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. 有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。5. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now. 至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在的，我现在巳经有一段时间没踢了。6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？7. What would you do with the money you raise? 你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？三、重点语法 1. 现在完成时
